Diamond structure: atomic crystal, carbon allotrope. Diamonds have an octahedral structure. C carbon atoms are interconnected by tetrahedral bonds, forming an infinite three-dimensional skeleton, which is a typical atomic crystal. Each carbon atom forms a valence bond with the other four carbon atoms through SP3 hybrid orbitals, forming a regular tetrahedron.

In crystallography, the diamond structure is also called diamondcubiclatticestructure, and the prototype is diamond. Each atom in the diamond structure forms a regular tetrahedron with four adjacent atoms, so the number of atoms in a single unit cell is 5. Besides diamond, crystals with diamond structure also include silicon, germanium and α-tin.

Extended data:

The prototype of diamond structure is the crystal structure of diamond. In diamond crystal, four valence electrons of each carbon atom hybridize by sp3 to form four identical atomic orbitals, and form valence bonds with the nearest four carbon atoms.

The angles between these four * * * valence bonds are all equal, which is about 109.28 degrees, which is an accurate value, thus forming a regular tetrahedron structure unit composed of five carbon atoms, of which four carbon atoms are located at the vertices of the regular tetrahedron, and 1 carbon atoms are located at the center of the regular tetrahedron.

Because the valence bond of * * * is not easy to deform and the bond energy of C-C is large, diamond has high hardness and melting point and good chemical stability. * * * electrons in valence bonds are bound in chemical bonds and cannot participate in conduction, so diamond is an insulator and does not conduct electricity.