Jade bracelet appraisal certificate professional authority. Most of the general certificates are certified by professional appraisal institutions recognized by the local government, jewelry appraisal departments of the local State Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision or geological research institutions of some universities! The appraisal certificates issued by these places have certain authority and credibility. The certificate should correspond to the real thing one by one, that is, a thing is a certificate, and there will be photos of the real thing on the front of the certificate. Although some things come from a piece of raw material and look similar in appearance, jade ornaments are not exactly the same. One thing with a certificate can't prove the quality of the whole batch of things. Consumers should see a numbered description on the jade bracelet when they buy it. Generally, an identification bar will be affixed at any position on the inner ring of the bracelet, and one bracelet corresponds to an identification certificate.
Grasp the identification link
Although many collectors are experts in jadeite, the rapid development of science and technology makes no one dare to despise the optimization and treatment of jadeite. Therefore, we must be cautious when collecting jadeite, especially high-value jadeite. It is best to have a professional appraisal institution to issue a legally effective appraisal certificate. Never be careless or trust your eyesight too much.
Choose the correct collection method
Choosing the right collection channel is the guarantee of jade quality. Jade from different sources may not only have uncertain quality, but also its authenticity is unknown. Of course, if it can be determined that it is a natural product without artificial treatment, then the price of the commodity becomes the first problem. Different channels will directly affect its price. For example, jadeite purchased from the retail market has increased its profit in the retail sector, and its actual value is difficult to be evaluated according to its purchase price. But if you buy from a professional wholesale enterprise, the situation is very different.
Understand the market price
Collectibles are not necessarily commodities, but jadeite collections are commodities among commodities. It will always have the commercial circulation of society. In today's society, the original stone of jadeite can even be used to mortgage loans to banks, and the value of jadeite that can be used as a collection should have good stability. So how can we accurately determine the value of jade collection? This also depends on the market situation, that is, the so-called accompanying market. Jade is naturally produced, and there is no artificial credit attached to it, so we can't evaluate its value only from its natural attributes. But as a collection of jade products, it contains its creative carving process, so it is valuable. However, in different social and historical periods, its value is not static, and it changes with market recognition and other factors. Therefore, when determining the price of jade collection at any time, we must carefully understand the market conditions at that time in order to make an accurate judgment.
Do a good job of storage and placement.
Although jadeite is the king of jade, its hardness, toughness, luster, transparency and other physical and chemical indicators are above 90%, but there are also problems of usual maintenance. The simplest storage is normal wear. As the saying goes, "people raise jade, and jade raises people." Due to the long-term "polishing" of the human body, the surface luster of jadeite will be improved to a certain extent after being worn for a long time, so in jargon, it is "hiding without wearing". Jade was discovered in China. For hundreds of years, people of all ethnic groups in western Yunnan have worked hard to introduce jadeite to the mainland and coastal areas, and at the expense of blood and life, they finally pushed jadeite to the world, making jadeite art shine brilliantly. Since jade went to the world and participated in the world precious jewelry trade, the price has soared. Of all the precious stones, only the price of jadeite has not been affected by the world economy. Since the mid-1980s, the price of super jadeite has soared nearly 3000 times, and it is still bullish. There are many reasons, mainly the deepening of people's understanding of jadeite and the decrease of super jadeite. However, with the rising status and price of jadeite, there are more and more artificial jadeite products, which are sold as high-grade jadeite to obtain high profits. At this time, it is necessary to master some methods of how to identify jadeite to avoid being blindly confused and deceived when buying.
How to distinguish a, b and c jadeites;
A cargo jadeite refers to pure natural jadeite without any artificial chemical treatment, which has the potential of maintaining and increasing value. Emerald B is a product optimized by artificial chemical treatment with low-grade jadeite. The impurities and black spots of jadeite are removed by pickling, which makes jadeite look clean and free of impurities, but the structure of jadeite has been destroyed and is worthless. Jade C goods are artificially dyed on the basis of B goods, and also belong to inferior products.
Grade B jadeite is made by soaking real jadeite with extremely low grade in strong acid and then injecting glue. Its color is colorless, the surface of jadeite is corroded into pits, there is no jadeite, and the surface of jadeite has a sticky feeling.
How to distinguish C jadeite from B jadeite lies in the discoloration of C jadeite, which is often dyed green and purple. Under strong light, you can see that there is a dividing line between color and crystal particles, and the color of jadeite surface is distributed along the silk screen without roots.
Bian Xiao is here to provide you with some jade identification methods:
The luster of jadeite
Emerald has a glass luster, the reflective surface is as bright and sharp as glass, and the reflective points are concentrated and not divergent. Jade with high transparency and strong glass luster is a popular fine jade variety. The jadeite of goods B and C is not bright, but as bright as oil.
Hardness of jadeite
Jade has high hardness, easy to cut glass, and high toughness, and will not be easily broken. After artificial treatment, the hardness of jadeite will be reduced, which is not as high as that of jadeite of A goods.
emerald green
Emerald, also known as "flying wing", is one of the identification methods of jadeite, especially when the particles that make up jadeite are coarse. If the particles that make up jadeite are very small, you can rarely see "emerald", such as the old pit glass jadeite, which is difficult to see with the naked eye. After artificial treatment, the "flying wing" can't be seen in the jade.
Emerald white cotton
White cotton refers to the translucent and slightly transparent white material with patches, strips, filaments and ripples inside jadeite. Although the existence of white cotton affects the beauty of jadeite more or less, it is also one of the identification methods of jadeite, and the white cotton of jadeite also reflects the natural attributes to some extent. If what you see is pure jade, without any impurities, and the price is relatively low, it must be artificially treated, so be careful.
The color origin of jadeite
Color root is a sign to judge the authenticity of jadeite green in jadeite identification. On all-green jade ornaments, when you see a little bit or a thin, slightly dark green, it is called a color root. And the high-grade super jade, green is very uniform, no depth, no color root. Genduo also affects its quality and price. Of course, the price of super jadeite is generally quite expensive. The colored roots of natural jadeite are visible in color and unevenly distributed, while the dyed jadeite is divergent, invisible, floating and distributed in the surface layer in a silk net shape.
Classification standard of grade a jadeite
(1) Super grade: bright green (emerald), apple green, glass floor (translucent, fine texture), even and bright, without impurities and cracks.
Commodity grade: green, oily green land, slightly transparent, translucent grandmother green veinlets and mottled green.
③ Ordinary grade: lotus root powder mill, bean green, light green, fine white and slightly transparent. Opaque jadeite is generally only used as jade ornaments.
Quality appraisal of a batch of jadeite.
1 texture. Natural jadeite is transparent or translucent in texture, and its surface is bright and shiny. If you look closely, you can see the nearly round and slightly transparent "salt particles" and the fibrous substances around them.
② Hardness. Natural jadeite is jadeite, and its Mohs hardness is 7 degrees. It will be carved by a sharp knife without leaving any trace. The hardness of fake jade is low, so a sharp knife can draw it out.
3 Emerald. When natural jadeite is observed under strong light, emeralds with other mineral particles can be seen, which are called Cui Hua or emeralds. Fakes made of glass, plastic and porcelain have no such "emerald" characteristics.
④ Relative density (specific gravity). Natural jadeite has a hard and dense structure, no bubbles, high density, and clear sound when knocking; Fake products have loose structure or bubbles, low density and hoarse knocking sound.
⑤ color. The real product is rich and pure emerald color. Some fakes are made of white jade, serpentine, Australian jade, Han Guoyu, marble and even various stones. After decoloring, it is filled with high-hardness plastic slurry and colored, or soaked in green liquid to make "colorful jade". Observing under strong light, you can see green lines, which are messy and small; Some lines are not obvious, but they are not clear.
Jade A goods identification skills eyesight perception 1) Look at the front and back colors (natural and dyed). Natural jadeite has colored roots with visible colors and uneven distribution; Dyed jadeite is divergent, invisible, floating and distributed in the surface layer in a silk mesh.
2) Look at the transparency (planting water) The transparency of natural jadeite is uneven, and the boundaries between transparent and opaque parts are clear;
3) According to the surface gloss, smoothness and smoothness, natural jadeite has bright luster and smooth and round surface, while B-grade jadeite and coated jadeite have rough surfaces and weak luster, and Hetian jade (white jade) presents oily luster.
4), look at the internal cleanliness, A goods contain a small amount of impurities, especially dirty spots and yellow-brown oxidation rust color (secondary color), B goods and B+C goods are clean inside, generally there will be no oxidation rust color.
5) Look at the performance of jadeite, emerald-an intuitive expression of the granularity and mutual combination of jadeite minerals in jadeite. A flying wing (jadeite and counterfeit varieties), observed under the reflected light of jadeite, the reflected light of the cleavage surface of jadeite minerals visible on the rough surface, namely "flying wing". On the smooth plane, you can also see "flying wing" B and "orange peel effect" under the spotlight. On the polished plane, natural jadeite will show unevenness in different sizes and directions-orange peel effect. The boundary between the protrusions and depressions of Grade A jadeite is gradually smooth, while the boundary between the protrusions and depressions of Grade B jadeite is separated by acid corrosion cracks. Quartzite jade and jadeite jade imitating jadeite will not have orange peel effect C and structure-floc. By side light or bottom light, the internal structure of jadeite presents a cotton-like substance, also known as "cotton". The "floc" of A-brand jadeite is a long-strip interwoven structure, while the floc structure of B-brand jadeite is relatively rough and loose, and the "floc" of water foam or quartzite jade presents the characteristics of sugar particle size.
6), look at the process. A goods are fine in workmanship and well polished, while B goods and B+C goods are poor in workmanship and poor in polishing feel (feel balance, feel). Hand balance: the ratio is heavy, and the hand balance is heavy, while Xiuyu, dushan jade, dyed quartzite and water foam have light hand balance.
Hand rubbing: the surface of goods A is smooth, the surface of goods B is rough, and the coated jade and jade have a sticky feeling; Jade feels cool with your hands, while glass feels warm with your ears. The knocking sound of A jadeite is crisp and metallic, which echoes the bracelet. B goods and other jades knock dully, and the bracelet has no response. The above methods are summarized from the previous experience, and the accuracy is actually very high. The most accurate method still needs scientific identification with the help of instruments. (According to the structure, physical characteristics and chemical composition of jadeite. ) Color, transparency, uniformity, shape and percussion are the ways for ordinary people to appreciate or evaluate jadeite. Jadeite can be divided into: glass seed, dark pit, old pit, gold wire, oil clear, bean green, flower green and melon green.
Among them, the jadeite with glass seed is the top grade, and the one with high water content and good transparency is also called "ice seed", which can be said to be a treasure in "glass seed". Most consumers who buy jade bracelets may have this experience, that is, merchants will knock the jade bracelet on your face to see if its sound is crisp and clear, and it is better to be crisp and melodious. This is to prove that the crystal of jade is dense, the texture is good and there is no crack. When you buy jade, please see the following eight-point standard for jade measurement 1. The more tender, the more valuable. 2. Transparency: The jadeite crystal structure is compact and the transparency is high. What we call "glass seed" is this kind of jadeite with high transparency. For example, because jade itself is rich in chromium, it is valuable and hard to find to form ice jadeite. 3. Uniform color: In addition to green and tender color and high transparency, it must be uniform to be the top grade. 4. Defects: Pay attention to whether there are cracks and spots, which will affect the quality of jadeite. 5. Shape: Most jadeite rings are oval, but there are many other shapes. The shape and beauty also have an impact on the price of jadeite. 6. Carver or grinder: The quality of the work and the symbolic meaning of the ornaments have an impact on the price. 7. Size and thickness: Of course, jade of the same quality, big and thick, is expensive. 8. Gloss: Gloss should be bright, not dark.
Eight characteristics of good jadeite
Look at the structure The structure of jadeite jade is mainly metamorphic structure, metasomatic texture and cataclastic structure, and the most common is granular columnar metamorphic structure. The finer and more uniform the particle size, the better the texture and permeability of jadeite. Observe the granularity and granularity of minerals with the help of special instruments; When it is 0.55mm, the jadeite has a rough texture and poor gloss.
Second, look at the pit. The "new" and "old" of jadeite refer to new pits and old pits. The mineralization age of the old pit is early, the emerald body is fuller and denser, and the color is brighter. Compared with the new pit, it has weak toughness, poor gloss and more expensive price.
Third, look at the color. Emeralds come in many colors, including light green. And green is also the most popular color, among which bright green has the highest price, followed by cyan, green, sunny green, dark green, light green and dark green.
Look at the head. If the water head is enough and the transparency is good, the original color of jadeite will be more bright and bright. Among glass species, ice species and wax species, glass species has the best water head and higher price.
Fifth, look at the land. Di Zi has a lot to do with the greenness of jadeite. If the soil can set off the green color in jade and make it look more delicate and transparent, the quality of jade can be improved.
Sixth, look at the luster. The better the luster, the more moist, bright, full and crystal clear the jadeite looks.
Seventh, look at the feel. Because jadeite has good thermal conductivity, it will feel cool to the touch, which is also a simple way (but not absolute) for many people to distinguish between true and false jadeite. Good jadeite feels delicate and moist.
Eight o'clock is fine. Correct color, good uniformity, good transparency, fullness and transparency, and meticulous carving are the perfect works.