Tomb scale
There are ancient buildings with large scale and complete system in Qing Xiling, and the environment is elegant.
Qing Xiling landscape (20 photos)
A scenic tourist resort. [2] Fiona Fang has the largest artificial ancient pine forest in North China, covering 200 miles and 800 square kilometers. Since the Mausoleum was built, tens of thousands of pine trees have been planted in the Qing Dynasty at the foot of Yongning Mountain, along the Yishui River and inside and outside the Mausoleum. Now there are 654.38+500,000 trees and more than 200,000 young conifers and cypresses in Gu Song. The pines and cypresses in the mausoleum area are lush and beautiful. 1.4 mausoleums are hidden in pine forests, just like a gorgeous landscape painting.
There are more than a thousand palace buildings and hundreds of ancient buildings and sculptures in the mausoleum area, which are magnificent. Each mausoleum strictly follows the architectural system of the royal tombs in the Qing Dynasty. The Imperial Tomb, the Empress Mausoleum and the Wang Yeling Mausoleum are all covered with yellow glazed tiles, and the palaces of the princess, princess and brother are all covered with green glazed tiles. These different architectural shapes show different landscapes and styles. [ 1]
Qing Xiling * * has 14 mausoleums, and there are four mausoleums in the mausoleum: Tailing Mausoleum (yongzheng emperor) and Changling Mausoleum (Emperor Jiaqing).
Map of Qing Xiling mausoleum
Emperor), Mu Ling (Daoguang), chongling (Guangxu); 3 Hou Ling: Taidong Mausoleum, Changxi Mausoleum and Mudong Mausoleum; There are three Princess Mausoleums and four other mausoleums (Wang Huai Mausoleum, Princess Mausoleum, Argo Mausoleum, Wang Yeling Mausoleum, etc.). ). * * * There are 4 emperors, 9 queens, 56 concubines and 76 princes and princesses buried.
Yongzheng Tailing Editor
Yongzheng Tailing
The Tailing Mausoleum in Yongzheng, located in the center of the Mausoleum, is the earliest and largest building in Xiling. The rest of the tombs are distributed on the east and west sides. The Shinto of Tailing is paved with three layers of giant bricks, and there are more than 40 large and small buildings on both sides, which are distributed from south to north. The first building is a five-hole bridge with multiple arches entering the mausoleum area. There are three tall stone archways standing upright in the north of the bridge. The archway is solemn, beautiful and harmonious in color. These three stone workshops, all in the form of five rooms, six columns and eleven floors, are made of blue and white stones, with vivid shapes such as mountains, water, flowers, grass and animals, and are regarded as representative works of Xiling architectural art.
Tailing Mausoleum is the first mausoleum in Qing Dynasty, where Yongzheng, his empress Xiao and his imperial concubine Dunsu were buried. Yong Zhengdi Tailing, located under the main peak of Yongning Mountain, was built in the eighth year of Yongzheng (A.D. 1730). Tailing is the main building of Xiling, with large scale and complete system. Xiling Mausoleum is centered on Tailing Mausoleum, and other mausoleums are distributed on its east and west sides. The regulations are basically the same as those of Qing Dongling. Passing through a five-hole composite arch bridge and entering the mausoleum area, there are three exquisite and tall stone archways and
Trailing (7 photos)
A shinto with a width of more than ten meters and a length of five miles runs through the whole mausoleum area. A series of buildings and stone carvings, such as stone archway, Dahongmen, display hall, Shengde Gong Sheng monument, seven-hole stone arch bridge, stone statue students, Long 'enmen, Long 'entang, Fangcheng Minglou and Baoding, were built in turn. Long 'en Hall is beautifully built, with five rooms wide and three rooms deep. The double eaves lean against the mountain yellow tile roof, and the wooden structure is connected with tenons and mortises. The bright column is covered with gold powder, the top of the hall is decorated with spiral color paintings, the beam is decorated with gold thread, and the heart color paintings are "Jiangshan Unity" and "Zhao Pugan Kun". The colors are harmonious and the hall is resplendent. [ 1]
3 Editor-in-Chief Tai Dongling
brief introduction
Yong Zhengdi's princess, the mother of Emperor Qianlong, the Notre Dame and Empress Filial Piety of Qianlong Dynasty were all buried in Taidongling.
Father: Zhu Ling.
Qingxiling
Husband: Yong Zhengdi Yin.
Children: 1, that is, Emperor Qianlong.
Married: forty-three years of Kangxi (1704), 13 years old.
Feng Xifei: February 14th of the first year of Yongzheng (1723).
Feng Xigui: April 8th year of Yongzheng (1730)
Honored as the Empress Dowager: August 23rd, 13th year of Yongzheng (1735).
Most proud: enjoy the wealth of the world.
Date of death: 23rd day of the first month of forty-two years of Qianlong (1777).
At the age of 86.
Burial: April 25th, forty-two years of Qianlong (1777).
Emblems: Chongde Xuancikang Huidun and Yushou Xichun Gongyi Anqi Queen Yu Ning.
Posthumous title: Filial piety, kindness, biography of Kang Huidun, Cheng Huiren, Mu, and Empress Sheng Xian.
geographical position
Taidongling
Taidong Mausoleum of Empress Dowager Xiao is located in Qingxi Mausoleum in Yixian County, Hebei Province, in Zhengdong Valley, about 1 km northeast of Tailing Mausoleum in Yong Zhengdi. Taidong Mausoleum is the largest of the three Empress Mausoleums in Qing Dynasty. In September of the first year of Qianlong (1736), Prince Henghong Y, who was in charge of the Tailing Project, asked the Emperor Qianlong whether Yong Zhengdi had reserved a place for the Empress Dowager. Emperor Qianlong had no choice but to ask the queen mother for instructions. The Empress Dowager issued an imperial edict: "Emperor Sejong Xian kept quiet after paying homage to the underground palace in Feng 'an. If you start again in the future and show respect and inferiority, you will feel uneasy. There is no need to reserve a place in the Tailing Underground Palace, because we can observe the structure of Zhao Qianling and Xiao Dongling. "In accordance with the imperial edict of Empress Dowager Cixi, Emperor Qianlong built the Taidongling Mausoleum for Empress Dowager Cixi in Dongzheng Valley in the second year of Emperor Qianlong (1737) and completed it in the eighth year of Emperor Qianlong (1743). Its main buildings, from south to north, include a three-hole arch bridge, east-west dismounting cards, five east-west courthouses, three east-west value houses and five Long 'en gates. There are five east-west burners, five east-west halls and five double-eaves halls. 3 Lingmen, Fifteenth Palace, Fangcheng, Minglou, Baocheng and Baoding. Below the top of the treasure is the underground palace. On the left in front of the mausoleum is the kitchen library. Jingting outside the library.
architectural style
Compared with other queen's tombs, Tai Dongling has three unique features:
For the first time, bronze deer and cranes were set on the platform of Long 'en Hall. Zhao Qianling and Xiao Dongling, which were built before Tai Dongling, have only a pair of bronze stoves on the platform of Long 'en Hall. Tai Dongling has added a pair of bronze deer and a pair of bronze cranes. Obviously, this is modeled after the system of the Mausoleum, which initiated the system of setting up bronze deer cranes in the Mausoleum of the Emperoy. The queen's tombs built in the future were all changed into a bronze deer and a bronze crane, which became customized.
Created a system of building a Buddha building in the East Warm Pavilion of the Ursa Major Hall. The Mausoleum and Empress Mausoleum built before Taidongling have no Buddhist architecture. Tai Dongling built a Buddha building in the East Warm Pavilion of Long 'en Hall, with one floor. This is related to the filial piety queen's belief in Buddhism. Since then, all the imperial tombs have built Buddha buildings. The Queen's Mausoleum only built a Buddhist building in Cixi Mausoleum. All future Buddhist buildings will be built on two floors.
Carved scriptures and Buddha statues in the underground palace. It used to be thought that in the imperial tombs of the Qing Dynasty, the first one to carve scriptures and Buddha statues in the underground palace was the Yuling of Emperor Qianlong. According to the archives of the Qing Palace, there are also scriptures and Buddha statues engraved in the underground palace of Taidong Mausoleum. Taidong Mausoleum was built six years earlier than Yuling Mausoleum. This shows that the first person who carved scriptures and Buddha statues in the underground palace was not Yuling, but Taidongling. The archives of the Qing Palace also record that the ground of the underground palace of Taidongling is paved with bricks, not stones. The specific provisions of the underground palace of Taidongling Mausoleum and the contents of Buddhist scriptures need further research and textual research because the underground palace has not been opened and the files are incomplete.
4 Jiaqing Changling Editor
Brief introduction of Changling
Changling is the tomb of Aisingiorro Yan, Emperor Jiaqing, and Hitarahi, Queen of Xiaoshuri. It is located 2 miles west of Tailing, and is connected with Tailing by a Shinto. It is the only mausoleum in Xiling where Shinto is connected with the main mausoleum. Emperor Jiaqing was the fifteenth son of Qianlong, who reigned for 25 years (1796- 1820). Emperor Qianlong once had two princes, but they both died of smallpox, so they were changed to J-Yan born by concubines. Shortly after Jiaqing ascended the throne, he punished the favorite of Emperor Qianlong, the great corrupt official and |, which had a great deterrent effect on corrupt officials at that time.
Architectural composition
The architectural form and layout of Changling are basically the same as that of Tailing, and its luxury and richness are no less than that of Tailing. Long' entang column is inlaid with gold and decorated with Yunlong, resplendent and magnificent. The ground is covered with precious mottled stones, and the yellow square stone board has purple patterns, which are smooth and dazzling, like a room full of gems, each with its own characteristics. Changling has the last monument pavilion of Shengde Shen Gong built in the Qing Dynasty, but there is no monument pavilion of Shengde Shen Gong built in the imperial tombs of the Qing Dynasty.
1796 (the first year of Jiaqing), Aisingiorro j Yan, the fifth emperor of the Qing dynasty, ascended the throne. He followed the orders of his father Zhao Mu in Dongling and Xiling.
Jiaqing Changling
In the system of building a mausoleum alone, the mausoleum site is 500 meters west of Tailing. Construction started that year, and 1803 (eighth year of Jiaqing) was completed. After the project, the mausoleum was named "Changling". This is the second imperial mausoleum built by Qing Xiling. At the same time, the garden bed of Jiaqing Emperor 17 concubines-Changfei Garden Bed was also completed.
Emperor Renzong Jiaqing and Empress Xiao Shurui were buried in Changling, located on the west side of Tailing, which was completed in the eighth year of Jiaqing (AD 1803). The architectural form is similar to that of the Tailing Mausoleum, and the scale is juxtaposed. Jiaqing is fifteen sons of Qianlong. When Qianlong passed it to him, he chose a good mausoleum site for him one kilometer southwest of Tailing.
From the Shinto in front to the last treasure city, there is everything, but the treasure city in Changling is higher than that in Tailing. Long 'en Temple in Changling is very distinctive. The ground is paved with precious yellow mottled stones, and the yellow square stone board has natural and elegant purple patterns, which are dazzling and radiant, and are known as "full of gems". The echo stone and echo wall in the tomb of Chang Xiling, Emperor Jiaqing, have excellent echo effect, which can be compared with the echo wall in the Temple of Heaven in Beijing.
To the west of Changling is Changxi Mausoleum and Changfeiyuan, where Filial Piety Empress, Rui and concubines are buried respectively.
5 Chang Xiling Editor-in-Chief
The second empress of Jiaqing Emperor was buried in Changxi Mausoleum, which was also the longest one in the Qing Dynasty. For personal data, please refer to Empress Xiaohe Rui.
Echo Wall of Chang Xiling Among the existing ancient buildings in China, there are two ancient buildings with echo walls and echo stones, one is Tiantan in Beijing, and the other is Chang Xiling in Qing Xiling.
Built in1851-1853 (the second year of Xianfeng), Changxi Mausoleum is the tomb of Xiao, a queen of the fifth generation emperor Aisingiorro (Jiaqing) after the Qing Dynasty entered the customs. Xiao He, Niu Kelu, a native of Zhenghuang Banner in Manchuria, is the daughter of the first-class Duke Allah. Before J Yan ascended the throne, she was Fujin, J Yan's side room. After Yan proclaimed herself emperor, she was made a noble concubine. In February of the second year of Jiaqing, Empress Xiaoshu died. One hundred days later, the Emperor Tai Shang made Niu Kelu the imperial concubine and held a ceremony to make Niu Kelu the imperial concubine. In the sixth year of Jiaqing, Niu Kelu was made queen, and his father, Allah, was also promoted to a first-class by Cheng Sigong.
In July of the 25th year of Jiaqing, Jinyan collapsed in Jehol Palace in Chengde, and Funing (Daoguang) succeeded to the throne, with Xiao He as the Empress Dowager. In December of the 29th year of Daoguang, Xiao He died at the age of 74. At that time, Daoguang Emperor was old and sick in the Spring and Autumn Period, and he was still released to Bai Mudan on 27th. In the first year of Xianfeng (185 1), Chang Xiling was built for Xiaohe and buried in Feng 'an underground palace. Posthumous title is called "filial piety, kindness, comfort, peace, harmony, obedience, benevolence and good fortune". The queen once gave birth to two sons and a daughter.
Chang Xiling Mausoleum is neither so majestic as Tai Dongling, the mother of Emperor Qianlong, nor so luxurious as Ding Dong Mausoleum of Empress Dowager Cixi. It is similar to the elegant style of Daoguang Mausoleum. The buildings within the four gates of Longsi are taller than each other from front to back.
Palace and Baoding in Changling
The front and back of the tomb wall are round, which means "the sky is round". The seventh stone slab on the Shinto in front of Baoding is the echo stone. When you stand on it, no matter how loud the sound is, you can hear a loud echo. The Luoguo wall around Baoding is an echo wall. If two people stand at the two ends of things, their voices will be as clear as a phone call and they will be amazed.
The combination of echo stone and echo wall in Changxi Mausoleum is a new creation of Qing Dynasty architects applying acoustic principles to mausoleum architecture. The wall of Romania is semicircular, and the wavelength of sound wave is smaller than the radius of the wall. In Cambodia, sound waves are constantly reflected along the wall, so people standing at both ends of the wall can hear each other's voices.
6 Daoguang Muling Editor
The tomb of Daoguang of Xuanzong in Qing Dynasty was called Muling. Muling is characterized by its small scale, and there are no buildings such as Fangcheng, Minglou, Dabei Pavilion and stone statues, but the project weight is stronger than that of Taichang Mausoleum. The whole fence, brick grinding joints, wall dry grouting level and firm. The building technology of Long 'en Hall is exquisite. The main hall is made of golden nanmu, which is not decorated with oil and color, and keeps the original color of logs. As soon as the door of the hall opened, the aroma of nanmu came to the nose. There are dragons in every small square on the ceiling, and Youlong and Panlong are also engraved on purlins and sparrows. These dragons are all panting. It is said that this was all Daoguang Ben's idea. The tomb site originally chosen for him found that the underground palace was flooded, so Daoguang chose another place and named it Longquan Valley. Daoguang thinks that the underground palace is flooded, which may be caused by dragons digging holes and the water in Longkou. If all the dragons were moved to the ceiling, they wouldn't spit in the underground palace, so he ordered thousands of skilled craftsmen to carve many dragons with Jin Sinan wood carvings, which were covered with smallpox algae wells, creating the momentum of "dragons gather together and dragons are fragrant in Longkou".
Muling is located in Longquan Valley15km west of Changling Mausoleum in Qing Dynasty. This mausoleum is built in a special way, which is different from other tombs. It is a unique work of Daoguang Emperor. Muling became the most distinctive model of the Qing emperor's mausoleum with its exquisite architectural model, elegant architectural style and exquisite craftsmanship. The brown-yellow and grayish-yellow walls of nanmu after waxing, the blue sky and white clouds, and the golden roof with green trees are elegant and solemn, with a mysterious, simple and detached bearing.
At first, Daoguang's mausoleum was located in the Qing Dongling. In the spirit of Daoguang's pursuit of frugality, the mausoleum cancelled the two-column gate, the tile roof of the underground palace, the inscription of scriptures, the Buddha statue and other parts. Great halls, stone pavilions and stone statues are also smaller. Daoguang was built in seven years and buried in Mu, the filial piety queen. Unexpectedly, a year later, I found that the underground palace was leaking one foot and seven inches. In a rage, all the graves were razed to the ground. Daoguang chose the original site of Qingxi Mausoleum to rebuild the mausoleum, regardless of the customs of ancestors Zhao and Mu, which was decided by Qianlong. The design of the mausoleum is deliberately simple, with only 27 buildings, covering an area of 45.6 mu, nearly 80 mu smaller than the Tailing Mausoleum. But in fact, it is "frugal" outside and "extravagant" inside, and the materials used are extremely elegant. The fence adopts the technology of grinding brick joints and dry-swinging grouting to the top, which changes the traditional practice of rough upper gray bricks and dry-swinging lower shoulders with red slurry. Coupled with the experience of two constructions and one demolition, the cost of Daoguang Mausoleum is higher than that of any mausoleum in Xiling.
Mu Ling's Shinto gave up contact with Tailing, and a five-hole bridge was at the southernmost tip. Because of the failure of the Opium War, Daoguang Emperor "failed his ancestors" and "failed the people of the world", so he ordered the cancellation of the sacred monuments and stone statues. To the north of Wukong Bridge is the Dragon and Phoenix Gate, which is the same as Xiaoling, Tailing and Changling, but slightly smaller. In the north of Longfengmen, there is a Ma Xia Monument with a small tombstone pavilion. The front of the monument is engraved with posthumous title, Xuanzong, and the back is engraved with an inscription written by Emperor Xianfeng to describe Xuanzong's life story according to Daoguang's wishes, which is unique in the Qing Mausoleum and actually has a sacred and magical monument function.
To the north of Tombstone Pavilion is Shen Dao Bridge. Muling did not follow the practice of three roads and three holes, but became an arch bridge with a flat bridge on each side. There is an east-west room in the north of the bridge. The front porch is three wide and the depth is reduced to two. There is a classroom to the north of Fang Chao. Long En Gate was built on a stone sumeru pedestal, with a table covered with gold bricks, five rooms wide, a yellow glazed tile resting on the top of the mountain, a single eaves, three doors opened in the middle, and there was no burner in the door. The east-west annex hall is not big, only three rooms are wide, two rooms are deep, a front porch, and a single eaves rests on the top of the mountain.
Long en Dian is the most special. It changed the practice of five rooms wide to three rooms deep, and changed the double-eaves rest peak to a single-eaves rest peak. There are cloisters around the temple, and the railings and carved faucets around the platform and the main hall have been abolished. There are only two bronze stoves on the platform, no deer and no crane. There is a stone building and a Liu Jia building at the east and west corners of the platform. The three rooms in front of the main hall are all open, the middle of the east and west sides of the hall is open, and the rest are closed with brick walls. The wooden components of the Long 'en Hall and the East-West Attached Hall are all made of precious golden nanmu, which has an amazing cost and is not decorated with colorful paintings. On the basis of nanmu's natural color, its ceiling, assembled board, lattice ring board and sparrow replacement have all changed the traditional golden lotus.
Qing Xiling (4 pieces)
Water manuscripts, instead of high relief and through carving, have thousands of Yunlong, Youlong and Panlong (there are 7 14 woodcarving dragons in Long 'en Hall alone), and three * * have 13 18 woodcarving dragons, which have become unique artistic treasures in the tombs of emperors in Qing Dynasty, only in the main hall of chengde mountain resort. Daoguang believed that the Baohua Jade Palace was flooded because dragons were digging holes and longkou was spitting water. If dragons are invited to the sky, they will fight for water in the sky instead of spitting water into the underground palace. So he ordered thousands of skilled craftsmen to carve many dragons with Jin Sinan wood carvings, which were covered with smallpox algae wells, doors and windows, sparrows, partitions and so on. To create a scene in which many dragons compete for water. Nanmu is extremely hard, so it has not been repaired so far. There are three NuanGe in the north of Long 'en Hall, the middle NuanGe is dedicated to the brand of Daoguang Emperor, the west NuanGe is dedicated to the brand of Three Empresses, and the east NuanGe stores imperial edicts.
7 Mu Dongling Editor
It is the tomb of Emperor Daoguang Xiaojing, located in Shuangfeng Cave in the northeast of Muling, and was originally the tomb of Princess Muling. At the southernmost tip are two lower horse monuments next to Shinto, and on the left are the kitchen and the well pavilion (neither was built at the beginning, but was added later). Shinto is all brick, without the center stone and Tatar on both sides of Shinto in the Queen's tomb, and the three five-hole flat bridges are all traces left by the imperial concubine's sleep.
scale
The east-west building is five rooms wide, two rooms deep, with yellow glazed tiles with hard peaks (originally cloth tiles), three east-west rooms, three rooms wide on Long En's vertical surface, and yellow glazed tiles resting at the top of the mountain (originally blue glazed tiles, later all changed to yellow). There are two stoves in the door, which are three halls wide (there was none originally) and three halls wide. It used to get off the platform, but there were no railings and bronze cranes. Behind the temple is a wide wall, with a gatehouse in the middle door, a yellow glazed tile resting on the top of the mountain, a plaque with the word "Mu Dongling" written on the forehead, and corner doors on both sides of the middle door. To the north of the wall is Shi Wugong, and to the north is the platform. There is a circular treasure top on it, but there is no Fangcheng and Minglou. In the east of Baoding, there is a Baoding side by side, which is the imperial concubine Wu Yashi of Zhuang Shun.
Brief introduction of the queen
Xiao Jing, the filial piety queen, gave birth to Wang Yiji, the second son of Shun Di, and Wang Yiji, the third son of Hui Di, all died before the age of three. Daoguang12 1 65438+1October 21gave birth to the emperor's sixth son, Prince Yixin and Princess Jing. After the death of Empress Xiao Quancheng, Jing Guifei raised her son Xian Fengdi. After Xianfeng succeeded to the throne, she was honored as the imperial concubine of Emperor Gao Kangci and was taken good care of. However, after her death, her son Prince Gong Yixin asked Xianfeng to grant her the title of queen for burial. Xianfeng didn't give up, just gave up with the word "oh oh". However, Yi Xin, as the minister of military affairs, made the military department the title of "Empress Dowager", forcing Emperor Xianfeng to accept the fait accompli. Xianfeng is extremely dissatisfied and angry about this. Although he didn't cancel the title of Queen, he reduced his death in funeral etiquette, didn't add the word "Cheng" to posthumous title, and made excuses to remove Prince Gong from the post of military affairs minister. After Xianfeng's death, Prince Gong, together with the Empress Dowager of the two palaces, launched a Xinyou coup, dismissed eight ministers who took care of Xianfeng's life, regained control of the military department, sealed the deliberation king, promoted his mother's memorial tablet to the ancestral temple, and made him the filial piety queen. Bolzigjitkin was neither the queen established by Daoguang before his death, nor his son succeeded him as emperor. He was buried as a queen and enjoyed the ancestral temple, which was unique in the Qing Dynasty.
Zhuang Shungui's concubine Wu Yashi was born Prince X of Iraq, Prince X of Iraq, King Yi of Zhongxian County, King Mi of Fuxian County, and Princess Lin Guifei. Tongzhi died five years ago.
Xiaojing became the queen of Baoding in the north, and three rows of Baoding were scattered, and a total of 15 people were buried, including 3 imperial concubines, 4 concubines, 4 wives and 4 nobles, respectively:
There are five people buried in the front line from the south, from east to west, Tian Ai (who died in the 25th year of Daoguang), He Fei Nala (the eldest son of the king of Yinjun, who died in Daoguang 16), Chang Fei He Sai Rihara (who lived in Xianfeng Yuanmingyuan in the invasion of Britain and France in 10 and died of fright) and Niu.
Five people were buried in the second line in the north. From east to west, there are Pingguiren (died in Daoguang for three years), Dingguiren (died in Daoguang for twenty-two years), Li Guiren, Tongguiren Shu Mulu (first as a noble, then as a Daoguang noble, then as a noble in Tongzhi and died in Guangxu for three years), and Jia Guiren Guo Jiashi (first as a concubine, Daoguang was reduced to a noble and lived in Tongzhi).
Five people were buried on the third line in the north. From east to west, they were nobles (Emperor Gaochang was promoted in the reign of Daoguang, Emperor Xianfeng was promoted in the reign of Tongzhi, and the year of death was unknown), Hengqi (who died in the second year of Guangxu), Zhenfei Hersekhara and Niu (who was reduced to nobles in the reign of Daoguang and Tongzhi).
8 Guangxu Chongling Editor-in-Chief
Yu Jinlong, located about 4 kilometers southeast of Tailing, is the last surviving mausoleum in China. It was founded in the first year of Xuantong (1909) and completed in the fourth year of the Republic of China (19 15). The number and scale of buildings in chongling are in full compliance with Tongzhi Hui Ling. Skilled in construction, there are rare arhat pine and silver pine in the musical instrument tree of the cemetery. Emperor Guangxu and his queen Yulong were buried together in this underground palace.
Chongling is the mausoleum of Emperor Guangxu and the last imperial tomb in China. Emperor Guangxu was famous for his love for Xinjue Roche. His father is Prince Chun, the seventh son of Daoguang, and his mother Ye He Na La is the sister of Empress Dowager Cixi. After the death of Emperor Tongzhi, Empress Dowager Cixi decided to inherit the throne.
When Guangxu ascended the throne, it was at a time when the Qing Dynasty was at home and abroad, and the construction of the mausoleum could not be broken as scheduled. It was not until 1908 that Emperor Guangxu died that Xuantong began to handle it. During the construction period, the Qing Dynasty was on the verge of extinction. Emperor Xuan Tong and Empress Yulong abdicated and asked the government of the Republic of China: "If the unfinished project of Dezong chongling is properly restored, its Feng 'an ceremony will remain the same as the old system, and all actual expenses will be borne by the Republic of China. "At that time, the Nanjing Provisional Government and representatives of provincial governors demanded leniency and promised to give clean rooms.
Chongling was founded in 1909, and its mausoleum is named Yu Jinlong. Although its scale is not as large as that of the tombs of Yongzheng and Jiaqing, and there are no big stone pavilions, stone statues and other buildings, it still has its own characteristics except inheriting the regulations of establishing tombs in Qing Dynasty and referring to the style of Dingling of Xianfeng Emperor and Hui Ling of Tongzhi Emperor. According to the needs of guards and sacrificial handles, the whole mausoleum is built with five-hole bridges, inspection rooms, arched doors, kitchens, three-way and three-hole bridges, courtrooms, board houses, Long 'en Gate, Liaolu, Attached Hall, Si Long Hall, Sanmen, Fifteenth Palace, Fangcheng, Minglou, Baoding and Underground Palace. In order to enhance the drainage performance, a 2-meter-wide apron was built at the base of each palace, and the Royal Belt River was dug in front of the Ming Building and Sanmen respectively, and a 14 water tunnel was dug in the underground palace to communicate with Longxugou. The wood of Si Long Hall is extremely precious copper algae and iron algae, and its texture is extremely hard. Ordinary plush chairs made of this kind of wood weigh as much as100kg, so Si Long Hall is called "copper beam and iron column". Adding spacer between beams can not only support the roof, but also make the hall more beautiful. There are four bright columns in Si Long Hall, with patterns of sea water and duck river at the bottom. As a golden dragon, the pillars are coiled upwards, which is more magnificent than other precious flowers in the mausoleum.
Guangxu chongling
When Guangxu died, the mausoleum had not been built, and his Zigong (coffin) was temporarily placed in the Guande Hall of the Forbidden City.
1March, 909, Guangxu's coffin was moved from Guande Hall to Lianggezhuang Palace in Xiling for parking, all the way up and down, costing more than 438,400 taels of silver. Although there was a train from Beijing to Xiling, Guangxu's coffin was still carried by people. There is a guard to clear the way in front, followed by the emperor and the prince, followed by the Jade Dragon Queen and the Imperial Lady Jin, and finally 1400 vehicles. Carry the coffin to Fuchengmen, which is only ten miles away, with notes withdrawn 1000 Jin and silver used for 260 Liang. During the 240-mile journey from Beijing to Xiling, porters are divided into 60 classes every day, each class has 128 people, and they take turns to carry coffins and March hard. It cost twenty-nine thousand taels of silver to set up a reed hall for three nights along the way. After four days and three nights, Guangxu's coffin was transported to Lianggezhuang Palace and placed in the main hall.
Chongling was built in Yu Jinlong on 19 13, and Guangxu's coffin was officially placed in chongling underground palace on 1 1 month 16.
The Jade Dragon Queen died in 19 13 and was also buried in the underground palace.
While Guangxu's coffin was officially placed in chongling Underground Palace, the adherents of the Qing Dynasty were still in front of this imperial tomb, performing an extremely loyal farce. Liang Dingfen, Guangxu's teacher, is a typical example. During his construction in chongling, he often went to the construction site to raise funds for the project. At the time of the funeral for Guangxu, he walked from the palace to the lower palace with the help of two relatives in front of the mausoleum (pulling the rope of Lingshu). When people put coffins and funerary wares properly and withdrew from the underground palace, only Liang Dingfen was sitting in the underground palace frantically, preparing to be buried for Guangxu. It's over after being recited by his relatives.
Although the Qing court left a large sum of money to build chongling, Guangxu still failed to sleep in his underground bedroom. 193 1 During the scuffle between warlords, a group of unidentified soldiers robbed the underground palace in chongling, and most of the funerary objects were robbed. 1June, 1980, with the approval of the superior, the Qing Xiling Cultural Relics Management Office opened the underground palace to clean and renovate it for domestic and foreign tourists to visit. The total length of this underground tomb is 63. 19 meters. It is a stone arch voucher-style building without beams and columns, with four stone gates and nine vouchers. The gatehouse, battlements, doorframes and door bolts are all blue and white stones, engraved with ridges, ridges, vases and other patterns. Each stone gate has a huge bronze door leaf, and eight stone gates are carved with statues of eight bodhisattvas respectively. There is a treasure bed in the golden coupon, and there is a gold well in the middle of the treasure bed. The coffins of Emperor Guangxu and Queen Yulong were parked on the treasure bed. Although the underground palace was stolen, hundreds of cultural relics such as jewels, jade articles and jade articles were unearthed.
9 Editor of Puyi Tomb
Xuan Tong Emperor Puyi died in 1967 and was first buried in Babaoshan. 1995 was moved and buried in the Hualong Royal Cemetery in Qing Xiling.
At that time, the staff of Qing Xiling found Puyi's last wife Li and persuaded her to move Puyi's tomb to Qing Xiling 1995. According to the person in charge of Qing Xiling, Puyi's tomb was moved to Qing Xiling. First, at the beginning of Pu Yi's accession to the throne, it was determined that this place was his grave. In addition, Yixian County, Baoding, where Qing Xiling is located, has poor economic conditions, which can promote the development of tourism.
Puyi tomb
Xuan Tong was the tenth emperor of the Qing Dynasty and the last emperor of feudal society in China. Aisin Giorro Puyi, emperor of Xuan Tong, was born in 1906 and died in 1967. His father is Zai Feng, the younger brother of Emperor Guangxu. On both sides of Puyi's tomb, Tan Yuling, whom Puyi really loved, is graceful.
Ctrip comments on the evaluation of Song Ting Academy in Qingxiling, Yixian County, Hebei Province. What you want to ask is Ctrip's evaluation of Qingxiling Song Ting Academy in Yixian County, Hebei Province? The evaluation of this hotel is quite good.
Song Ting Academy (Tailingdian, Yixian County) is located in Qingxiling Cemetery, Yixian County, Hebei Province. It is a rural public welfare academy located at the seaside of ancient pine forest. Designed by Cao Nan, a professional in architectural history of Tsinghua University Architectural Design Institute, and Ms. Mei Jing, the founder of Song Ting Academy. In other words, it maintains the traditional residential architectural style of the Qing Dynasty and injects modern design style. Stepping into it, people can feel the blend of history and modernity. The overall temperament of the building is simple and elegant, and the interior decoration is exquisite and meticulous. All the articles used are well-known brands at home and abroad. The subtleties highlight the designer's people-oriented design concept and make visitors feel careful and considerate.
The hotel is 47.5 kilometers from Taya Post Station, about 57 minutes' drive, 57.9 kilometers from Gaobeidian Railway Station, about 55 minutes' drive, and 37 minutes' drive from downtown 16.4 kilometers.
Surrounding attractions are: Qing Xiling, Yunmeng Mountain Royal Forest Park, Tailing, Jing Ke Tower, Muling, chongling and so on.
Why is Qing Xiling not as famous as Qing Dongling? What are the tombs of emperors in the Qing tombs? Different from the Ming Tombs, the imperial tombs of the Qing Dynasty are divided into two places, namely the Qing Dongling Mausoleum and the Qing Xiling Mausoleum. The nine emperors who entered the customs after the Qing Dynasty were buried in two different imperial tombs.
The most intuitive difference between Qing Dongling Mausoleum and Qing Xiling Mausoleum is that they are located in different geographical locations, and the construction time is also divided into different periods. One more thing, as we mentioned earlier, emperors in the Qing Dynasty were buried differently.
Royal Mausoleum in Eastern Qing Dynasty
Located in zunhua city, Tangshan City, Hebei Province, the Qing Tombs were built in the 18th year of Shunzhi, after the emperor shunzhi died. The five emperors Shunzhi, Kangxi, Qianlong, Xianfeng and Tongzhi were all buried here. Qing Xiling is located in Yixian County, Baoding City, Hebei Province. Founded in Yong Zhengdi, Yongzheng and Jiaqing years, Yongzheng was eight years old.