The first thing is to know the difference between jade and stone. Stone is most easily confused with jade. The stone is artificially smelted, with loose structure and even green. Although it is deliberately uneven, it is unnatural. The broken part of the stone is bright, easy to wear and lose its light. The stones are light, and some have bubbles. Emerald is a natural mineral with compact structure and uneven green color, but it is natural, green and bubble-free. The broken part of jadeite is ballast, which has great hardness and weight.
The second is to know how to identify colored jadeite. Put the colored jadeite in nitric acid or sulfuric acid, and the green will fade after several hours. Put the colored jadeite on the iron at 70~80℃, and the green will fade after a few hours. These two characteristics can be used to distinguish colored jadeite from natural jadeite.
Third, we should know the difference between jade and green natural minerals: the green of natural minerals that are easily confused with jade is not as bright as jade, and their characteristics are different, such as jasper, most of which have black spots and the black spots are triangular. Australian stone, blue with blue head, impure color. Green agate, green flashing blue, uniform color, but turbid. Dongling stone, green flashing blue, flashing gray, with a small white star shining on the surface.
In addition, spectroscope is a key tool to distinguish dyed jadeite from natural green jadeite. 2. Some basic knowledge of identifying jadeite?
What is colored seedless?
Experts say that the transparency of jadeite is one kind, and planting well means high transparency. Some jadeites are bright and beautiful, but their transparency is poor. This kind of jadeite is colorless, so its value will not be very high. Because of the poor transparency, when the light hits its surface, it can't penetrate, but can only be reflected from the surface, and its green color can't be released through the light, which makes people feel that the color of this jade is rigid.
Good jadeite must be excellent in color and species.
What is Fu Lushou?
The color of jadeite is rich and colorful. In particular, there may be several colors on a piece of jade at the same time. If the same jade has green, red and purple, this jade is considered as a very auspicious symbol. On behalf of Fu Lushou and Sanxi.
Especially the three colors can be evenly distributed on the bracelet, which is even more rare. If it is colored, it will be valuable.
What is water head?
Shuitou is an expert's word, which refers to the transparency of jadeite. Experts call it a long head, on the contrary, the poor transparency is called a short head.
You must be very careful when observing the head of jadeite, because the transparency is related to the thickness of jadeite itself. Be especially careful that some jadeite products are hollowed out in the middle, because the hollowed-out jadeite is relatively thin and has much better light transmission performance. It seems that the head has grown a lot.
Relatively speaking, the higher the transparency, the better the jadeite, and of course the more expensive it is.
The germplasm of the glass saddle is transparent, indicating that the water head is sufficient.
What do you mean, Di Zi?
When we talk about jadeite germplasm, we often mention the species of jadeite seeds. The ground is also called the foundation, or "ground" for short, or "bottom", which refers to the basic part of jade except the green part, which is called the ground and represents the background color. There are the following types of common land.
Glass floor: white or other colors, as transparent and bright as glass.
Ice land: land that is slightly opaque than glass land, but as clear as ice.
Lotus root powder land: translucent land, the same color as cooked lotus root powder, often with some pink or purple.
Bean green land: opaque, yellow-green land. Generally, the grain is coarse and the texture is rough.
Porcelain floor: opaque, white, imitation porcelain floor, poor texture.
Oily land: translucent to transparent, gray-blue-green, although fine in texture, but dull in color is also inferior land. 3. Emerald: colorful, always fashionable
Most people tend to think that jade is green, but it is not. Jade is divided into red, yellow, white, black, gray, blue and purple in addition to the common shades of green, and each color has shades.
Generally speaking, green jadeite is bright in color, emitting elegance and luxury, and has been loved by people since ancient times. Therefore, the jadeite with the same quality has the highest value of green, and the bigger the green color block, the better. Even if it is green, there are green, grape green, bean green, turquoise green and emerald green, among which emerald green is the best.
A piece of jade coexists with many colors at the same time, which is not only rich in meaning, but also more precious. For example, the coexistence of red and green is called "double happiness", and the coexistence of red, green and purple is called "Fu Lushou". Together with yellow, it has become the "four happy events". If there is a white background, it is precious, and it is called "Five Blessingg".
If platinum jewelry is elegant and moving, diamond jewelry is noble and seductive, and K gold jewelry is glamorous, then jade jewelry, which is deep, crystal clear, subtle and mysterious, and meaningful, has become an indelible trend in fashion and an eternal fashion for Chinese people because of its implication of exorcism, protection, auspiciousness and wealth. 4. Buying jade is very learned
Emerald has the reputation of "the king of jade". High-quality jade should have the basic conditions of "good jade", "good water", "good land" and "good perfection". Insiders pointed out that the choice of jade jewelry can be distinguished from varieties (i.e. texture), colors (i.e. color), moisture (i.e. transparency), perfection and workmanship.
The first is to look at the seeds. Species refers to the texture of jade, preferably transparent and crystal clear. There are many kinds of jadeite, including old pit species and new pit species. The former has an early metallogenic age and a compact structure. The latter is looser than jade. In the old pit, the glass floor is the noblest, and the jadeite with this texture is crystal clear and pure, which is called the treasure of jadeite. Followed by ice land, as well as egg white land, bean land and other categories;
Secondly, look at the color, rich, bright, pure and even jadeite is better;
Third, look at the water head, that is, jade with high transparency and crystal clear is also a good product;
Fourth, looking at perfection, natural jadeite without cracks, cracks, impurities and variegated colors is better.
Fifth, look at the workmanship. The technological level of a work is also an element that consumers should pay attention to. Pay attention to whether its lines are smooth, whether it is polished smoothly, whether its layout is reasonable, whether it is vivid and natural, and so on. 5. Fine identification of true and false jadeite
As the saying goes, "Gold is valuable, but jade is priceless". Not only does it mean that jade is expensive, but it also means that jade is difficult to distinguish. Especially the jadeite jade on the market now is mixed. Goods a, b and c make people confused. If you are not careful, you may be cheated.
Goods A refer to natural jadeite whose color and texture have not been chemically treated, goods B refer to natural jadeite with poor texture which has been chemically treated to change its color and texture, and goods C refer to dyed natural jadeite.
According to reports, when consumers buy jade, they can look at the texture and color of jade with a magnifying glass 10 times. Generally speaking, the appearance of A goods is flat and smooth, while the texture of B goods and C goods is rough, with faint cracks, and the color is not pure and uniform enough; You can listen to the sound, the sound of A goods is crisp and rigid, and the sound of B goods is dull; Under the transmitted light, we can see that the goods B are opaque, the edge of the green color block is not clear, and the goods C are darker in the cracks.
But for those consumers who don't know much about jade, it's best to ask the authoritative testing department to identify it.
Industry insiders suggest that consumers may wish to buy brand jade jewelry from regular merchants, which not only has credibility protection, but also has perfect after-sales service. 6. How to identify the authenticity of jadeite?
In midsummer, many ladies wear jade bracelets on their wrists, which are elegant and classical, adding a beautiful scenery to summer. But in the face of many jadeites, how to distinguish between true and false jadeites? Let me tell you a good method.
Among many members of the jade family, jade is the most precious. It is a natural ore with extremely high hardness and little output. Its colors are mainly green and red. Red is scarlet and green is emerald, hence the name jade.
There are several methods to identify the quality of jadeite jade:
Look at the transparency of its texture first. Generally speaking, jadeite is transparent or transparent, and experts call it "old jade", which has the highest value. Translucent jade is called "new and old species", followed by price. Jade is opaque, and the dried jade is called "new kind of jade", which has low value.
The second is to look at the color. Jade is rich in colors, such as green, red, purple, gray, yellow and white, among which green is the most precious. According to the depth of green, it is divided into many kinds, such as ruby green, brilliant green and glass green 10. High-quality jadeite is green, rich, transparent, oily and free of impurities. When struck with a hard instrument, the sound is crisp and loud.
There are two kinds of fake jadeites in the market: imitation and coloring (that is, coloring).
Imitations of these materials are made of artificially fired glass. Its structure is loose, green is even and dark, and some have bubbles. When struck with a hard instrument, its voice is hoarse.
Colored jadeite is to heat colorless jadeite or white jade, put it into green liquid, and let green penetrate into tiny gaps. As soon as you get in the sun, you can see that its green color is all in the lines, which are messy and small. It is slightly lighter than real jade. The green color of Xuan jadeite is mostly yellow and blue, which is not as bright and beautiful as natural green, and will fade, turn yellow or turn blue over time. 7. Color appreciation of jadeite
The color of jadeite is extremely rich, which is an extremely important factor to evaluate the quality and value of jadeite. Among many colors, red, green and purple are the main ones, which are all high-grade colors in jade, especially green is the most gorgeous and precious. Therefore, the word "green" has almost become synonymous with jade. The depth, richness, transparency and flaws of jadeite green are often the most direct factors to judge the quality of a jadeite.
In the traditional color separation, people regard the green color of jadeite as "rich, sunny, handsome, positive and harmonious", and vice versa. The so-called "thick" means that the color of jadeite is dark green, green without black, and the lighter green is "light". "Yang" means that the color should be bright and bright, so that the eyes look bright, and dark but not bright is "Yin". "Qiao" means that the green color of jade should be crystal clear, beautiful and lovely, and vice versa. "Positive", the color should be pure, and there is no other noise. If it is variegated, it will appear "evil". "Harmony" and "green" should be consistent. If green is distributed in shades or filaments, it is called "flower".
Because of the different greens of jadeite, in order to distinguish these greens, the jewelry industry has given these different jadeite greens a most vivid and appropriate name. We can not only distinguish the varieties of jadeite from these names, but also see the cultural connotation of jadeite.
There are four kinds of top grade emerald green: emerald green, which is a deep green, yellow-free, transparent, elegant and solemn. Because of its emerald color, it is also called "emerald"; Glass green refers to bright green as transparent as glass, bright and bright, with good transparency; The seedlings are green, slightly yellow in green, with good transparency and lively colors. Because of its green color, it is also called "green onion" and "boxwood green". Brilliant green refers to moderate green without any yellow and blue, pure, transparent, beautiful and generous, which is called "green" in some places. These four kinds are the most precious, especially the emerald green. Others, such as Yangqiao Green, Ying Ge Green, Spinach Green, Shallow Water Green, Shallow Yang Green, Bean Green, Luffa Green, are not as good as Toad Green, Guapi Green, Plum Blossom Green, Grey Green, Blue Green, Oil Green and Wood Green.
The green color of jadeite vividly reflects the charming charm of jadeite and is a very important factor that constitutes the value of jadeite. What's even more amazing is that these greens have different shapes, such as banded greens, blocky greens of different sizes, and filiform greens, as well as other greens such as broken greens, uniform greens, and skin greens, which make emerald greens more unpredictable. In addition, experts often look for the law of green change according to the general direction of green, that is, the direction of green, so as to correctly judge the depth and thickness of green.
The color of jadeite doesn't simply exist, it is presented through the texture of jadeite. The first is its transparency. Transparency is the main technical basis for identifying gems and jade. The transparency of jadeite is also commonly known as "water head" or "water" in the jewelry industry. With high transparency, it is often said that the water head is sufficient, the water head is good and the water head is long. The more transparent, the better. Usually, the method of inspecting the head of jadeite is that if the light can penetrate the jade material to a depth of 3mm, it is divided into water, and if it can be divided into water twice, it can be considered that the jadeite is of high quality. According to different water heads, those jadeites with sufficient water heads, which are transparent or translucent, are called "old species". Old species, bright and moist color, integrated color and background, fine texture, high hardness, high density and high refractive index. Those that are opaque, dry, porcelain-like, with small water head, dull luster and poor quality are called "new species". Although the new species will also have fresh and tender colors, due to the poor head, it looks dull and dry. There is another species between old and new species, which is called "old and new species".
The factors that affect the color of jadeite include the bottom barrier. The bottom barrier can also be called the ground barrier and the ground tire. More refers to the dry texture of jadeite, or it can be said that there is no green jadeite, and jadeite is colored. The color of hippopotamus chef has no certain shape characteristics, and it is often colorless, white, gray, pale pinkish purple, light green, with different shades.
The texture of jade scorpion is determined by the fineness of its structure, water head and the number of impurities and cracks. There are dozens of names to describe the earth according to its color, head and cleanliness. Such as glass land, egg white land, clear water land, ice land, purple water land, grey water land, green land, fragrant ash land, lotus root powder land, lake green land, oil green land, blue and white land, muddy water land, white flower land, white sand land, grey sand land, lime land, rough white land, excrement land and leather bag water.
Common such as glass floor, exquisite structure, sufficient water head, green uniform, translucent, like glass; The crystal color of egg white land is white, just like egg white, which is full of water and translucent, also called waxy land; Clear water means that the earth is colorless or even in color, with sufficient water head and crystal clear as ice. Why? Quot "Ice land" and others, such as oil green land, lotus root starch land, dry land and excrement land, are getting worse and worse in water head and cleanliness and poor in quality.
Di Zi is an important basis for judging the quality of jadeite, and it is the first intuitive feeling for selecting and identifying jadeite. All collectors must know the ins and outs of it. Di Zi is called a "species" in Hong Kong and Taiwan.
Between the ground and the emerald color, there is also a mutual printing and dyeing layer called "reflection". Reflection plays a great role in the color of jadeite. Good reflection will make emerald crystal soft and the earth lubricated and blended; On the contrary, it makes Cuise and Di Zi look tough and stiff, with a completely isolated sense of rigidity. Therefore, the reflection directly affects the softness of jade color. Because of the importance of reflection, some people compare it to jade? Quot Reiki "This is not without reason.
The color of jadeite is also influenced by "ochre". This is well known among the people. In fact, it is all kinds of cracks in jade, big and small, fine and thick, and big cracks are evil, which is as big as sky-high prices. Small cracks include small broken locks, layered locks and vertical locks. Special locks include green locks and so on.
8. The four-word formula for judging the quality of jadeite green is "positive, positive, thick and even"
(1) "Positive" means green and pure, corresponding to "evil" hue. The so-called purity means that the main wavelength of green should be concentrated in the range of green wavelength, which is generally considered to be 530 ~ 510 mm. If the color wavelength is in the short wave direction, jadeite will be blue (for example, around 495 ~ 480 mm, it is called color cast or "evil" color); If the main wavelength of jadeite is long, it will turn yellow (for example, it reaches 540 ~ 545 mm). When the main wavelength range is wide, the color of jadeite is a mixture of many colors, and its color effect will not be very pure.
(2) "Yang" refers to the brightness of green, as opposed to "Yin". The "Yang" and "Yin" of jadeite color mainly refer to the lightness of its color. When the brightness is high, green will be more vivid, giving people a light and pleasant feeling. On the contrary, when the color of jade is dark and "turbid", the aesthetic feeling of jade will be greatly reduced.
(3) "Dense" refers to the shade and depth of emerald green, that is, the saturation of green, more strictly speaking, it refers to the percentage of green main wavelength light in the whole light wave composition. When the whole light wave is composed of green main wavelength light, its saturation is 100% (actually rare), and its green color will be very deep. On the contrary, when the relative percentage of green light in the whole light wave is very low, its green color will be deep.
(4) "Uniformity", also called "harmony", refers to whether the green distribution of jadeite is even and full. The green color of the top grade jadeite should be evenly distributed on the whole jadeite, which is called "full color". Therefore, the index of color uniformity should include two aspects, one is the quantity of green, and the other is the distribution of green.