Question 2: How many colors does sapphire have? Green Safol
Color: green
Suitable for people: people with great pressure.
Moral: Calm and relieve emotions, and restore inner peace.
Lotus sapphire
Color: yellow, pink, orange
Suitable for the crowd: love * * *
Moral: Discover the romance and beauty of every moment.
Pink sapphire
Color: pink
Suitable for the crowd: new and new human beings
Moral: There are countless possibilities to live between colorful and cooked bread.
violet sapphire
Color: purple
Suitable for the crowd: collectors
Moral: Every collector's heart will stop when he hears it.
Yellow sapphire
Color: yellow
Suitable for people: art lovers.
Moral: Everyone has a sensitive heart.
Sunset red sapphire
Color: dark orange
Suitable for the crowd: senior women
Moral: Moral and elegance bloom together.
corundum
Color: white
Suitable for people:
Moral: Purity is sometimes stronger.
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Question 3: What are the blue gems? The more, the better. It's best to talk about price. Besides sapphires, there are many beautiful colored gems that can be used instead of sapphires. For example, cordierite (also called aquamarine), topaz, aquamarine, chalcedony and blue opal are all beautiful. It should be noted that the topaz on the market is beautiful, but the bare stones within four figures are basically discolored, because most topaz abroad are colorless and transparent, and because of the radiation problems that may be caused by discoloration, the topaz market is far less than before. If you are looking for a substitute for sapphire, I personally admire cordierite, which has stable properties and cannot be changed by artificial heat treatment. Secondly, the dichroism of cordierite is more wonderful and attractive than sapphire. In addition, its output is large, so the price is not expensive. Sapphire is also beautiful, but it can't be used instead of sapphire.
The price depends on the origin and quality. Like sapphires, if they are inferior Shandong Changle sapphires, they are mainly black and blue, and you can buy a lot of them for a few hundred pieces, but good quality Sri Lankan sapphires, even the cornflower sapphires in Kashmir, will fetch sky-high prices. Even the engagement ring on Princess Kate's hand is not a cornflower sapphire, which shows the color, purity and size of the gem. . . Every penny is worth a lot of money. However, good topaz can also be bought very expensive. Of course, it is very natural.
Question 4: Are all sapphires blue? What colors do you have? In addition to the beautiful blue, sapphire also has a huge branch-colorful sapphire. All corundum gems except red and blue are called colored sapphires. Because of the rich colors, people enter the dreamy fairy tale world. So Hong Kong people like to call it magic sapphire.
This information is taken from China colored gems Network. Burma, Sri Lanka, Kenya, Nigeria, South Africa and other countries all have sapphires of various colors. In recent years, colored sapphires have become more and more popular in the international market, especially in Japan, Europe and America. Among the colorful sapphires, the most famous and expensive one is the pink orange sapphire from Sri Lanka-PadParadsha. Some people in China call it Padparadscha Corundum corundum. In Sri Lankan, it means "lotus", which stands for holiness and life. The colors of this gem are pink and orange. The two bright colors complement each other and are very charming. Without any of these colors, it can't be called Padparadscha Corundum.
Padparadscha Corundum is not only very rare, but also very popular among Sri Lankans, who are unwilling to export it. This makes the number of precious stones that are already so rare enter the international market even less, and the chances for China people to see them are almost zero. In recent years, a small amount of pink-orange sapphire has been produced in Africa, but whether it can be called Padpardacha is still controversial internationally. The price of high-quality Padparadscha Corundum can be compared with the top sapphire. Pink sapphire is one of the gem varieties with the fastest price increase in recent years, and consumers in Japan, the United States and other countries have shown great enthusiasm for it. Pink sapphire is lighter in hue than ruby, and its color saturation is not very high. It presents a delicate bright pink color, but it is not very rich. In the colored sapphire family, its price is second only to Padparadscha Corundum, and the price of high quality is tens of thousands of yuan per carat. But if there is an obvious brown-gray tone, the value will be greatly reduced. The orange sapphire looks very beautiful, too. If orange is bright and reddish, it is very popular. Its beauty is comparable to that of Padparadscha Corundum, but its price is not as expensive as that of parparpardscha, but much higher than that of green and purple sapphires. Purple, green and yellow sapphires are not cheap if they are colorful. When the color of green sapphire is as green as emerald, the price will be high. However, these three colors of sapphires often have shades of gray and brown, which reduces the beauty and value of gems. In fact, colorful sapphires of any color, as long as they are bright and rare, are bound to be loved by people, and it is natural to have high value. Although these sapphires with dreamy colors, such as fireworks and sunset, are not as well known as red sapphires and sapphires, more and more people are beginning to join the team that loves and collects them. This information is taken from China colored gems Network.
Question 5: What color is sapphire blue? Ruby blue.
Question 6: What color is sapphire blue? Sapphire blue is a kind of blue, crystal clear, deeper and more purple than deep blue.
Question 7: What kinds of precious stones are there? Introduction of gem types
Gemstones are mostly single mineral crystals, which are transparent and faceted. Translucent to opaque ones are often processed into plain ornaments, and the back part has starlight and cat's eye effects. Diamonds, rubies, sapphires, emeralds and golden-green cat's eyes are recognized as five precious gems, which have the value of preservation and collection, and the rest belong to middle and low grade gems.
1, diamond
Mineral diamond is the hardest substance in nature and is known as the "king of gems". It is best to be colorless and transparent. Colorless and bluish diamonds are called "fire and water diamonds" and have the highest value. Pink, blue, green and gold are rare and precious. Produced in South Africa, Australia, Russian and China, Liaoning, Shandong and other places. Cullinan is the largest gem diamond in the world, which is produced in South Africa and weighs 3 106 carats. China's national treasure "Chang Lin Diamond" is produced in Shandong and weighs 158.786 carats.
2. Ruby
The mineral name corundum is a precious gem second only to diamonds, with a hardness of 9, second only to diamonds. Produced in Myanmar, Thailand, Sri Lanka and other Southeast Asian countries. Myanmar is the main producing area of high-quality rubies in the world, among which "pigeon blood red" is the best, followed by pomegranate red and rose red. Ruby is the birthday stone in July, symbolizing enthusiasm and noble character, and has been loved by the world for thousands of years.
3.sapphire
The mineral composition is the same as ruby, so it is called "sister gem". Sapphire in a broad sense includes all kinds of gem-grade corundum except red, and Indian-occupied Kashmir cornflower sapphire has the best quality, but it has been mined. Previously, high-quality sapphires were mainly produced in Myanmar and Sri Lanka, with bright sky blue as the best, followed by indigo blue and light blue, and also produced in Shandong, Jiangsu, Hainan and other provinces in China. For the birthday in September.
4. Emerald
As an beryl mineral, it is known as the "king of green gems" because of its special crystal emerald. It is said that its green beauty is beyond the reach of any green gem. Emeralds are the best, and high-quality emeralds are all produced in Colombia.
5, golden green cat's eye
The mineral name is chrysoberyl, and its hardness is 8.5, which is second only to diamonds and rubies. There are many colors such as cyan yellow, honey yellow, yellow brown, etc., with deep honey yellow as the top grade, produced in Sri Lanka. When it has a color-changing effect, it is called metamorphic rock (emerald), which is green in sunlight and red in incandescent lamp. It is also a precious gem.
6.opal
Mineral opals have gorgeous color changes. The five colors with rich colors, bright colors, more reds and even points are the best, with black opal being the best, followed by white opal and fire opal; Produced in Australia.
7.aquamarine
As a kind of beryl mineral, the seawater is blue, especially the color is strong and bright, and its value with cat's eye effect doubles. Produced in Xinjiang, Yunnan and other provinces (regions).
8. Spinel
Alias Dahongbaozi, there are often red, blue and other colors, and the red color close to ruby is more precious. Red hornblende is easily mixed with ruby. 1660 The crown of the king of England was inlaid with a red spinel named "black prince Ruby", which did not appear until the 20th century. High quality spinel is produced in Myanmar.
9. Olivine
Named for its olive green, the one that looks like grandma green is the best, followed by thick green and yellow-green. It is a birthstone in August, produced in Hebei and Jilin.
10, topaz color
Topaz is a mineral with hardness of 8 and many colors, among which wine yellow and red are the most precious and colorless is the worst. The common blue topaz in shops is artificially colored, but it is quite narrow. It is the November birthstone, which is produced in Xinjiang and Yunnan.
1 1, Ziya House
This is a garnet mineral. Because of the chemical composition of this group of minerals, there are many varieties and colors, among which emerald-like garnet and blood-red garnet are the best.
12, moonstone
It is a feldspar mineral. Its pale blue glow is quite like the moonlight on an autumn night, hence the name. High-quality moonstone is produced in Myanmar, and its halo is light blue, golden yellow and silvery white, with light blue and golden yellow halo being the best. If there is cat's eye effect and "pupil", the value will double, and it is a popular gem variety. Some scholars believe that the famous "Heshi wall" is the moonstone.
13, Pearl
Known as the "Queen of Gems". It is the secretion of pearl mussels, and the minerals have become aragonite. There are two kinds of pearls: natural pearls and cultured pearls, and the big and round ones are the top grade. The mariculture pearls in Hepu, Guangxi, China are world-famous.
Preliminary Identification of Ruby and Sapphire
Ruby is gorgeous in color, crystal clear, shining with precious light, dense and hard, without cleavage, and is deeply favored by people. In addition, there are few known ruby ore bodies, and the price has soared. Therefore, fake and shoddy products can be seen everywhere. Moreover, the artificial corundum technology is becoming more and more mature, so it is particularly important to identify true and false gems. The commonly used identification methods include hardness test, morphological observation and observation ...
Question 8: What is aquamarine? Aquamarine.
The English name of aquamarine is aquamarine, which comes from the Latin seawater "seawater". Legend has it that this beautiful gem is produced at the bottom of the sea and is the essence of seawater, so navigators use it to pray for navigation safety and call it "Shen Fushi". China gemstones call aquamarine "blue crystal".
Aquamarine, emerald and emerald are all called beryl in mineralogy, and they are all transparent beryl crystals. Beryllite is a silicate containing beryllium and aluminum, and its molecular formula is Be3Al2[Si6O 18]. The color of aquamarine is beryl from blue to sea blue or turquoise. Its color is mainly due to trace ferrous ions (Fe2+), and bright and flawless bright blue to light blue is the best. It belongs to hexagonal system. The common crystal morphology is hexagonal columnar, followed by hexagonal bipyramid, and the * * * body is mostly columnar. Glass luster, transparent to translucent. The refractive index is 1.567- 1.590, and the birefringence is 0.005-0.007. Polychromaticity is obvious, from blue to blue-green. The hardness is 7.5 and the density is 2.68-2.80g/cm3. Shell fracture. X-ray irradiation does not emit light. Good toughness.
The difference between aquamarine and similar natural and synthetic aquamarine. Natural gems similar to aquamarine include blue topaz and colored zircon, while synthetic aquamarine includes blue spinel and artificial glass. The best difference between topaz and zircon is the density: topaz is 3.59g/cm3, and zircon is 4.69g/cm3, which is obviously too high, and it feels heavy in your hand. Under the magnifying glass, zircon and topaz can show double shadows, while aquamarine is not very clear. Zircon has high dispersibility. Crystal morphology: topaz rhombic, zircon tetragonal. Although the colors of artificial glass and artificial blue spinel are similar, they are both isotropic and have no dichroism, which is the difference.
Evaluation and purchase of aquamarine. These factors are color, transparency and weight. Dark color, flawless and heavy are the best products. Aquamarine is characterized by sky blue, sea blue, glassy luster, few inclusions, cleanliness, transparency, weak dichroism and hexagonal columnar crystal morphology. Aquamarine is fragile, afraid of high temperature, high temperature and explosion, and will fade when baked in fire. Avoid impact when wearing, and stay away from fire sources.
Aquamarine has always been regarded as "the stone of the brave" and a symbol of happiness and eternal youth. Many countries in the world regard aquamarine as "the birthstone of March", which symbolizes calmness, courage and intelligence. Westerners believe that wearing aquamarine can make people have foresight. At the same time, it also has the power of hypnosis and suppression of evil and magical medical value. Water soaked in aquamarine can cure eye diseases, wheezing and coughing.
Aquamarine is mainly produced in the pegmatite deposit-sugar albite pegmatite, and the most famous aquamarine producing area in the world is in minas gerais, Brazil. Followed by Russian, China and other regions. It is reported that in 19 12, an aquamarine crystal with a length of 19 inch, a width of 16 inch and a weight of 243 pounds was found in Brazil, which was very transparent. It should be the largest aquamarine in the world so far.
Question 9: What is the best sapphire? How to judge? How to identify and choose sapphire
How to identify and choose all kinds of jewelry inlaid with sapphire can be described as brilliant. Wearing it in summer makes people feel cool, and wearing it in winter makes people feel the spring breeze around them. This is the charm of sapphire. When you choose a satisfactory sapphire jewelry, you will feel comfortable and satisfied. So, how to choose sapphire? First of all, it can correctly identify sapphire. The identification of sapphire is the same as that of ruby, which is divided into two steps. The first step is to distinguish sapphire from other sapphires; The second step is to distinguish between natural products and artificial products of sapphire ancient stones. Confused with sapphire are: blue spinel, kyanite, blue tourmaline, blue cone mineral, dong Qingshi, tanzanite and so on. Like ruby, the main difference between sapphire and other blue gems lies in hardness test. Because the Mohs hardness of sapphire is 9, second only to diamond, other possible substitutes and counterfeits are lower than it. For the polished product, the standard hardness of topaz and crystal can be used to determine the hardness, and whether it is sapphire can be roughly judged according to the hardness. In addition, according to other characteristics such as specific gravity and refractive index, substitutes that are easily confused with sapphire can be distinguished. Sapphire has a specific gravity of 3.97-4.08 and a refractive index of 1.766- 1.744. Blue spinel: hardness 8, specific gravity 3.6-3.8, and single refractive index generally 1.72. Blue spinel is gray-blue. No dichroism, unlike sapphire, is a more acceptable method. In addition, the blue spinel under the color filter is reddish; Synthetic spinel is orange tone, while sapphire does not change color. Synthetic spinels sometimes pass off as sapphires, because they contain cobalt and often flash red under strong light. Blue tourmaline: hardness 7, specific gravity 3.05, refractive index 1.62- 1.65, all lower than sapphire. Generally there is no reaction under the color filter. The tourmaline containing chromium presents a bright red appearance under the color filter. The blue of tourmaline is usually dark green and dark green indigo. Experienced people can recognize it at a glance. The refractive index and absorption spectrum are relatively acceptable. Tanzanite: hardness 6.5-7, specific gravity 3.5, refractive index 1.69- 1.70, produced in Tanzania. Zoisite is blue and transparent, and its components are calcium silicate and aluminum silicate. The color is 2% water and 0.02% sodium. It has developed cleavage surface and is not easy to cut and grind. The naked eye can clearly see three colors (dark blue, purple and light green), so tanzanite has obvious color changes from all directions, while sapphire is only dichroic. Dong Qingshi: Hardness 7, specific gravity 2.59, refractive index 1.54- 1.55, dull color, not as bright as sapphire, and strong trichromaticity. One direction is lovely purple and blue, and the other direction is light yellow. Compared with sapphire, it is very different in all aspects. Blue cone ore: hardness 5-5.6, specific gravity 3.67, refractive index 1.78. The refractive index is almost the same as sapphire. But the birefringence of 0.047 is much larger than sapphire. Its dispersion is much larger than sapphire, so its appearance is dazzling. Kyanite: hardness 4-6, specific gravity 3.69, refractive index 1.72. Hardness varies greatly in all directions. The blue crystal column is easy to split, not easy to cut and grind, and even if the cutting and grinding is successful, it is easy to form the appearance of phosphorus. This is easy to distinguish from sapphire. Dong Qingshi, blue cone mine and kyanite are generally treasures that collectors like very much, and they are rarely used as ornaments. After distinguishing sapphire from other sapphires, the second step of identification can be carried out, that is, distinguishing natural sapphires from candidate gems. Whether natural sapphire or artificial sapphire, its mineral composition is corundum, and their physical and chemical properties are very similar. This is to be identified by carefully observing its morphological characteristics and production line. Morphologically, raw natural sapphires often have hexagonal barrels or columns. On the other hand, artifacts look like upside-down or short carrot shapes, without clear edges and corners. In nature, the crystallization and weighing speed of natural sapphire is very slow, resulting in a "hexagonal growth line" parallel to the hexagonal crystal form, also known as the "hexagonal production belt". If there is only a part of this growth line, you can vaguely find parallel straight lines. All sapphires with parallel hexagonal growth lines or growth zones must be natural. Artificial sapphire is produced in a high temperature furnace, and the crystallization time is very short, so there is no time to arrange it regularly along the hexagonal direction. Instead, it is superimposed layer by layer on the surface of arc-shaped (cylindrical) gems, gradually forming a curved "arc growth line". Where is such an arc ... >>
Question 10: Where is the gem mine in China? 1. There are about 100 varieties of gem mineral resources in China, and there are more than 200 gem occurrences, almost all over the country.
The main gem varieties are: diamond, sapphire, ruby, zircon, garnet, aquamarine, tourmaline, olivine, topaz and so on.
However, several valuable gem varieties, such as jadeite, emerald, opal and jadeite, have not yet found valuable deposits.
2. There are 6 metallogenic belts in China Gem Mine.
Eastern coastal gem belt:
From Heilongjiang Province in the north to Hainan Island in the south, it is a region where precious stones are concentrated in China. Such as diamond deposits distributed in Fuxian, Liaoning, Mengyin, Shandong and Yuanjiang, Hunan; Sapphire, zircon and spinel deposits are distributed in Penglai, Hainan, Mingxi, Fujian, Liuhe, Jiangsu, Changle, Shandong, Kuandian and Heilongjiang. Besides, Xiuyu is also produced in this area.
B Tianshan-Altai gem belt:
Gems are mainly produced in pegmatite, and the most famous is pegmatite gem deposit in Altai, Xinjiang, which is rich in aquamarine, colored tourmaline, topaz and crystal.
Gem belts in Yinshan and its marginal areas;
Granite pegmatite, chronological vein and hydrothermal alteration zone controlled by east-west structure are also the main parts of gem production.
Especially aquamarine, garnet, green tourmaline, crystal, etc. Wrestling Tiger pegmatite, hibiscus stone, amethyst and crystal in Inner Mongolia. In Wulashan, bloodstone is in Bahrain Right Banner.
D. Kunlun-Qilian Mountain Gem Belt:
The famous nephrite in Hotan, Xinjiang and the jade in Qilian, Gansu are both produced here.
East Himalayan gem belt:
There are many precious stones in Yunnan, such as topaz, aquamarine, emerald, ruby and cassiterite.
Yunnan is one of the important gem producing areas and trading areas in China.
F Qinling gem belt:
Dushan jade and Miyu in Henan, especially the turquoise in Yunyang, Hubei, are world-famous jade varieties.
Malachite in Tonglushan, Hubei Province is also well-known in China.
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Excerpt from Geoscience Forum-China Geoscience Forum > Jewelry and Jade > World Gem Distribution.