The formation reason and process of jade materials are not much different from ordinary stones and iron ores, but the mining situation is different. This is caused by the different forms of jade ore in nature.

What kind of jade is good? This question is difficult to answer, because jade has a wide meaning. Xu Shen said: "Jade is the beauty of stone." Therefore, generally speaking, beautiful stones that are naturally generated and can become delicate, smooth, bright in color, tough in texture and stable in chemical properties after processing can be classified as jade.

We usually talk about nephrite and jadeite. Nephrite refers to jadeite composed of tremolite-actinolite minerals, namely white jade, sapphire, jasper and topaz. Jadeite refers to jadeite similar to nephrite, which is native to Myanmar. Diamonds, rubies and sapphires, agates and crystals are mostly minerals with single crystal structure, which belong to precious stones in a narrow sense; Ivory, coral, coal crystal and tortoise shell are all "organic gems". The requirements for soft and hard jade are the same, that is, the texture is hard and dense, and the color is crystal clear and beautiful.

However, jade culture is really a profound and special culture that only China has. It really fills the whole historical period of China, and the anecdotes about her are colorful and bizarre, which makes people dizzying.

China wrote many words in jade, such as "Ball, Forest, Lang, Ring ..." There are about 500 words, and people's descriptions of beautiful things are also accompanied by a jade word. Such as jade girl, jade hand, jade capacity, jade appearance, jade photo, jade sound, jade food ... even for the sacrifice of justice or integrity, it is described as "jade broken". In China's ancient literary biographies, there are many stories about jade that make people cry.

Although jade culture has also been found in other regions and countries, it has a long history as China, from primitive backwardness, slash-and-burn and barbarism in the early Neolithic Age 10,000 years ago to the advanced electronic and aerospace age today. This phenomenon, which accompanied the whole historical period of the Chinese nation, is unique in the world. Moreover, the connotation of jade culture in China is rich and profound, and the degree of personalization and mystification is incredible.

■ Identification method of jade authenticity

Emerald is expensive, and the selection technology is very demanding. It is difficult for most consumers to distinguish its advantages and disadvantages, and it is easy to buy inferior products or fakes with a little carelessness and suffer huge economic losses. There are many jade shops in the market, and jade articles are generally divided into nephrite and jadeite. Emerald is also called emerald. Academically speaking, nephrite is a silicate containing calcium, magnesium and iron; Jadeite is a silicate containing sodium and aluminum.

Here are the advantages and disadvantages of jadeite, and the methods to distinguish between true and false:

Identification method of water → Drop a drop of water on jade, if it is dewdrop-shaped, it is real jade; The water droplets disappear quickly, which is a fake.

Touch by hand → Real jade will feel cold and lubricated if touched by hand.

Inspection method → Put jade in bright places such as sunshine and light. If the color is clear and the green is evenly distributed, it is a real jade.

Licking the tongue → licking the real jade with the tip of the tongue has a astringent feeling; Fake jade has no astringency.

Magnifying glass viewing method → Put the purchased jade under a magnifying glass to watch, mainly to see whether there are cracks. The jade without cracks is the best quality jade, followed by cracks. Even if it is real jade, the value of cracks is greatly reduced. The more cracks, the more obvious and the lower the value.