At the beginning, I was dragged to Luoyang under the personal guidance of Mao Zedong. When Harbin, Shijiazhuang, Xi, Zhengzhou, Luoyang and other cities wanted to build the first tractor factory in China on their own land, Li Fuchun, then Vice Premier of the State Council, made a report to Chairman Mao on108/954. Mao Zedong said humorously: The emperors of Luoyang lived in the nine dynasties, but there was no room for a tractor factory? This history is recorded in detail in the story of dragging the city published by 1999. Yang, the former director of the First Tractor Factory, explained in an article why he chose Luoyang, the ancient capital of the Nine Dynasties. At that time, Luoyang had a population of only 90,000, and its industrial base was weak. Mao Zedong chose Yi Tuo as the meeting site for two reasons: from the perspective of national defense, Luoyang is located in the Central Plains and surrounded by mountains, which is conducive to combat readiness; Another reason is that from the perspective of national industrial layout, industries in various regions should develop in a balanced way.
1953 when new China was in full swing, experts and technicians were sent from Shanghai and Changchun with the help of the whole country. Under the guidance of Soviet experts, Yang and other "pioneers" began to build the first tractor factory. At first, for the sake of confidentiality, the external code was 08 1 factory, so the preparatory office was also 08 1 preparatory office.
When builders from major industrialized cities in China gathered in this ancient capital with a thousand years' history, Luoyang's urban construction at that time was very backward, with only 90,000 residents. 1954 There was a flood in the autumn, and the whole city of Luoyang was immersed in the flood. Construction workers rowed wooden boats across the Jianhe River and walked twenty or thirty miles to the present Jianshe Road, which was still a wilderness. 19551kloc-0/in the morning, more than 70,000 people in Luoyang attended the foundation laying ceremony of the main workshop of the first tractor factory. After the meeting, a grand groundbreaking ceremony was held on the construction site. The groundbreaking ceremony was presided over by Luoyang Engineering Bureau and Tractor Factory, with Xing Shaotang, Vice Governor of Henan Province, digging, and Li Li, Liu Gang, Secretary of Luoyang Municipal Party Committee, Yang, Deputy Director and Director of Luoyang Engineering Bureau shoveling and filling the pit at the same time. This cornerstone, written in four Chinese characters, stands at the foot of the east entrance and exit of the main entrance of the existing factory building. During the construction and trial production of the first tractor factory, the party and state leaders paid great attention and cordial care.
Before the first tractor was manufactured, Yi Tuo specially organized engineers to write a book called дт-54 tractor, which was used to introduce the performance and use of various parts of the tractor, as well as the knowledge of driving, maintenance and maintenance.
Shortly after the publication of this book, in 1958, Chairman Mao gave an important instruction to the tractor to be produced in Yi Tuo: "Don't use foreign languages for the model and name of the tractor. Various tractor styles and performances must be suitable for the climate and terrain of China and must be comprehensively utilized; Its cost must be as low as possible. " At that time, the state invested 65.438+0.5 billion yuan to build a factory in Yi Tuo, with a designed annual production capacity of 6.5438+0.5 million vehicles. The drawings of Dete 54 tractor are provided by Kharkov Tractor Factory of Soviet Union. Luoyang tractor factory produced in batches, and named the tractor it produced as Dongfanghong -54 tractor on 1959. Up to now, * * * has produced more than/kloc-0.0 million crawler tractors of various models.
On July 20th, 1958, the first domestic Dongfanghong -54 crawler tractor was delivered.
Lu Fulai, the chief of the engine workshop at that time, was from Shanghai. 1956 supported the construction of faw, 1958 was transferred from Changchun to Luoyang to support Yi Tuo factory. 1958 most of the workers who entered the factory came from rural areas in eastern, southern and northern Henan. These workers don't know how to add different oil to each oil hole of the machine tool, how many times a day, and what oil to add in summer and winter respectively. These workers said, you have to ask me when to plant sweet potatoes and when to harvest them, but I don't know how to refuel the machine. It's not that they don't cherish these machines, but that they don't master this technology and have no formal training. They go directly from rural fields to factories as workers, giving them half a day's safety knowledge at most. Lu Fulai came up with a method and formulated the rule of "three things before work and four things after work": specifically, to queue up before work, the first thing to do is to read articles from Workers' Daily to workers, and politics comes first; The second thing is to summarize and praise the employees and deeds who performed well the day before; The third thing is to deploy the tasks of the day. The "four don't go" after work is: don't go until you finish the task; You can't leave without putting the parts in order; Equipment cannot be separated without good maintenance; You can't leave until the shift is over. This method soon made these workers the backbone of the factory. 1959, the first machine department was named "Lu Fulai" team. As a representative of tens of thousands of grassroots workers, Lu Fulai spoke at the ceremony of 1959 1 1.
Premier Zhou personally inspected the tractor factory. Beside the assembly line, he had a cordial conversation with experts and workers, and said earnestly to Yang, the factory director: Remember, you are "the first in China"! We want to produce "China first" products, "China first" talents and create "China first" achievements!