Some of the jewels in Old Town of Lijiang Yuyuan Garden are real and some are not. You'd better bring a friend who knows the goods to take a look at it for you.

1, see transparency: transparency can be used to understand the quality of gems. Generally speaking, the higher the transparency of the same gem, the more precious it is. Transparency can also be used to distinguish gems with similar colors but different kinds. For example, spinel and cinnabar root are similar in color, but spinel is transparent, and some cinnabar roots are opaque or translucent. So are topaz and sapphire. Topaz is a transparent crystal, and sapphire is divided into transparent, translucent and opaque. Olivine is a transparent crystal, while some jasper varieties with similar colors are opaque.

2, look at the luster: the luster of a gem is an important basis for naked eye identification, and a satisfactory refractive range can be roughly judged. Gloss is determined by refractive index and smoothness of polished surface. The stronger the luster of an unknown gem, the higher the refractive index. The refractive index of semi-diamond gemstones belongs to the high refractive index range on the refractometer scale, while the refractive index of glass gemstones is in the friction range, while the refractive index of semi-diamond gemstones is in the lower range.

Jade, jadeite and Burmese jade are all kinds of jade. The correct definition of jadeite is fibrous aggregate composed of pyroxene minerals, mainly jadeite minerals. But jade is not equal to jade. Jadeite is a kind of stone polycrystalline aggregate that reaches the jade level under geological action. It is mainly composed of jadeite or jadeite, sodium (sodalite) and sodalite (omphacite), and may contain amphibole, feldspar, chromite and limonite. In ancient times, jade was a bird that lived in the south. Its coat color is very beautiful, usually blue, green, red and brown. Generally, the male of this bird is red = color, which is called "flying", and the female is green, which is called "Cui". "Tengyue Local Records" written by Inch Kaitai records: "Tengyue was collected by jade workers, made into utensils and sold in Yunnan and Chongqing provinces. Top grade jadeite is mostly sent to eastern Guangdong, Shanghai, Fujian, Zhejiang and Kyoto. By the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, there were more than 100 jade workshops and more than 3,000 jade carving craftsmen in Tengchong alone. Most of the "ships" sold in Yunnan Province are sent to Meng Gong and Myitkyina, Myanmar. These places produce jadeite in the "Inch Kaitai, Tengyue Local Records" in eastern Guangdong, Shanghai, Fujian, Zhejiang and Kyoto, which is only150km away from the Yunnan border in China. During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, this place was once under the jurisdiction of Yongchang Prefecture (now Baoshan City, Yunnan Province). Due to historical reasons, jadeite, known as the "Oriental Treasure", has been imported into China through border cities such as Tengchong and Ruili for four or five hundred years.