Shi Jingtang and Tang Jingfu were born in Fenyangli, Taiyuan in the first year (892). He is the second child in his family. He was quiet since he was a child, and liked reading books on the art of war. He worshipped Li Mu, a famous soldier of Zhao in the Warring States Period, and Zhou Yafu, a famous soldier of Han Dynasty. Li Siyuan, then the secretariat of Daizhou, attached great importance to him and married his daughter to him. Li heard that he was good at riding and shooting, so he promoted him to his side. Li Siyuan asked to transfer him to the army, and Li agreed. Li Siyuan asked him to lead his elite cavalry "Left Shooting Army", known as the "Third World War Army", and regarded him as a confidant.
After that, Shi Jingtang followed Li Siyuan everywhere and became a soldier of Li. In the second year of Zhen Ming of the Back Beam (9 16), when Herry Liu, the general of the Back Beam, went to war, Herry Liu attacked Li, who had not yet retired, and the military situation was critical. Shi Jingtang immediately led more than a dozen pro-troops into the enemy lines, killed the east and attacked the west, and the right wing made a dash, which blocked the enemy's offensive and covered Li's retreat. Afterwards, Li praised him for his bravery and caressed his back and said, "It is a good thing that a general has the talent of a general." He got the property and the cake himself. Shi Jingtang became famous.
Besides saving Li, Shi Jingtang also saved his father-in-law Li Siyuan many times. In the third year of Liang (9 17), Li, Li Siyuan and Liu Zhi fought in Shencheng, and Li Siyuan and Shi Jingtang were arrested. Shi Jingtang stood up and waved his sword, struggled back and forth, ran for dozens of miles, and defeated Herry Liu. In the fourth year of Liang Zhenming (9 18), when Jin Jun and Liang Wudi general He Gui fought fiercely for the Yellow River, Jin Jun first captured Liu Yang Town (now northeast of East Shandong), but Li Siyuan was ambushed by Herry Liu. At the critical moment, he led the army behind the house, desperately covered his retreat and was able to lead the troops to break through. Soon after, jinliang fought in Liu Hu again. Due to Li's adventure, General Zhou Dewei died unfortunately. Shi Jingtang led the left-wing army to reorganize the army with Li Siyuan, and completely annihilated the post-Liang Jun.
After the first year of Liang Long (92 1), Shi Jingtang followed Li Siyuan to defeat the Hou Liang general Dai Siyuan in Desheng and beheaded more than 20,000 people. Two years after Liang Long (922), he fought in Hulutao, and the troops in the later Tang Dynasty gradually retreated. Shi Jingtang met the elite of the enemy, pulled out his sword, fought his way out, and protected Li Siyuan with his body to retreat. The enemy looked at him and no one dared to stop him.
In the third year of Liang Long (923), Shi Jingtang followed Li Siyuan to observe Yangcun, but his men had no armor. Suddenly, the enemy attacked Li Siyuan by surprise, and the weapon was going to stab Li Siyuan in the back. Shi Jingtang rushed forward with Zhan Ji in his hand, and with a hard blow, several vicious enemies rolled down from his horse, and Li Siyuan was saved from death. This year, at the end of the Tang Dynasty, Emperor Li ascended the throne in Yecheng, and changed his country name to the same light. Li Siyuan was sent to cross the Yellow River alone to attack Yunzhou. The Yuns didn't notice them at first. Shi Jingtang led fifty cavalry to follow Li Siyuan through the water, raided the East Gate and entered the city. Troops came to stop, Shi Jingtang was stabbed by a knife, still protecting Li Siyuan like a wing guard, and deployed troops on the avenue, persevering, until the subsequent cavalry arrived one after another, only to capture the center of Yuncheng and occupy Yuncheng. Then the Bianshui was pacified, and the imperial clan of Houliang was destroyed, so that Zhuang Zong unified the whole country and established immortal achievements for Li Siyuan. Among them, Shi Jingtang and Li Congke contributed the most, and Master Zhuang's position in Shi Jingtang was not prominent, because he didn't like to flaunt himself, which only Li Siyuan knew. Shi Jingtang not only saved his father-in-law, Li Siyuan, on the battlefield, but also analyzed the situation and pointed out the maze for Li Siyuan when he encountered political problems. The most prominent thing in this respect is to persuade Li Siyuan to conform to the times and pursue the mercy position during the mutiny.
In the fourth year of Tongguang in the later Tang Dynasty (926), Zhao rebelled and the court sent Yuan Hangqin to surrender, but failed. Everyone said that Zhao could not surrender unless Li Siyuan surrendered, so Li appointed Li Siyuan as commander-in-chief and sent him to suppress it. But in Weizhou (now Daming North, Hebei Province), his own army also mutinied, and Li Siyuan was asked to be emperor in Hebei. Li Siyuan had no second thoughts about Li and accepted Huo's advice. At this moment, he really wants to go back alone and tell Li the truth. Shi Jingtang strongly opposed his unwise behavior. He said, "Is there any reason why when an army mutinies, its commander will be fine?" ? Besides, indecision is a taboo for military strategists, so it is better to go south quickly while taking advantage of the situation. I would like to lead 300 cavalry to attack the border state first, which is the key to winning the world. If you get it, you can achieve great things. "Li Siyuan just woke up and immediately sent him to lead the troops first, and then follow up. Shi Jingtang crossed the Yellow River in Liyang (now Xunxian County, Henan Province) and occupied Bianzhou. When Li Siyuan entered Bian Cheng, Zhuang Zong personally led his troops to the northwest of Wuli Road, far away from Bian Cheng. Zhuang zong boarded the high city and sighed, "I can't achieve great things!" So the soldiers who followed Zhuang Zong fled in succession to surrender to Li Siyuan. Li Siyuan immediately sent Shi Jingtang to lead the troops as a striker and went to Surabaya Pass. Soon after, Zhuang Zong died of civil strife. In the same month, Li Siyuan settled in Luoyang to commend Shi Jingtang's contribution and was promoted from the general manager's office to the Shaanxi provincial government. Finally, Li Siyuan ascended the throne as expected by Shi Jingtang.
Shi Jingtang was also awarded the title of "Building a Heroic Strategy by Exhausting Loyalty" for his work. It was also awarded the title of "Our Shaanxi Province (now Sanmenxia City, Henan Province) Garrison". In February (927), the second year of Tiancheng in the late Tang Dynasty, he was given the title of the founding father. 10, he was appointed as the imperial ambassador to quickly quell the rebellion of our ambassador Zhu Shouyin in Bianzhou. Because of his achievements, he was promoted to be the ambassador of our Xuanwu Army, the commander-in-chief of the bodyguard and the deputy ambassador of the Sixth Army, and was awarded the title of "Yao Zhong, the hero of Baoding Festival". In the third year of Tiancheng in the late Tang Dynasty (928), Tai Fu, Tongzhong Shumen Pingzhang, Xing Tang Yin, Ye Du, Tian Xiongjun, Xu, etc. At the end of the Tang Dynasty, in the first year of Changxing (930), it was named Chaqiu. In September, Dong Zhang rebelled in Dongchuan, and Shi Jingtang was appointed as Dongchuan Hangying and was in charge of Dongchuan Hangfu affairs. The following year, due to the impassability of Shu Road, food transportation could not be provided, and the army was ordered to return to North Korea. In April, he served as deputy ambassador of the Sixth Army. In June, he was appointed as our military envoy to Heyang, and he still holds the relieving power.
In the fourth year of Changxing in the late Tang Dynasty (933), Li Congrong, the king of Qin, fought invaders from northern Khitan, Tubo and Turkic, and needed a general to command the border guards. Ministers believe that only Shi Jingtang and Kang Yicheng can undertake this important task. Shi Jingtang didn't want to be an imperial lieutenant, so he volunteered to go north. 1 1 4th, Shi Jingtang was appointed as Shi Zhong, Taiyuan Yin, Beijing Liushou, Hedong our time, and concurrently served as the general manager of Datong, Zhenwu, Weisai and other places. Instead, he was named as a "hero of Ningguo" and mastered the military and political power of Hedong, the birthplace of the late Tang Dynasty. The next day, in Zhongxing Temple, Shi Jingtang raised a glass to celebrate Mingzong's birthday. Then he said, "Although I am very young and timid, I can't be faithful when I think about the border issue. It's just that I'm far away in Kyoto and I haven't seen the emperor for a long time, so I can't declare it at any time. " Shi Jingtang said goodbye again. Mingzong's skirt was wet with tears, and the ministers around him wondered if the emperor was too sad. Later, as expected, he never saw Shi Jingtang again. /kloc-in February, after Li Siyuan died, Shi Jingtang was as sad as losing his parents when he heard the news. In the first year of Yingshun in the later Tang Dynasty (934), Li Conghou succeeded to the throne as Emperor Min in the later Tang Dynasty. Shi Jingtang was granted a secretariat order, transferred to Zhou Zhen (now Zhengding, Hebei Province) as the German army's time, and Li Congke of Shaanxi was appointed as the Hedong time. Li Congke therefore launched a mutiny in Qiyang, and finally tearfully asked the soldiers sent by Li Conghou to suppress him to surrender to him, and then led the troops to Luoyang. Li Congke asked Shi Jingtang to discuss military affairs. Shi Jingtang met Li Conghou who escaped from Luoyang on the road, and Li Conghou's entourage suspected that Shi Jingtang didn't protect Li Conghou. After close combat, Shi Jingtang killed all Li Conghou's followers, then imprisoned Li Conghou and defected to Li Congke. Finally, Li Congke sent someone to kill Li Conghou.
After Li Congke succeeded to the throne, Shi Jingtang was appointed as the ambassador of Taiyuan and stayed at both capital city, and served as the commander-in-chief of the four armies of Datong, Zhenwu, Zhang Guo and Weisai. Although Shi Jingtang helped him get rid of the future trouble of Li Conghou, he didn't trust him, but regarded Shi Jingtang as the biggest threat. Do everything possible to transfer him from the east of the base area.
After Shi Jingtang went to Beijing to attend Li Siyuan's funeral, he didn't dare to ask to go back. He was worried that Li Congke would get suspicious, so he was moping all day. Plus, he was sick at that time, and finally he was all skin and bones, unlike people. His wife Li quickly pleaded with his mother, Empress Dowager Cao, and asked Li Congke to let Shi Jingtang go back. Li Congke is not the biological son of Queen Cao, but Queen Cao has treated him as his own since he was a child. Seeing Shi Jingtang's illness like this, it is estimated that it is difficult to pose any threat, so she decided to show her personal feelings and let Shi Jingtang return to Hedong. Unexpectedly, this time it turned out that the tiger returned to the mountain and the later Tang Dynasty died in his hands.
After Shi Jingtang returned, he was even more cautious. His wife Li once went to Li Congke's birthday party and wanted to come back early. Li Congke said to her drunkenly, "Are you in such a hurry to rebel with Shi Lang?" Li came back and told Shi Jingtang, which made Shi Jingtang more convinced that Li Congke was suspicious of him, because people who drink often say things they don't usually want to say. From then on, Shi Jingtang began to make full preparations for the future. On the one hand, he pretended to be sick in front of visitors from Beijing, saying that he had no energy to govern local government affairs, thus paralyzing Li Congke; On the other hand, he asked Li Congke for a large number of shops several times in the name of the Khitan invasion of the border, saying that it was hoarding to prevent the enemy from invading, but it was actually for the future. Li Congke was kept in the dark by him and cheated many times, but Shi Jingtang's men saw it. When the imperial court sent people to comfort the soldiers, someone shouted "Long live" and wanted to make Shi Jingtang emperor as a reward. Shi Jingtang was afraid that things would get out, so he killed 36 leading soldiers.
In order to prevent future changes from being caught off guard, Shi Jingtang decided to test Li Congke, so he wrote to pretend to resign as the head of the horse infantry and let him take his time elsewhere. If Li Congke agrees, it proves that he doubts himself. If you appease him, it means that Li Congke didn't mean to hurt him. However, Li Congke still listened to the idea of Minister Xue. Xue said to him, "The transfer of Hedong should also be reversed. If you don't transfer, you will be reversed. It won't take long. It is better to start first. " In May (936), the third year of Qing Tai in the late Tang Dynasty, Shi Jingtang was appointed as our ambassador to Yunzhou, and was awarded the title of "Contributing to Heaven's Blessing".
Then the imperial edict urged Shi Jingtang to go to Yunzhou to take office, which stimulated Shi Jingtang to send three-dimensional Han to collude with Qidan to make king of the children, leaving him with eternal infamy. Shi Jingtang pretended to be sick first, and then let Li Congke give way to Yi Lee, Li Siyuan's own son, saying that Li Congke was an adopted son and should not inherit the throne. Li Congke ordered the recall of all Shi Jingtang's official posts, then sent troops to crusade and ordered Zhang Jingda to lead troops to attack Taiyuan. An Zhongrong, An Yuanxin and An Lingbing helped each other, and Zhang Wandi and others led the troops to surrender. This month, the army outside the city stormed, and Shi Jingtang personally resisted the arrow stone. Although the heart is firm, the food in the warehouse is gradually lacking. Shi Jingtang had a plan, Enemy at the Gates, and it was out of his depth. He intends to ask Yelvdeguang, the emperor of Qidan, for help, and promised him to cede sixteen states of Youyun to Qidan, and pay a large amount of property every year, calling himself the country of children. Liu Zhiyuan (post-Emperor Gaozu) thought that the conditions were too humiliating and there was no need to promise so much, but Shi Jingtang went his own way with the support of Sang Han Wei.
Yeludeguang, who was worried that he had no chance to go south, was overjoyed. He immediately led the troops from Yanmenguan south to save Shi Jingtang, and finally attacked the army of the later Tang Dynasty, killing more than 10,000 people. In November (936), the first year of Tianfu in the late Jin Dynasty, Shi Jingtang, the book of Yeludeguang, Emperor Taizong of Liao Dynasty, proclaimed himself emperor, changed to Tianfu in Yuan Dynasty, and was awarded a title by the Lord of Qidan. Shi Jingtang was then located in Liulin (now southeast of Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province). Shi Jingtang ceded sixteen states of Youyun, that is, a large area of Hebei and northern Shanxi today, to Qidan. The sixteen states are: You (now Beijing), Ji (now Jixian in Tianjin), Ying (now Hejian in Hebei), Mo (now Renqiu in Hebei), Zhuo (now Zhuoxian in Hebei), Tan (now Miyun in Beijing), Shun (now Shunyi in Beijing), Xin (now Zhuolu in Hebei) and Gui (phonology). Shi Jingtang called Yelvdeguang, ten years younger than him, the father emperor, and then gave three hundred thousand silks every year. What was condemned by later generations was mainly the cession of land, which not only made the Central Plains lose a large territory, but also made Qidan easily occupy the prominent areas around the Great Wall. From then on, the Khitan can go straight into the Yellow River basin, with no natural resistance barrier in the middle, which has brought endless disasters to the people of the Central Plains. In fact, not only the state of 16 was lost, but also Pingzhou was lost during the reign of Li Siyuan, and Ningzhou and Yingzhou were captured by the Khitan in the war to destroy Hou Liang in the later Tang Dynasty. In addition, after Du Zhongwei surrendered at the end of Jin Dynasty, Yeludeguang sent Geng Chongmei to lure him in, Guo Gu, the secretariat of Yizhou, was killed, and Yizhou was also occupied by Qidan.
Liu Zhiyuan, even his cronies, objected to this kind of behavior, saying: Being a servant is enough, but being a father is too much. There is no need to allow him to be a soldier, for fear that China will suffer big losses in the future and regret it. However, Shi Jingtang refused and still went his own way. Yeludeguang, the master of Qidan, was overjoyed and led troops to support him, defeating Zhang Jingda in the later Tang Dynasty. After Shi Jingtang proclaimed himself emperor, he kept his "credit", cut sixteen states of Youyun to Qidan, and promised to give 300,000 pieces of cloth and silk to Qidan every year. Sixteen states of Youyun are natural barriers in the north, so far the Central Plains has been completely exposed under the iron hoof of Qidan.
When Shi Jingtang proclaimed himself as the emperor in liu lin cun, Liu Jiabao Township, xiaodian district City, Taiyuan City, Lu Long bribed Zhao Dejun, king of Beiping, with gold silk, and wanted to take the Central Plains by Qidan, but he still let Shi Jingtang guard Hedong. The main reason of Qidan was that it was difficult at that time and I wanted Zhao Dejun's invitation. Shi Jingtang was frightened when he heard the news, so that the clerk Sang Weihan met the Khitan master. Sang Han Wei knelt in front of the Khitan master account, and couldn't stand it from beginning to end, begging the Khitan to give up Zhao Dejun's invitation. The Khitan followed suit, saying that Sang Han Wei was loyal to Shi Jingtang and should be the prime minister. Shi Jingtang then appointed Sang as assistant minister of Zhongshu to make peace with him.
In the same month, Shi Jingtang invaded Luoyang and died in the later Tang Dynasty. At the end of Jin Dynasty, in the second year of Tianfu (937), he drove troops into Bianzhou, and in the following year (938), he was promoted to Bianzhou, which was the Kaifeng Prefecture of Tokyo. When the rulers first arrived, the princes were disobedient, there were many soldiers and fires, the treasury was empty, and the people were poor, but the Khitan was still insatiable. In order to solve the financial crisis and consolidate the political power, Shi Jingtang adopted Sang's suggestion, put aside old grievances and appeased the buffer region. Training soldiers to repair soldiers in order to repair military equipment; Planting mulberry, using solid warehouse; Connect with merchants, goods and wealth; Be courteous and serve the Khitan.
Shi Jingtang was very cautious about the submission of the Khitan. Every letter used tables to express the difference between the monarch and the minister, calling Taizong the "father emperor" and calling himself "minister" and "son emperor". Whenever the Khitan envoys arrived, they were treated with courtesy. In addition to the loss of 300,000 silks and fabrics, they also send strange things from time to time when they are happy or lucky, so that they give gifts to strange motorcades one after another.
Although Shi Jingtang sincerely caressed the buffer region, the buffer region still refused to accept it, especially when he was a minister in Qidan. Datong, the contemporary judge, Wu Luan, sealed the city, which was not ordered by the Khitan. Guo Chongwei, the governor of Yingzhou, stood up and returned to the south.
In the second year of Putianfu (937), Tian Xiong ordered Fan Tingguang to oppose Weizhou, and Shi Jingtang ordered Du Dong to make a crusade against Zhang Congbin, but Zhang Congbin turned against him. Then there was a mutiny in Weizhou. That year, the Khitan was renamed "Da Liao". Yang Guangyuan, the general of the bodyguard, relied on himself, intervened in state affairs, and repeatedly resisted. Shi Jingtang often condescends to it. In the fourth year of Tianfu at the end of Jin Dynasty (940), Yang Guangyuan killed Fan Tingguang, and Shi Jingtang was afraid of Yang Guangyuan and did not dare to ask.
In the sixth year of Tianfu at the end of Jin Dynasty (942), An Chongrong, the Chinese ambassador to Chengde, denounced Shi Jingtang's father, Qidan, for besieging the Central Plains, and said that he would fight to the death with Qidan. Shi Jingtang sent his troops to behead An Chongrong and dedicate his head to the Khitan. Before he proclaimed himself emperor, Shi Jingtang was frugal in managing local government affairs, but after he became emperor, he began to be extravagant. His palace was richly decorated with gold, jewels and other things. At the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China, Luoyang was the capital, then moved to Bianzhou (now Kaifeng, Henan) and upgraded Bianzhou to Kaifeng, Tokyo.
In order to suppress the people's resistance, he ordered the enactment of many cruel laws, and most of the punishments were in some horrible ways: cutting off the tongue, dismembering people, plugging the nose, cooking in a pot and so on.
Plus, he didn't trust the scholars, thinking that they didn't think of the country, but only knew how to benefit their children and grandchildren, so Shi Jingtang used eunuchs like the later Tang Dynasty, which made the eunuch power rise again. Shi Jingtang made many brilliant achievements in the war of destroying the back beams in the later Tang Dynasty, so he entered Bianjing to destroy the back beams. Shi Jingtang and Li Congke made the greatest contribution to the unification of the North by Li in the later Tang Dynasty.
In the fourth year of Tongguang in the later Tang Dynasty (926), Zhao Li, our time envoy, launched a mutiny in Weizhou. After Li, Emperor Taizong ordered Li Siyuan to lead an army to counter the rebellion, and Shi Jingtang also went to war together. At the gates of Weizhou, Li Siyuan's troops also defected and joined forces with the rebels of Weizhou to support Li Siyuan. Li Siyuan wanted to move troops back to Korea to plead guilty, while Shi Jingtang advised him to seize Bianzhou (now Kaifeng, Henan) to achieve great things. Li Siyuan had no choice but to accept the idea. So, Shi Jingtang volunteered, pro-unified 300 Xiao Qi as the striker, and captured Bianzhou. Then he returned to Surabaya (now Surabaya Town, Xingyang, Henan Province) and took Luoyang directly. In order to protect himself, Shi Jingtang turned to Liao Taizong for help. He expressed his willingness to surrender to the Khitan, and promised to pay tribute to Ye Ludeguang and his son. After the job was done, he presented the land of sixteen states north of Yanmenguan to the Khitan. After defeating Tang Jun, he accepted the knighthood of Ye Ludeguang and became the emperor of the State of Jin. He kept his foreword and ceded sixteen states of Youyun to Qidan. At that time, Shi Jingtang was 45 years old and Ye Ludeguang was only 34 years old.
When Shi Jingtang became emperor, he often received the disdainful Khitan emissary who came to announce the imperial edict, and even knelt down to accept the imperial edict of Yelvdeguang, the sovereign of Khitan. During the Tianfu period of Shijingtang, the late Jin court respected the Khitans from top to bottom in order to avoid war. But when the Khitan emissary came, he was rude and arrogant, and sometimes he had to grovel and treat him badly. Except for a few people in the three-dimensional Han Dynasty, all ministers were angry with the Khitans and advocated resisting the Khitans. Shi Jingtang once wavered, but after reading Sang Han Wei's long memorial, he felt that the emperor had more benefits, so he didn't throw away the emperor's hat himself until he died, or his son gave him the evil spirit. Although Shi Zhonggui eventually went into exile in Qidan because of the surrender of the lords, the two failures of Qidan soldiers encouraged and promoted the Central Plains people to fight against Liao. Shi Jingtang's contribution to the Khitan is 300,000 horses a year, but it can't be absolutely said that there is no benefit. He was emperor for six years, which objectively brought short-term stability to the people of the Central Plains. However, the cession of the Sixteen States erased his little contribution, because his son had no danger to defend when he was fighting with the Khitan, and eventually the Central Plains was ravaged by war again.