Auschwitz concentration camp was established during Nazi Germany. Built on April 27th, 1940. It's not called the death factory. The death toll is about 1 10 ~ 130. Only 144 people managed to escape from Auschwitz. The death toll in Auschwitz even exceeds that of Britain and the United States combined. Before, I
Ten painful histories of Auschwitz concentration camp
1, Auschwitz concentration camp, built on April 27th 1940, also known as the death factory, is located in the small Polish town of Auschwitz, with a total area of about 40 square kilometers and a death toll of about11.3 million. Auschwitz has become an unfathomable symbol of terror, evil and human depravity.
2. Only 144 people managed to escape from Auschwitz. 1945 When the Russians liberated Auschwitz, there were only 7,000 prisoners left. Although the Russians tried to help, nearly half of them died of hunger, disease and fatigue.
During World War II, the number of people who died in Auschwitz exceeded that of Britain and America combined. The Nazis controlled the concentration camp from May 1940 to June 1945, and Auschwitz had nearly 2,000 tons of human hair.
Of the 3,000 pairs of twins sent to Auschwitz, only 200 survived. Auschwitz concentration camp is located in Germany occupied Poland. It consists of three camps, including a killing center. The concentration camp was opened in 1940 and closed after the liberation of the Soviet army in 1945+0.
Nazi took many things from prisoners, including shoes, jewels, gold teeth, toothbrushes, even artificial limbs and human hair.
6. There are nearly 44 concentration camps in Auschwitz, and about 165438+ ten thousand people died in Auschwitz: 1 ten thousand people were Jewish men, women and children.
* * * 928 prisoners tried to escape from Auschwitz, including 878 men and 50 women. Of these people, 196 escaped successfully, and most of them lived to witness the end of the war.
In Auschwitz, no prisoners' barracks have sanitary facilities, lights or heating. The first prisoner arrived in Auschwitz on June 1940, and the concentration camp was liberated on June 1945.
9. An eight-year-old child was once sent to Auschwitz. He pointed out that "the degree of human depravity is incomprehensible." The oldest known survivor of Auschwitz died in 10 at the age of 12,10,21.
10, more than 2 million tourists visit Auschwitz every year, and at the peak, more than 30,000 people wait in line in the building of the concentration camp. In Auschwitz, a day's work starts at 4:30 am in summer and at 5:30 am in winter.
What is Auschwitz concentration camp?
Auschwitz concentration camp, also translated as Auschwitz concentration camp, is one of the labor camps and extermination camps established during Nazi Germany. It is located in Auschwitz, a small town 60 kilometers southwest of Krakow, Poland, and is known as the "death factory". Auschwitz concentration camp was built by Himmler, leader of Nazi German Sineitai, on1April 27th, 940. 1942 65438+1The Ten Thousand Lakes Conference held on October 20th adopted the Final Solution to the Jewish Problem, and it is estimated that about 165438+ ten thousand people were killed in Auschwitz concentration camp. 1945 was liberated by the Soviet red army on 19471October 27th. On July 2nd, the Polish Parliament legislated to change the concentration camp into a national museum to commemorate the Nazi Holocaust, and UNESCO listed it as a world cultural heritage with 1979.
What is Auschwitz concentration camp? Background introduction of Auschwitz concentration camp
Auschwitz concentration camp was a reform-through-labour camp established by German Nazis during World War II, but it was actually an extermination camp. Many terrible things happened in Auschwitz concentration camp. According to statistics, more than 165438+ ten thousand people died in Auschwitz. Later, after the Soviet Union liberated Poland, the former site of Auschwitz concentration camp was turned into a memorial hall for martyrs, warning future generations not to forget this tragic history and calling on all countries in the world to cherish peace and not to fight. Maybe many friends don't know much about what happened in Auschwitz, so let's talk about the situation at that time.
What is Auschwitz concentration camp?
In World War II, Germany, as a fascist camp, occupied fourteen European countries successively. In these occupied countries, Germany pursued a fascist policy and implemented the so-called "new order". Of course, this is just like the so-called "Greater East Asia * * * Glory Circle" that the Japanese invaders tried to promote in China, but it is just a low-level excuse for their shameless aggression.
In essence, in these occupied countries, German fascists did not impose the so-called "new order" on the people of all countries, but brutally enslaved, slaughtered and plundered them. However, German fascists clearly know that as long as there is oppression, there will be resistance and struggle. So in order to deal with the people's resistance, they set up many concentration camps, which were specially used to detain and kill innocent people and prisoners of war, such as Auschwitz concentration camp, Dachau concentration camp, Saxony Hausen concentration camp and so on. Perhaps the most famous one is Auschwitz concentration camp, which is known as the largest "killing factory" of German fascists in World War II.
Auschwitz concentration camp was the largest concentration camp built by Nazi Germany during World War II. It was built in April 1940, located in Auschwitz, 300 kilometers away from Warsaw, the capital of Poland. It consists of more than 40 concentration camps, large and small. During World War II, about 4 million to 5 million Jews, Gypsies, Soviet prisoners of war and progressives from all over the world died here, and its "highest record" was that 6,000 people were poisoned in one day.
After the arrested people are transported to Auschwitz by truck, the useful people will be sent to the munitions factory as free labor, while most Jews, children, women, the elderly or those judged useless will be immediately sent to the gas chamber to be poisoned. There are four gas chambers in the concentration camp and a crematorium has been built. From the outside of the gas chamber, you can't see its hidden evil at all. The gas chamber is covered with neat grass and flowers, giving people a feeling of birds singing and flowers fragrant. There is a sign "Toilet" hanging at the door.
When the arrested people first arrived here, they thought they were taken to the bathroom to wash their bodies or kill lice. When they entered the bathroom, a band of prisoners played light music. The members of these bands are all beautiful young girls selected from prisoners, wearing uniform white shirts and navy blue skirts.
Of course, the Nazis did not directly drive people from prison into the gas chamber, but first searched out all the valuable gold and silver jewelry on people, and then transported them to the German national bank and stored them in the account of the fascist SS, all of which were named "Max Heyliger", but this was a pseudonym.
In addition, in Auschwitz, women's hair will be cut off and transported to Germany to be woven into blankets. It is said that there were seven tons of hair in Auschwitz concentration camp when Germany was defeated and retreated. 1945 65438+1On October 27th, the Soviet Red Army conquered Auschwitz concentration camp. At this time, there were only more than 7,000 survivors in the concentration camp, including children 130. At this point, this "killing factory" that frightened the whole world during World War II was ended.
1July 2, 947, the former site of Auschwitz concentration camp was turned into a museum, witnessing the atrocities of German fascists. In order to witness this sad history, hundreds of thousands of people from all walks of life from all over the world go to the site of Auschwitz concentration camp every year to pay tribute to the innocent people who were persecuted to death by the German Nazis.
Text/on history
Background introduction of Auschwitz concentration camp
1939 After Germany occupied Poland, the German high command established a famous killing factory-Auschwitz concentration camp in Auschwitz, southern Poland, in order to better carry out ethnic cleansing. Since then, it has gradually become a creepy place. What the hell is going on here? Let's go and have a look.
In fact, as long as we look back at that era, it is not difficult to find that although Auschwitz was once only an extremely remote village, it has undergone fundamental changes since the German army established a concentration camp here. Surrounded by barbed wire, there are also gas chambers, laboratories and other killing places. The guards of this concentration camp were members of the SS who were famous for their brutality at that time.
So, since June 1940, countless innocent civilians and prisoners of war have been transported here from all over the world every day. When they get off the bus, their hair will be shaved off immediately, and then, words will be engraved on their left arms. In a word, their situation is similar to that of slaves in slave society. Of course, after arriving at Auschwitz, the first task is to work. Any "prisoner" who dares to refuse to work will be killed, and what's more, he will be sent to the gas chamber to be poisoned. Moreover, once punished, the process of punishment is very cruel, and the person who is beaten must personally report the number even if his life is dying. If a "prisoner" is beaten unconscious and can't report the number, he will be punished after he wakes up. Obviously, these fascists are guilty of heinous crimes.
Of course, the heaviest punishment in Auschwitz concentration camp should belong to those who try to escape. For example, a Czech named Buluo, when he found one of his classmates in the SS, repeatedly begged that classmate to help him escape, and made a lot of money with four other people and gave it to his classmate. However, the next day, when Buluo and four other people tried to escape as planned, they were found, so they were chased by SS soldiers and shot directly with submachine guns. Buluo's body was almost smashed into a sieve.
Of course, for "prisoners", perhaps the most cruel thing is not death, but being used by doctors in concentration camps for experiments. For example, a German military doctor named mengle has been conducting research on "twin biology" in concentration camps, and he wants to select some children sent to concentration camps for "scientific experiments". Once, a child he was studying died suddenly. He immediately found another child from the concentration camp and shot the child from the back of the head with a pistol. Then he ordered his assistant to explore the interior of the child and the interior of the dead child. What is the difference? Obviously, how cruel is this? No wonder some people in history called fascism an animal!
So after the war, according to some data, from 1940 when the first batch of "prisoners" arrived in Auschwitz to 1945 1, Auschwitz was attacked by the Soviet Red Army, and at least 4 million people were persecuted to death in Auschwitz, almost exceeding the total population of a small country. Among them, Poles and Russians accounted for more than 2 million.
In short, why is Auschwitz so creepy? Because, here, lives are ruined and fascists kill people as usual. Of course, that's why German fascists came to born to die!
Text/Lu Haifeng column
Historical research materials: Auschwitz concentration camp
In history, there will always be many painful events. The following is my collection of historical study materials "Auschwitz concentration camp" for everyone to learn.
Historical research materials: Auschwitz concentration camp
Auschwitz concentration camp is the largest of more than 1000 concentration camps built by German Nazis during World War II. Because millions of people were killed by German fascists here, it is also called the "death factory". The concentration camp is more than 300 kilometers from Warsaw, the capital of Poland. It is the general name of more than 40 concentration camps near Auschwitz in southwestern Poland.
The concentration camp was built by German Nazi commander Himmler in April 1940. It consists of three main parts: concentration camp 1, and the first batch of 728 Polish and German political prisoners was taken in June 1940. There are usually 65,438+03,000 to 65,438+06,000 prisoners here, with a maximum of 20,000 prisoners, including anti-Hitler political prisoners, prisoners of war from the invaded countries, Jews and Gypsies. These prisoners come from more than 30 countries including Europe, America and Asia. The concentration camp also held a prisoner from China with the number 18 1292. 194 1 After Germany invaded the Soviet Union in June, Soviet prisoners of war were sent there one after another for detention. The concentration camp No.2, which was built in 194 1 year1October, is officially called Birkenau. Birkenau is a place where German fascists used gas chambers to slaughter detainees on a large scale. Concentration camp 3, also known as Buner, is a large enterprise in Nazi Germany, responsible for the construction and production of synthetic rubber and gasoline, as well as coal mining and cement production in several smaller concentration camps.
German fascists set up special wards and laboratories in concentration camps to conduct "medical experiments" with living people, and also built four poisonous gas "bathrooms" for mass killings, as well as a corpse storage cellar and a cremation furnace. 1944, about 600 bodies were burned here every day. Cruel fascists even knocked out the victim's gold teeth before burning the body, peeled off the tattoo artist's skin to make a lampshade, and cut off the woman's long hair to weave a carpet.
In June 5438 +2005 10, the historian Piper of the National Museum of Auschwitz in Poland said according to his latest research results that during the four years of the existence of Auschwitz, * * * more than 6,543.8+3,000 people were imprisoned, of which more than 6,543.8+0,654.38+0,000 people died in the concentration camp. At that time, there were at least10.3 million Jews in Europe, of whom about 1. 1 10,000 were imprisoned in Auschwitz concentration camp. Piper pointed out that only about 200 thousand Jews were registered in Auschwitz concentration camp, and the rest were killed almost as soon as they arrived at the concentration camp. According to statistics, during World War II, the German Nazis slaughtered about 6 million Jews.
1945 65438+1On October 27th, the Soviet Red Army conquered Auschwitz concentration camp. At that time, there were only over 7,000 survivors in the concentration camp, including 130 children. On July 2nd, 1948, the former site of Auschwitz concentration camp was turned into a memorial hall for martyrs. From 65438 to 0979, UNESCO listed it on the World Cultural Heritage List to warn the world that "peace is needed, not war". In order to witness this history, hundreds of thousands of people from all walks of life from all over the world go to the site of Auschwitz concentration camp every year to pay tribute to the innocent people who were persecuted to death by the German Nazis. On June 24th, 2005, the 59th UN General Assembly held a special meeting to commemorate the 60th anniversary of the liberation of the Nazi concentration camp in Auschwitz. In March 2006, the Polish government applied to UNESCO to change the name of "Auschwitz concentration camp" in the United Nations World Heritage List to "Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp in former Nazi Germany" to emphasize that this concentration camp was established by German Nazis rather than Poles.
Memorial day of Nazi victims
65438+1October 27th is the "Memorial Day of Nazi Victims". 1996, the German government designated the liberation day of the Auschwitz concentration camp in Poland as the "Memorial Day for Nazi Victims". 1945 65438+1On October 27th, the Soviet Red Army liberated Auschwitz concentration camp in southern Poland. Auschwitz concentration camp was the largest concentration camp built by Nazi Germany during World War II. During World War II, German Nazis imprisoned millions of people here and slaughtered 1 65438+ 10,000 of them, most of whom were Jews. Auschwitz concentration camp has thus become an ironclad proof of ethnic cleansing in Nazi Germany, recording the darkest page in German history.
After World War II, the German government took various measures to make up for the war crimes committed by Nazi Germany. In addition to publicly confessing to the injured country, compensation was also paid to the injured country and the victims. 1970 65438+On February 7th, Brandt knelt down to the Jewish Martyrs Monument in Warsaw to mourn the Jews killed by German fascists and express his remorse on behalf of Germany. In order to remember the bitter lessons of Auschwitz concentration camp and prevent the resurgence of racism and Nazism, 1996, at the initiative of former German President Herzog, Germany designated 65438+1October 27th as the legal "Nazi Victims Remembrance Day". Since then, Germany will hold official commemorative activities on this day every year to educate people to remember Nazi crimes forever and prevent history from repeating itself. On June 1 65438+1October1day, 2005, the 60th UN General Assembly unanimously adopted the draft resolution submitted by 104, and decided to designate June 65438+1October 27th as "international holocaust remembrance day" every year.
Historical research materials: Balcen concentration camp
Bergen-Barzen concentration camp (also known as Balzen). Nazi concentration camp in Germany, near the villages of Belgen and Barzen, and 0/6 km away from Zeller/Kloc in Hanover. Founded in July, 1943, part of it is a prison camp and part of it is run by Jews. The designed capacity was 10000 people, but at the end of World War II, 4 10000 people were imprisoned. Although there was no gas chamber in this concentration camp, as many as 37,000 people died of hunger, disease, overwork and dirty living environment. The Nazis used bulldozers to bury the bodies in mass graves. Anne Frank Frank died in March 1945 in Belgen-Balzen concentration camp, and her wartime diary later caused a sensation all over the world.
During the five years of the existence of the concentration camp, the German Nazis killed about 70,000 detainees here. At first, it was a Soviet prison camp, and later it held political prisoners, homosexuals, gypsies and famous Jews. Nazi Germany hoped to exchange famous Jews for captured soldiers. From 1940 to 1945, about125,000 people were detained here, and about 70,000 detainees were killed.
Bergen Balzen concentration camp is located near Hanover in northern Germany. 1on April 5, 945, when the British liberated this concentration camp, they found about 60,000 bodies. The victim died of hunger and disease. During the five years of the existence of the concentration camp, the German Nazis killed about 70,000 detainees here. At first, it was a Soviet prison camp, and later it held political prisoners, homosexuals, gypsies and famous Jews. Nazi Germany hoped to exchange famous Jews for captured soldiers. From 1940 to 1945, about125,000 people were detained here, and about 70,000 detainees were killed.
1in the summer of 942, the Nazis began to expel Jews from the Warsaw ghetto to treblinka. At this time, the Nazi authorities have turned to Jews with neutral or hostile passports and put them in prisons in pavia, while Jews in other areas have been sent to gas chambers. Himmler, the leader of the SS, was also a member of the Committee for Strengthening the German National Empire. He is in charge of this operation, and his task is to secretly transport as many Germans as possible back to China. Himmler especially benefited from the descendants of the Templar Knights Templar of Wü rttemberg who moved to Palestine in 1868. Himmler intends to transfer these 2000 Germans to Crimea. In his view, under the scorching sun of Palestine, "this precious German descent will be destroyed". He suggested to the British, who were entrusted by the League of Nations to administer Palestine, that in exchange, the Nazis would release the Jews who held the trust zone passports.
What does Auschwitz mean?
What does Auschwitz mean?
Auschwitz concentration camp is one of the reform-through-labour camps and extermination camps established during Nazi Germany. About 1.65438+ ten thousand people were killed here, which is known as the "death factory". 1979 UNESCO listed it as a world cultural heritage.
Auschwitz concentration camp is located in the Polish town of Auschwitz, 60 kilometers southwest of Krakow. About 165438+ ten thousand people were killed in Auschwitz concentration camp, 90% of them were Jews. Auschwitz concentration camp has three battalions, namely 1, 2 nd and 3 rd. When the Soviet Red Army liberated the Auschwitz concentration camp, it found 7.7 tons of hair that the Nazis had no time to transport. And in Auschwitz, more than 150 pieces of equipment used by SS doctors to torture prisoners were found, which were called "relics of the darkest period in history".
1940, Nazi SS leader heinrich himmler ordered the construction of concentration camp No.1, which was the first concentration camp established in Auschwitz and the most important administrative center of the concentration camp. About 70,000 Polish intellectuals, Soviet prisoners of war and German homosexuals and criminals were killed here. Because everyone can become a labor force, all enterprises serving the German army are located here.