On the west side of the south gate of Beihai Park, there is the largest ancient bridge in Beijing. This is Beihai Bridge, which is located at the junction of Beihai and Zhonghai.
Beihai and Zhonghai are the great grandfather pools of the imperial palace in the Yuan Dynasty. Long Fu Palace is in the south of Taiye Pool, and Sheng Xing Palace (today's Zhongnanhai Courtyard) is in the north. There is an incomparably splendid inner palace on the east coast, and there is an island called Yingzhou (now Tuancheng) in the center of Taiye Pool. In the first year of Zhiyuan (1264), Youtian Temple was built on the island. After the renovation in the Ming Dynasty, it was renamed Chengguang Temple. There are two wooden bridges on the east and west sides in front of the temple. The East Bridge is located at the south gate of Beihai Road, and the West Bridge is the predecessor of Beihai Bridge. In the Ming Dynasty, the East Bridge was demolished and filled, and a wooden bridge was left in the west. In the second year of Hongzhi in Ming Dynasty (1489), a wooden bridge was built in May. The bridge is 9.48 meters wide, and a wooden archway is built at the east and west ends of the bridge. The word "Jin Ao" is written on the west archway, and the word "jade" is written on the east archway, so this bridge is also called "Jin Ao Jade" bridge. 1933, the wooden archway was changed to the reinforced concrete archway. The arch ticket of the bridge has 9 holes, only the middle hole is 5.74 meters wide, and the rest are decorative holes. The north and south ends of the middle cave were inscribed by the emperor himself. The link on the south side is "Yuyuqiong Building Up and Down in the Sky", and the link on the bottom is "Center for watering pot makers". Banner: "Silver and yellow are the boundaries". On the north side, the upper part is embroidered with an open-loop moon, and the lower part is "Jin Lan's Wrinkled Summer Watch". Banner: There are jade railings on both sides of the "Zihailan" bridge deck, which looks like rainbows and jade belts from a distance. Against the clear water, blue sky and the yellow-green glazed roof around it, it looks like a huge colorful picture scroll. According to Mr. Puyi's introduction in My First Half Life, it is said that there is a well near Jinghe Gate on the east side of the Palace Jiaotai Hall. There are a group of female ghosts living in the well. If it weren't for the iron plate, these female ghosts would come out to make trouble every day. When I couldn't get out of the well, I ran to the Sea of China by water, tossing and turning. When they see someone walking on the Jade Bridge in Jin Ao, they will drag them into the water, so every two years, someone will fall off the bridge.
After liberation, there was no imperial city, and more and more vehicles and pedestrians crossed Jinwen Street. Because the bridge deck is too narrow, 1956 demolished the archway at the east and west ends, widened the bridge deck to 34 meters to the south, and increased the bridge length to 220 meters. The middle driveway is 27 meters, and the sidewalks on both sides are 3.5 meters. 1957 was named Beihai Bridge. Although the traffic has been improved, we and our descendants will never see that beautiful and elegant ancient bridge again.
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