For example:
In the late World War II, during the battle against Berlin, one night, the Soviet army had to attack the German army. But there were stars in the sky that night, and it was difficult for large troops to remain highly hidden from the enemy. Marshal zhukov of the Soviet Union thought for a long time, and it suddenly occurred to him that he made a decision: to concentrate all the large searchlights of the whole army. On the night of the attack on the Germans, Soviet 140 large searchlights fired at the German positions at the same time. The strong light blinded the Germans hiding in the fortifications and could not see anything. Only when you are beaten, you have no strength to fight back. The Soviet army quickly broke through the German line and won.
The characteristics of reverse thinking: it is reverse. Reverse thinking is a way of thinking that changes conventional thinking and does the opposite.
The forms of reverse thinking: principle thinking, function reverse, structure reverse, attribute reverse, program reverse or direction reverse, concept reverse.
Principle inversion: think from the opposite direction of the principle of things. For example, the birth of the thermometer, Italian physicist Galileo once designed a thermometer at the request of a doctor, but failed many times. Once when he was giving an experiment class to a student, he noticed that the temperature change of water caused the volume change of water, which made him suddenly realize that, in turn, the temperature change of water could be seen from the volume change of water. Following this train of thought, he finally designed a thermometer other than that at that time.
Function reversal: think in the opposite direction according to the existing function of a thing or product. Such as: wind fire extinguisher. Now when we put out the fire with machetes, there is a wind fire extinguisher among the fire extinguishers used by firefighters. The wind blows, the temperature drops, the air is thin, and the fire is blown out. Generally speaking, wind helps fire, especially when the fire is relatively strong. But in some cases, wind can put out small fires, and it is quite effective.
Structural inversion: it is a reverse thinking based on the structural mode of existing things, such as the inversion and replacement of structural position. For example, there is a housewife in Japan who is annoyed that she always sticks to the pot when frying fish. Fried fish are often rotten and have no slices. One day, while frying fish, she suddenly had an idea. Can you heat the bottom of the pot and the top? After many attempts, she thought of installing wires in the pot cover to heat it from above, and finally made a satisfactory fish frying pan without pasting the pot.
Attribute inversion: think from the opposite direction of things' attributes. For example, in 1924, French youths Ma Erkai and Brewer put forward the idea of making furniture with hollow materials instead of solid materials, and became outstanding representatives of new architects and product designers. Reverse TV.
Reverse procedure or direction: to think by reversing the composition order and arrangement position of existing things. For example, changing overhead welding to overhead welding: the initial hull welding is carried out in the same fixed state, so many parts must be overhead welded. The strength of overhead welding is high, and the quality is not easy to guarantee. The welding sequence was later changed. When assembling and welding the segmented hull structure, the part that needs overhead welding will not be constructed temporarily. When welding other parts, the hull is turned over and the overhead welding is changed to prone welding position, which ensures the quality and speed of assembly welding.
Reverse ideas: different ideas; Different behaviors; The harvest is different. Have the same thoughts and similar behaviors; Similar behavior, the same harvest. This is not a word game, it is intended to show how important ideas are. If you want to have extraordinary gains, you must have your own unique ideas. For example, a partner lost more than $6,543,800+in business. He didn't complain, but said in a praise tone: well done. If it were me, I might lose more.
The method of reverse thinking: reduction analysis and reverse use of shortcomings.
Reduction analysis method: it refers to an innovative method that temporarily puts down the current problem, returns to the starting point of the problem, analyzes the essence of the problem, and thus finds another way. Such as prospecting methods. In order to reduce the blindness of drilling, it is found that some plants have characteristics: wild roses in copper mines are blue, and honeysuckle vines in gold mines and silver mines are particularly lush. Therefore, people first analyzed the parameters of plants, then reduced drilling, and invented the plant prospecting method.
The reverse usage of shortcomings: refers to the method of making use of the shortcomings of things to innovate. Master Tianyi has three disciples. The eldest disciple is a lazy man. Once his ass is seated, you can't expect him to stand up later. Second, disciples are naturally active and can't stand the quietness of the temple. Three disciples hate chanting, but they like listening to birds sing. Tianyi vowed to make this arrangement: let the big disciple ring the bell and drum in the morning and sit in the classroom to recite the scriptures every day; Let the second disciple drag the bowl to the bottom of the mountain for alms; It shows that there are trees everywhere in the temple of the Three Disciples, so that hundreds of birds can build nests.
Some classic cases of reverse thinking;
The story of Yu Gong moving mountains:
The story of Gong Yu moving mountains is a household name in China. The spirit of Yugong Yishan has educated generation after generation. Especially when encountering difficulties, many people will think of the story of Yu Gong, and firmly believe that as long as they stick to the end like Yu Gong, they will succeed.
60 years is fleeting. Today, great changes have taken place in China's economic situation and development tasks. Do we still need the spirit of "Yu Gong Yi Shan" in our times?
Looking at Yu Gong from the present point of view, some people may think like this:
Why doesn't he? Moving? And then what? A few people carry their luggage over mountains and mountains, and they can reach Luoyang, Zhengzhou and Xi 'an in a short distance. If the city is too noisy, you can also settle in a rich village in the North China Plain.
Why didn't he ask the leader to solve it? Two big mountains must have blocked his way out. So, he can report to the township head and county magistrate. If we can get the national project funds, we can also package the next project.
Some people also say that, in this way, Yu Gong is not? Gong Yu? , is not a respected person, worth learning. Gong Yu's spirit of moving mountains is valuable because he thinks what ordinary people dare not think, does what ordinary people can't do, and makes efforts that ordinary people can't pay. The spirit of foolish old man is still worth learning in contemporary times.
Learn from Yu Gong, learn from him? Take the initiative to dig mountains? The spirit of. In front of us, there are many more? Mountain? . For example, the backward western region, grass-roots units and hard industries need someone to go? Dig? . Nowadays, many college graduates take the initiative to be contemporary? Gong Yu? They also know that big cities have high economic benefits and good living conditions, but they still rush to grassroots, western and hard places without hesitation. Because they understand? Moving? You can change your living environment, but you can't change the backwardness of hard areas.
Learn from Yu Gong, learn from him? Dig a mountain yourself? The spirit of. Gong Yu may be able to give the leadership, the collective and future generations the responsibility of starting a mountain. No one will ask for one. Ninety years old? Old people to finish this? An impossible task? . But Yu Gong didn't do it. He said: you and I managed to cross the south of Henan and reach Hanyin, but after unifying our family's thoughts, we immediately put them into action, worked hard on our own.
Learn from Yu Gong, learn from him? Continue to cut the mountain? The spirit of. It is not difficult for a person to move a stone, but it is difficult to move a stone all his life, and future generations will always move a stone. There will be many difficulties in the process of mountain opening. For example, eating, dressing, tools, getting hurt, gossiping, doing earth-shattering good deeds without asking for anything in return and so on. However, no matter what problems encountered, Gong Yu did not waver, but was determined to dig mountains.
The essence of Gong Yu's spirit of moving mountains is faith, faith, confidence and hard work. Only with correct belief, firm belief and sufficient confidence can we fight for the great cause for life. The success of a career is inseparable from hard work. Today, when we study "A Mountain of Yugong", we should, like Yugong, face up to difficulties, seek truth from facts and strive for strength. With such momentum, there will be no insurmountable difficulties and no impossible career.
On the other hand:
An interesting question is this: There are four identical bottles. How to place them so that the distance between any two bottle mouths is equal? Maybe we haven't found the answer for a long time. So, what is the solution? Originally, put three bottles on the vertices of a regular triangle and put the fourth bottle upside down in the center of the triangle, and the answer came out. Put a fourth bottle? The other way around? What an image of reverse thinking!
1 USD:
One day, Jewish millionaire Harder walked into the loan department of Citibank in new york. Seeing that this gentleman is very proud and luxuriously dressed, the manager of the loan department dare not neglect him, so he quickly said hello:
"What can I do for this gentleman?"
"Oh, I want to borrow some money."
"Ok, how much do you want to borrow?"
"1 USD."
"Only $65438 +0?"
"Yes, just borrow 1 USD, ok?"
"Of course, a gentleman like you can borrow more as long as there is a guarantee."
"How about these guarantees?"
The Jew said, and took out many jewels from the luxurious leather bag and piled them on the table.
"Well, this is a jewel worth $500,000. Is this enough? "
"Of course, of course! But all you have to do is borrow $65438 +0? "
"yes." The Jews received 1 dollar and were ready to leave the bank.
The president of the branch watching from the sidelines is a little silly at this time. He couldn't figure out why Jews borrowed 1 dollar with a mortgage of $500,000. He hurried up to the Jew and said, "Sir, please wait a moment. You have jewels worth half a million dollars. Why only borrowed 1 USD? If you want to borrow $300,000 or $400,000, we will also consider it. "
"Ah, the thing is this: before I came to your bank, I asked several vaults, and the rent of their safes was very expensive. And your rent here is very cheap, only 6 cents a year. "
Rent a house:
The family decided to move into the city and look for a house.
There are three people in the family, two couples and a five-year-old child. They ran all day, until at night, they finally saw an advertisement for serviced apartment.
They hurried to the house, which was unexpected. So, I knocked on the door to ask.
At this time, the gentle landlord came out and looked at the three guests from top to bottom.
The husband summoned up his courage late and asked, "Is this house for rent?"
The landlord said regretfully, "Oh, I'm really sorry, but we don't recruit tenants with children in our apartment."
The husband and wife didn't know what to do at the moment and walked away silently.
The five-year-old child saw the whole story from beginning to end. That lovely heart is thinking: Is there really no way out? His little red hand knocked on the landlord's door again.
At this time, the husband and wife have walked out of 5 meters and looked back.
The door opened and the landlord came out again. The child said happily, "Grandpa, I rented this house. I have no children, I only brought two adults. "
The landlord laughed and decided to rent the house to them.
Exercise questions:
Please find something that bothers you. What is it for?
Answer the question from the front. A fire broke out at work. Lost 50 yuan in the mall. Often? Wrong choice? People.
Answer the question from the opposite side. Men are stronger than women. I won a washing machine in the lottery. Adversity makes talents.
Transform products by reducing the shortcomings of analysis or reverse utilization.