The middle and lower reaches of the ancient Yellow River had a mild climate and abundant rainfall, which was suitable for primitive human survival.
The loess plateau and the alluvial plain of the Yellow River have loose soil and are easy to cultivate, which is suitable for developing primitive agriculture and animal husbandry. The characteristics of loess are beneficial for our ancestors to dig holes and live together.
The special natural geographical environment provided good conditions for the development of ancient civilization in China. As early as 165438+ million years ago, "Lantian people" lived in the Yellow River basin. There are also "Dali people", "Dingcun people" and "Hetao people" living in the basin.
Yangshao culture, Majiayao culture, Dawenkou culture, Longshan culture and many other ancient cultural sites are spread all over the country. These ancient cultural relics are not only numerous and complete in variety, but also developing from far to near, systematically demonstrating the development process of ancient civilization in China. ?
The Yellow River is the root of us in China.
As early as 6000 years ago, agricultural activities began to appear in the basin. About 4000 years ago, some blood tribes were formed in the basin, among which Yan Di and Huangdi were the most powerful tribes. Later, the Yellow Emperor gained the position of leader and merged with other tribes to form the "Huaxia nationality". Later generations regard the Yellow Emperor as the ancestor of the Chinese nation.
There are The Yellow Emperor's Palace in xinzheng city, Henan Province, the birthplace of the Yellow Emperor, and the Mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor in huangling county, Shaanxi Province. The descendants of the Chinese people all over the world regard the Yellow River Basin as the cradle of the Chinese nation, calling it the "Mother River" and the "Sect of Four Disgraces", and regard the yellow land as their "root". ?
The Yellow River culture is the pride of our nation.
From the Xia Dynasty in the 2nd/kloc-0th century BC, in the historical period of more than 4,000 years, the dynasties established their capital in the Yellow River basin for more than 3,000 years. Among the "seven ancient capitals" in the history of China, Anyang, Xi, Luoyang and Kaifeng are located in the Yellow River Basin and its adjacent areas. A large number of Oracle Bone Inscriptions remains in Yindu (which belonged to the Yellow River valley at that time), creating a precedent for written records in China.
Xi 'an (including Xianyang), from the Western Zhou Dynasty, Qin Dynasty and Han Dynasty to Sui Dynasty and Tang Dynasty, has 13 dynasties as its capital, with a history of thousands of years, and is a famous "Eight Rivers Imperial Capital". After the Eastern Zhou Dynasty moved its capital to Luoyang, the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Wei Dynasty, the Sui Dynasty, the Tang Dynasty, Hou Liang and the Hou Zhou all established their capitals in Luoyang, which lasted for more than 900 years and was known as the "ancient capital of nine dynasties".
Kaifeng, located on the south bank of the Yellow River, was called Bianliang in ancient times. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Wei Huiwang moved its capital to Daliang, and the capital was established here in the Northern Song Dynasty, which lasted about 200 years.
For a long time, the political, economic and cultural center of China has been in the Yellow River Basin. The middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River are the earliest areas for the development of science, technology, literature and art in China. Around 2000 BC, bronzes appeared in the basin, and the bronze smelting technology of Shang Dynasty reached a fairly high level, and iron smelting began to appear at the same time, marking the development of productive forces to a new stage.
The shovel and iron axe unearthed in Luoyang after a series of treatments show that China developed the softening technology of cast iron more than 2000 years earlier than European countries. China's ancient "four great inventions"-papermaking, movable type printing, compass and gunpowder-all originated in the Yellow River basin.
Extended data:
The Yellow River originated in Zhaqu at the southern foot of ChaHasila Mountain, bayan har branch of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, in the south it originated in Kariqu at the northern foot of Geyaya Mountain, bayan har branch, and in the west it originated in Yueguzong music in the west of Xingsuhai.
It is shaped like a "few" and flows from west to east through nine provinces (autonomous regions) including Qinghai, Sichuan, Gansu, Ningxia, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan and Shandong, and finally flows into the Bohai Sea.
The middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River are dominated by mountains, while the middle and lower reaches are dominated by plains and hills. Because the middle section of the river flows through the Loess Plateau in China and carries a lot of sediment, it is also called the river with the largest sediment concentration in the world. However, in the history of China, the diversion of the lower Yellow River has brought great influence to human civilization.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Yellow River