Guhantai Tour Guide 1 Welcome everyone here. Let me introduce you!
Xi 'an Forest of Steles was founded in A.D. 1087. It is the earliest and largest existing art treasure house of ancient inscriptions in China, with more than 100 inscriptions and epitaphs 1000 from Han Dynasty to Qing Dynasty. There are many stone tablets here, hence the name "Forest of Steles". Xi 'an stele forest is rich in content, which is not only a treasure house of ancient calligraphy art in China, but also a master of ancient literature, classics and stone carvings. It records some achievements of China's cultural development and reflects the historical facts of cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries, so it enjoys a good reputation at home and abroad. Xi 'an Forest of Steles was developed on the basis of preserving the stone scriptures of the Tang Dynasty. The Stone Scriptures mentioned by people in the Tang Dynasty include those written by Li Longji, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, in 745 AD and those engraved in 837 AD.
Xi 'an Beilin Museum is the earliest museum established in Shaanxi. It mainly collects, displays and studies inscriptions, epitaphs and stone carvings of past dynasties, making it a unique art museum in China. The collection of cultural relics 1 1000, including 9 national treasures 134 first-class cultural relics1000. Four of the famous "Six Horses in Zhaoling" are hidden in this museum. The exhibition consists of cultural relics exhibitions such as forest of steles and stone carving art, with 12 exhibition room. At present, there are 7 tablet rooms, 8 tablet corridors and 8 tablet pavilions, plus stone carving art rooms and 4 cultural relics exhibitions, with an exhibition area of 4,900 square meters.
Now, first of all, I will show you Guhantai, Liu Bang's palace in Hanzhong.
Wangjianglou, which stands at the highest point of Hantai, was built in the Southern Song Dynasty. It used to be the tallest building in Hanzhong. Climbing to the third floor and looking south, you can see the Han River in a glance. It is the best place for people to enjoy the scenery of Hanzhong. Today, the willow couplet on the second floor of Wangjianglou still reads "The Hanshui River flows thousands of miles east, and Qin Yun looks at the first floor in the north".
Our Hanzhong Museum was built on the basis of 1958 Guhantai. It is a cultural relic museum and comprehensive museum with 7 exhibition halls. The first floor of Wangjiang Building is the exhibition room of cultural relics unearthed from the Song Tomb, and the second floor is the calligraphy exhibition of Hanzhong calligrapher Chen Yi, who was also called "Nankang Beichen" with Kang Youwei in the late Qing Dynasty. The East China Pavilion and the West China Pavilion are exhibitions of revolutionary historical sites and religious statues respectively. Guiyintang is a temporary exhibition hall for some special exhibitions. The most important museum group is displayed in Hantan South Campus. They are the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units, namely, the famous "inclined road" and "Shimen and its cliff stone carvings". It is divided into two exhibition halls-Baoxie Ancient Plank Road Exhibition Hall and Shimen Shisanpin Exhibition Hall.
The exhibition room of Baoxie ancient plank road is divided into three units, which respectively show the direction of seven ancient roads crossing between ancient Qin and Ba mountains; Recommend the Shimen tunnel at the southern end of the ancient plank road. There are seven different plank road shapes for excavation and plank road construction according to local conditions; There are official postal kiosks and postal rooms along the plank road, among which Baocheng Post Station is called "the first postal service in the world", and the Thirteen-product showroom of Shimen displays 13 exquisite stone carvings excavated from inside and outside the Shimen Tunnel in Baogu, among which "Bujun opened the stone carving on the cliff of Baoxiedao" is called "the first ancient stone in southern Shaanxi", which records the excavation of Fumen Tunnel by Liu Zhuang, the fifth emperor of the Han Dynasty. A Qing and Yang Shoujing commented that "natural beauty is as beautiful as stone, and it can't be imitated for a hundred generations." Ode to a Hundred Doors, which was engraved in 148, records that Yang, a captain, wrote to the emperor during the reign of Emperor Shun of Han Dynasty, demanding to restore the history of praising the ramp. The author's original intention is to praise, not to show off, his calligraphy, but his calligraphy is called "Han Li's masterpiece, a model for scholars" by later generations. It is also called "Xi Xia Fu" in Chengxian County, Gansu Province, and "Fu Ge Fu" in Lueyang, Hanzhong. There are also jade pots, rolling snow, Shi Hu and other stone carvings that describe the scenery of the valley. Among them, Xue Kun written by Cao Cao is the most famous. "Shimen Ming" records the history of the diversion of the northern Wei Dynasty's praise and criticism route, and calligraphy is also extremely precious. It is a transition from official to official. Kang Youwei called it "a fairy who doesn't know fireworks". Thirteen products of Shimen is a record of the rise and fall of plank road, and it is also the physical standard of China's calligraphy evolution, which has a far-reaching influence on Chinese and foreign calligraphy circles.
Guhantai Guide 3 Guhantai is located in the center of Hanzhong, built during the Chu-Han struggle, with an area of about 8,000 square meters. It consists of a three-stage platform with a height of 7 meters. Liu Bang made his fortune in Hanzhong. So the name of the country is Han. The high platform where he lived was called Guhantai by later generations. In the Song Dynasty, Zhang wrote a poem "Leaving this black soil is still the inheritance of the Han family", in which "a black soil" refers to the remaining high platform. Chen Yucai in the Qing Dynasty wrote a poem, "Chi Di's prosperous time has passed, and the platform is as good as new. On that day, the imperial court disappeared, and at this time, the county state-owned benevolent people. "
Brief introduction of directory location, historical evolution, main exhibition location of historical sites, and brief introduction of shrinking and expanding location
Guhantai, located at No.26 East Street, Hantai District, Hanzhong City, is also called Guhantai because it was Liu Bang's palace when he was Hanwang in Hanzhong. Now it is Hanzhong Museum.
The development of history
After the Hongmen banquet in 206 BC, Liu Bang was enfeoffed as Hanwang by Xiang Yu. "Wang Ba, Shu and Hanzhong are all in Nanzheng (now Hantai District of Hanzhong City)." Soon Liu Bang led the crowd from Ziwuling to Hanzhong. Because the southwest, including Hanzhong, was still a wild place, Liu Bang was naturally unhappy. Xiao He, who came to Hanzhong with Liu Bang, advised Liu Bang: "Although Wang Hanzhong is evil, it is better to die!" And "Tian Han is very beautiful", so "May Wang Wang Hanzhong." Liu Bang was very happy after hearing this, so he rallied and worshipped Han Xin as a general. After four months of careful preparation, he built a plank road and took advantage of it to destroy the three kings of Qin-Zhang Han, Sima Xin and Dong Kun, and won the world in one fell swoop. After Liu Bang won the world, in order to commemorate this period of history, he named the country "Han". Liu Bang's palace in Hanzhong was located in Hantai, which was admired by people because of its long history, also known as Guhantai. During the Song Dynasty and even the Republic of China, Hantai was the seat of Hanzhong Prefecture. Hantai, which has experienced vicissitudes of life, has no buildings of the Han Dynasty today. In the Northern Song Dynasty, Zhang once said in a poem, "Leave this land, especially the Hanjia base", which shows that Hantai was once deserted in the Northern Song Dynasty. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Hantai was developed into a leisure and entertainment place for officials after its completion. 1958, Hanzhong Museum was established in Hanzhong City, with Guhantai as the museum site. Its architecture mainly relies on the original architectural style and layout of Guhantai, and consists of three courtyards that rise step by step from south to north. Since the 1970s, Shimen Shisanpin showroom, Baoxie ancient plank road showroom, East-West Huating and North Gate antique buildings have been built successively, and Wangjiang Building and Guiyin Hall have been rebuilt.
historical site
Ancient China-Taiwan Province
Walking into the museum, there is a high platform, which is the palace ruins of Hanwang and Liu Bang-Guhantai. It is 7 meters high, facing south, and has three steps. This is a site with a typical court model of Qin and Han dynasties, which was rammed by hand. Later, people often regarded this platform as a symbol of the inheritance of the Han Dynasty.
wangjiang tower
The highest point of Guhantai is a three-story high-rise building-Wangjiang Tower, which was built in the Southern Song Dynasty. Wangjiang Tower, with a height of 17.5 meters, is a landmark ancient building in Hanzhong with the architectural style of the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. Wangjiang Tower used to be the tallest building in Hanzhong. It is said that when you climb the third floor and look south, you can see the Han River at a glance, which is the best place for people to enjoy the scenery of Hanzhong. As Liu couplet on the second floor of Wangjiang Building wrote: "The Hanjiang River flows thousands of miles east, and Qin Yun looks at the first floor in the north." Now with the expansion of Hanzhong city, it is no longer possible to climb the building. Wangjiang Tower has also been transformed into a religious statue showroom of Hanzhong Museum. There are bronze bell pavilion and stone drum tower on the east and west sides of Wangjiang Building respectively. There is a very delicate big bronze bell in the bronze bell pavilion, which is said to be a relic of the Rui Palace in Hanzhong in the Ming Dynasty and a treasure handed down from generation to generation. The stone drum in the stone drum pavilion on the west side, also known as Taiyu, is jade. Legend has it that it is the mount stone of Hanwang Liu Bang, and it is one of the "Eight Scenes of Hanzhong".
Guiyintang
Opposite Wangjiang Building is Guiyin Hall, which was built in the Ming Dynasty. It is said that those big trees in front of the main hall are ancient Han Gui. Every Mid-Autumn Festival, the fragrance is everywhere, which is a good place for Hanzhong to visit Guangxi. The hall displays the historical relics of Hanzhong in Han Dynasty. The buildings on the east and west sides of Guiyin Hall are called Donghua Hall and Xihua Hall, which display Hanzhong revolutionary historical sites and ancient calligraphy and painting respectively.
Jingwuchi
To the south of Guiyintang is a pool, which was built in the early Qing Dynasty. Wujingchi is rectangular, with a length of 13m and a width of 6m. In the middle is a stone arch bridge engraved with "Dragon" and "Tiger" respectively, which is one of the ten scenic spots in Hanzhong Road. On a round stone beside the pool, a poem entitled "Mirror My Pool" is engraved: "The pool is like a mirror. If it is today, it is my reason. Mo Xiaoping's whereabouts are uncertain, and the spring breeze is similar to this trend. "
Guhantai Tour Guide 4 Dear tourists and friends,
Hello everyone!
Welcome to Hanzhong, which is beautiful and simple, and has the reputation of small Jiangnan in the northwest. I'm Liu Junbo, the tour guide of the international travel agency that accompanied you this time. You can call me Xiao Liu or Liu Dao. Next to me is our driver, Master Jane. Master Jane's surname is Jane, but his driving skills are not simple. In the next two days, I will lead you to visit the famous mountains and rivers in Hanzhong. I hope the good mountains and water in Hanzhong will bring you a good mood. I hope you have a good time in Hanzhong, eat and live comfortably, and wish our trip to Hanzhong a smooth end. Thank you!
The most famous scenic spot in Hanzhong is this ancient Chinese terraced field, which covers an area of10.4 million square meters and has a towering platform. According to legend, the ancient Hantai was built in 220 AD, and the palace built by Uncle Tian, the satrap of Hanzhong, was built for Liu Bang at the beginning of the People's Republic of China.
According to the Records of the Historian, Xiang Yu established himself as the overlord of the West Chu, which violated the covenant of being king in the first pass and made Liu Bang the king of Hanzhong. In order to paralyze Xiang Yu, Liu Bang burned the plank road when he entered Hanzhong. After he entered Hanzhong, he accepted Xiao He's suggestion and made Han Xin a general. On the one hand, he trains the army, on the other hand, he stores food and grass. At the same time, the North Vietnam Qinling occupied Guanzhong, and then unified the whole country to establish the Western Han Dynasty. Hanzhong naturally became the birthplace of the Han Dynasty. Although Liu Bang's time in Hanzhong was short, he left many historical sites, including Guhantai.
Guhantai was formerly known as Hantai, also known as Qixingtai. It sits facing south, and the highest platform is 7 meters high, which is manually moved and tamped. Since the Han Dynasty, it has become a playground for Hanzhong government officials. The Tianhan Building, which has been renovated in the past dynasties and now stands in the northeast corner, is the original name of Wangjiang Building. In the seventh year of the Ming Dynasty, Wangjiang Tower was rebuilt and Daoyin was officially named, and it was never easy again. In ancient China, there was a tradition of building buildings by the river at scenic spots. Generally referred to as Wangjianglou. There are also some elegant names, such as Yellow Crane Tower and Wang Teng Pavilion. You can appreciate the mountains and rivers, cultivate the spirit and inspire poetry. But the Wangjiang Tower in Guhantai is different. This building is several miles away from the Han River. Why is it called Wangjianglou? It turns out that Hantai is high-lying, and Guhantai is seven meters high. Wangjianglou took advantage of this high platform. The ancient Hanjiang River was rich in water resources and busy in shipping. When this building is located, you can clearly enjoy the picturesque scenery with blue waves flowing eastward and white sails dotted. Hanshui went three thousand miles east, and Qin came to the first floor from the south. The two poems here fully express the important position of Hanjiang Tower in the places of interest in southern Shaanxi. Today, Wangjiang Tower has become a landmark building in Hanzhong with its unique shape and lofty charm.
South of Wangjiang Building is Yin Gui Hall, which was built in Ming Dynasty. At present, there are several ancient Hangui pearls, which are full of fragrance every Mid-Autumn Festival, making them a good place for Hanzhong to visit Guangxi. The name of Yin Gui Hall is related to Guishu, which means that officials and scholars in Hanzhong will be sheltered by Han and Gui.
Hanzhong has been the only place connecting the Central Plains and Southwest China since ancient times. It occupies an important position in the traffic history of China and is known as the "hometown of plank roads". Prime Minister, let's look at this stack separately. On the left is a wooden character, and on the right is shallow water. Excluding the three-point water, it can be seen that Zhan was built along the river and the material was wood. We ancients made full use of the natural conditions at that time, enough to see how smart we ancients were.
Next, let's look at this electronic sand table, which is a traffic distribution map of Qinba with Hanzhong as the center. Regarding the overall layout of the plank road, there are three roads in the south and four roads in the north. Beisi Road refers to the four roads connecting Guanzhong and Hanzhong and crossing the Qinling Mountains, also known as Beizhan or Qinzhan. From west to east are Chencang Road, Appreciation Road, Luo Luo Lu Road and Ziwu Road. Woods Road, also known as Zikou in Chang 'an District of Xi and Nankou in Xixiang County of Hanzhong, was the road Liu Bang took when he came to Hanzhong. He burned while walking, and finally Woods Road burned down, confusing Xiang Yu. After Liu Bang came to Hanzhong, he worshipped Han Xin as a general, saved his strength and made a diversion. Finally, take Chencang Road to Guanzhong, destroy Xiang Yu and unify the world. This is Ming Xiu plank road. The meridian road is roughly consistent with the trend of the Western Han Expressway today. Luo Luo Lu was named after Luoshui and Luoshui. Luoshui flows north to the Weihe River, finally to the Yellow River, falls into the water, flows south to the Han River, and finally flows to the Yangtze River. Luo Luo Lu and the current flight route from Xi to Hanzhong are basically the same. Oblique road, the south entrance is in Baogukou, Hanzhong, and the north entrance is in Xieguguan, Meixian County, Baoji, with a length of about 235 kilometers. Chencang Road, the north exit is in Chencang, Baoji City, and the south exit is in Mianxian County. South Umbrella refers to the three roads from Hanzhong to Sichuan, also known as South Station or Stretch. It is the communication line of ancient Sichuan and Shaanxi. Li Bai once lamented: it is hard to go is in the sky. You can see how rugged these roads are. These three roads are Jinniu Road from west to east, and the biggest scam in ancient China once happened on Jinniu Road: during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, one day King Qin Huiwen went hunting in the deep mountains of Qinling and met King Shu. When the kings of the two countries met, out of courtesy, the King of Qin gave the priceless Yu Pei he carried with him to the King of Shu. The king of Shu was very happy, and wanted to come instead of being indecent, so he also wrapped a gift with a bubba for the king of Qin. The two sides said goodbye politely and returned on impulse.
People in China have always been reserved, and generally they don't open them face to face when they receive gifts, so the king of Qin went home and opened them. It turned out to be loess. The king of Qin swore angrily: King Shu is too greedy for money! When ministers saw this situation, they all congratulated each other: congratulations to your majesty! Congratulations, your majesty!
The king of Qin asked: What is there to celebrate? Ministers said: Loess represents land, and King Shu returned his land to the king. What is more valuable than your Yu Pei? The king of Qin thought, too! So he asked: What's next? So the counselor gave him advice. A few days later, the State of Qin announced that Daqin had many treasures, especially Shi Niu. It doesn't eat or drink every day, but it can shit and pull gold every day. In addition, there are a lot of gold, silver, jewelry, silks and satins and beautiful Qin women who want to give them. The news reached the ears of the King of Shu, and Wang Jimin of Shu couldn't sleep. The pie fell from the sky, not white or white, and immediately ordered the five generals of fruits and vegetables to lead the Shu army and quickly open the road from Shu to Hanzhong to welcome the gift from the king of Qin. Because the main treasure to be welcomed is Taurus, this Shu Road is called Taurus Road. After the opening of Jinniu Road, the king of Qin kept his promise to give the fine silk and beauty treasures of Qin to the king of Shu, and Wang Le of Shu smiled from ear to ear. But what he didn't expect was that just a few days after he returned, Qin's army came back from the Jinniu Road he had opened up. The king of Shu is unprepared, and the kingdom of Shu is busy. Since then, Shu has also been included in the territory of Qin.
In the middle is Micang Road, named after reading Micang Mountain, and in the east is Litchi Road. When it comes to litchi, people will unconsciously think of Yang Guifei. It's really "riding a princess in the world of mortals, no one knows it's litchi". This is the road that Xuanzong Li Longji built for his beloved princess Yang Guifei. According to unofficial history's records, Li Longji likes Yang Guifei very much and wants to marry her, but Yang Guifei said: You can marry me, but you must satisfy my desire to eat litchi. Li Longji said it was difficult, so he ordered the plank road to be built immediately, and the fresh litchi from Bashu was sent to Huaqing Palace, the villa of Li Longji and Yang Guifei, at an urgent speed of 800 li. This is the origin of litchi road.
Let me introduce the plank road here, and then look at the scenery of the thirteen products of Han and Wei Dynasties.
What we are seeing now is the famous thirteen products of Han and Wei Dynasties. These stone carvings were all chiseled and moved here from Shimen Cliff Stone Carvings on Xiexie plank road that year, but the most famous stone carving in the Han and Wei Dynasties was the stone carving of three links. 1983 specially built a special exhibition room to protect it. Let's take a look at this passage, "Open the Inclined Road", or "Open the Road" for short. Known as the first stone in southern Shaanxi, it was excavated in Yongping nine years in the Eastern Han Dynasty and is the earliest existing cliff stone carving in the Eastern Han Dynasty. The historical process of opening the ramp was recorded comprehensively. His calligraphy is vigorous, tough and thin, which is an important specimen of the transition from Xiao Zhuan to Li Shu in the history of China calligraphy, and has important historical and calligraphy value.
Let's take a look at this cliff called Ode to Yang Junsong, or Ode to Shimen for short. It is not difficult to see from the title that "reason" means death. "A captain from Li Si" is an official name, which is equivalent to the present warden. "Ode" is a tribute to Yang, and "Ode" is a celebration of his life story. This cliff is known as the first precipice in Han Li, and it is also called "West Narrow Fu" with Lueyang's Pavilion Fu and Chengxian's West Narrow Fu. This paper introduces in detail the process of repairing the inclined plank road by Yang Shangshu, which has become an important material for studying the ancient traffic history of Hanzhong. His calligraphy is vigorous, engraved on the uneven stone surface, especially round and muddy, which has a natural interest in Gu Zhuo and has a great influence on the development of calligraphy art in later generations, and is known as the treasure of the country. Everyone knows that the Commercial Press once published Ci Hai, and its title Ci Hai was taken from here, and the word Hanzhong in Hanzhong Daily was also taken from here.
Let's take a look at this cliff in Xue Kun, which is said to have been written by Wang Cao. According to historical records, Cao Cao came to Hanzhong twice that year. Cao Cao came to Hanzhong for the first time to conquer Zhang Lu, the founder of cajanus Mi Pai. The second time, Cao Cao learned that his beloved Xia was beheaded in the battle of Dingjun Mountain, and Dingjun Mountain was facing the loss, so he led the army to Hanzhong. Because there was not much difference between Cao Cao and Liu Bei at that time, they were deadlocked for two months, and Cao Caobian returned to Chang 'an without results. When he personally visited Hanzhong, he saw the waves in the valley and the rolling snow on the rocks, which was very beautiful. Seeing this scene, he happily wrote the word Xue Kun. Look at this word, like a rolling spray, a bit like a drop of water about to fall into the water, very dynamic. And the word snow is quiet and peaceful. The combination of dynamic and static embodies the uniqueness of Cao Cao's calligraphy. Later, someone asked Cao Cao, "Why is there no water in this word?" Cao Cao smiled and replied, "There are many rivers, so there is no need to gild the lily." In fact, this is just a tax law of the ancients. As we all know, the calligraphy of ancient Chinese characters is piled up with passion, and it is just a general name. But this is enough to show people's love for it.
Well, because of the time, I'll stop here today. Please visit in person next time. Thank you.