The mystery of Wu Zetian's mausoleum remains to be solved. Experts explain various speculations in detail. Recently, a news about "there are 500 tons of cultural relics buried underground in Ganling" has once again focused on Ganling, which has always been a mystery. Subsequently, Shaanxi Ganling Museum held a special press conference to clarify this issue, and made it clear that the statement that "Ganling has 500 tons of treasures" violates the common sense of cultural relics and archaeology and has no scientific basis. In fact, as the only unearthed tomb among the eighteen tombs in the Tang Dynasty, there have been various speculations about Ganling. Is the Preface to Lanting Collection buried in it? How big is Ganling? ..... With the continuous development of archaeological work in Ganling, all kinds of mysteries about Ganling will be uncovered one by one. Puzzle 1: 500 tons of dried tomb treasure? The latest news about Ganling is the recently discussed "500 tons of hidden treasure in Ganling". Who put forward this figure? In this report, it is proposed that 500 tons of treasure is hidden in Ganling, which was originally proposed by a writer who had a long interview in Ganling. Although this man is not an archaeologist, his point of view is not unreasonable. If the stone gates, sarcophagus and other cultural relics in Ganling are added with common funerary objects such as gold and silver treasures, calligraphy and painting silks and satins, the weight of cultural relics in Ganling may reach 500 tons. The report also pointed out that when Tang Gaozong was buried, the value of funerary objects accounted for one third of the national fiscal revenue. More than 20 years later, Wu Zetian died, and her son entered Ganling with a third of the country's gold and silver jewelry. Expert opinion: The unscientific reporter interviewed Liu Xiangyang, director of the business department of Ganling Museum. He said that any formal cultural relic archaeologist will not call cultural relics by tons, but generally by the number of pieces or groups, and it is impossible to call them by tons. As for the specific treasure hidden in Ganling, it is only speculation at present. Liu Qingzhu, former director of the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said that if some people have good wishes, it is understandable for them to say so, but this statement is groundless. How big is the underground palace of Ganling? In people's impression, Ganling is not only magnificent in appearance, solid in architecture, but also rich in artifacts. Because of its uniqueness, its scale should be quite spectacular. In 1960s and 1970s, the tombs of Princess Yongtai, Prince Yide and Prince Zhang Huai were excavated respectively. Some scholars and experts believe that according to the specifications of the tombs unearthed in that year, these three tombs are the largest of all the tombs in the Tang Dynasty. They are all double stone tombs in the front room and the back room. There are stone pagodas in the tomb, and the tomb is about 80 meters. Based on this calculation, compared with the largest contemporary tomb excavated now, the imperial tomb is definitely beyond this range, so the scale of the whole underground palace of Ganling should be said to be quite large. Expert opinion: The underground palace of Ganling is about 300 cubic meters. According to the calculation, Mr. Chen Jingyuan, an architect in Nanjing, speculated from the construction period of Ganling Underground Palace that it was probably not as big as people thought. He believes that whether the project scale of Ganling underground palace can reach the degree predicted by people, the most critical issue is the construction period of Ganling underground palace. According to some historical records, Chen Jingyuan thinks that Tang Gaozong didn't build a mausoleum for himself before his death. He believes that the construction time of Ganling Underground Palace is eight months from Tang Gaozong's death to the coffin's return to Chang 'an. In such a short time, on the bedrock of Liangshan, how much underground space can be excavated by digging secret passages with artificial hammers? According to the construction time and progress of Liu Sheng Tomb in Mancheng, Hebei Province and Hanwang Tomb in Shizishan, Xuzhou, after deducting the pre-preparation and post-arrangement of Ganling, the time really used for the excavation of Ganling underground palace is at most 7 months. Even if 1.4 cubic meters is excavated every day, the space excavated inside the mountain is only about 300 cubic meters, which is the building scale that the Ganling underground palace can form. Compared with the Zhaoling underground palace of Emperor Taizong, this scale is completely "dwarfed". Puzzle 3 "Lanting Preface" is hidden in Ganling? Tang Gaozong, Li Zhi and Wu Zetian were buried in Ganling. According to records, when Tang Gaozong died, his last words buried his favorite calligraphy and painting in the tomb. According to historical records, the Preface to Lanting said in the testamentary edict of Emperor Taizong Li Shimin that it should be placed under his head. In other words, Preface to Lanting should be in Zhaoling, not Ganling. However, Wen Tao, the secretariat of Yaozhou in the Five Dynasties, stole Zhaoling, but there was no Preface to Lanting in the list of unearthed treasures, so it was speculated that the Preface to Lanting was hidden in Ganling. Moreover, in the folk rumors in Ganling area, it has long been said that Wu Zetian was buried with the preface to Lanting. Expert opinion: paper products are difficult to preserve. Liu Xiangyang, director of the business department of Ganling Museum, said in an interview that whether the Preface to the Lanting Pavilion is in Ganling is only the speculation of some scholars, and there is no conclusion yet. When Liu Qingzhu was asked by Sina users whether the Preface to the Lanting Pavilion was in Ganling, he said that the speculation of the Preface to the Lanting Pavilion in Ganling was only a beautiful wish, and it was also recorded in history. For example, there are some calligraphy works in the funerary objects of Emperor Taizong's Zhaoling. Where is the Preface to Lanting, which has disappeared for over 0/000 years/kloc? Do people have a chance to witness its true face? Liu Qingzhu said, don't be too optimistic. Personally, he thinks that according to what was said at that time, calligraphy works have always been based on paper, not bamboo slips, and there are only tombs in the Tang Dynasty that can preserve paper products. Under the climatic conditions in Guanzhong area, thousands of ancient tombs have been excavated, or thousands, including those of Han Dynasty, Tang Dynasty or more than 1000 years ago. None of the paper in the tomb can be well preserved, and the finer the paper, the more difficult it is to preserve. Puzzle 4: The internal structure of Ganling has not been proved. Located 80km northwest of Xi 'an, it was the burial place of Li Zhi of Tang Gaozong and Wu Zetian of Zhou in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. It is the only mausoleum of two emperors in China, and the only one of the Tang emperors that has not been excavated, so it is known as the "crown of the Tang tombs". This situation of "two emperors and two titles, a couple buried in a mausoleum" is rare in the world, and the cultural relics on the ground, such as stone watches, stone horses, stone statues and wordless monuments, are spectacular. Speaking of the ancient Egyptian pyramids in 3000 BC, the inscription reads: "The great and immortal Pharaoh watches the magnificent sky, sunrise and stars here, and the great and immortal Pharaoh is with heaven and earth." -Strong! How great the imagination and verve of the ancient Egyptians and the pharaohs, the owners of the pyramids! In addition, Ganling is located 6 kilometers north of Ganxian County and 80 kilometers away from Xi City. It is the mausoleum of Tang Gaozong Li Zhi and Wu Zetian, and it is called Ganling because it is located in the northwest of Chang 'an and Bagua County. Since Tang Taizong, most emperors in the Tang Dynasty have taken mountains as their tombs, with Ganling as the most typical one. The number of statues in Ganling, the length of Shinto, the size of the top of the tomb, and the wide land area are all beyond the reach of the previous imperial tombs. Ganling is built on Liangshan Mountain and is conical. The main peak of Liangshan (North Peak) and two peaks in the south are taken as the skeleton of the layout. The northern peak is conical, with an altitude of l047.6 meters, which is the location of the mausoleum. The two peaks in the south, facing east and west, constitute the natural entrance to the cemetery. Parking lot location: 790 meters above sea level (only GPS data, no 1956 Yellow Sea height system. But it seems that many people in China regard the American GPS standard as the legal height system. In this way, the earth-rock seal of the mausoleum is at least 200 meters high. The whole cemetery covers an area of 40 kilometers in Fiona Fang, surrounded by 17 tombs of princes and nobles. Many stone statues are isomorphic with the tall mountain of Liangshan North Peak, forming the majestic momentum of Ganling. After the war, only stone tablets were left.