Because of its good chemical properties of high temperature resistance, low temperature resistance, strong acid resistance, strong alkali resistance, high strength, low density and stability, titanium, known as "space metal", can be alloyed with other elements such as iron, aluminum, vanadium or molybdenum to produce high-strength light alloys, which are widely used in various fields, including aerospace (jet engines, missiles and spacecraft), military and industrial procedures (chemical and petroleum products, seawater desalination and paper making) This is the most extraordinary metal in 2 1 century. As a new metal material, titanium has only a history of more than 50 years. However, due to its excellent performance, it has developed very rapidly, and now it has become a key material and supporting material in engineering technology and high-tech fields. At present, developed countries in the world attach great importance to the development and application of titanium. Titanium and its alloys play an important role in a country's national defense, economy and scientific and technological development. The application of titanium and the development level of titanium industry have become an important symbol of a country's comprehensive strength. From the industrial value, resource life and development prospect of titanium, with the deepening of new technological revolution and industrial revolution, titanium will become the "third metal" after iron and aluminum, and 2 1 century will be the "century of titanium".
The reason why titanium can become a metal in the new century is determined by its extraordinary and unique properties and functions. Specifically, titanium has the following characteristics and functions:
1, high specific strength (ratio of tensile strength to specific gravity). The specific strength of pure titanium and titanium alloy is 2.3 times and 3.8 times that of low carbon steel and 0.8 times and 3 times that of 65438+ stainless steel, respectively. Therefore, titanium is a lightweight and high-strength metal structural material, which is widely used in the aviation field and becomes an indispensable structural material. Increasing the amount of titanium used in aircraft has become an important symbol of aircraft upgrading. For example, the titanium consumption of YF- 12 supersonic long-range interceptor has reached 95% of the weight of the whole aircraft, and the titanium consumption of civil aircraft is also rising sharply at present to meet its constantly improving flight performance. This characteristic of titanium is also widely used in general industrial and daily necessities, such as high-speed generator retaining rings, steam turbine blades, high-end bicycles, golf clubs, high-end spectacle frames and so on. Analyze the real purpose of mainstream funds and find the best profit opportunities! )
2, high temperature resistance, good low temperature performance. Titanium alloy can still maintain good mechanical properties at about 500℃, and titanium alloy is needed for important parts of aero-engines and high-speed aircraft. What's more, titanium alloy also has excellent low temperature resistance, which can maintain good ductility and toughness at the low temperature of-196℃ to -253℃, especially suitable for the requirements of space environment for materials. Therefore, titanium is also called "space metal". The cockpit of American Gemini spacecraft is almost entirely made of titanium.
3. Strong corrosion resistance. Titanium is a very active metal, but because it is easy to form a dense and stable oxide film on its surface in air, it is a metal with strong passivation tendency, so it has very strong corrosion resistance and is one of the best anti-corrosion materials. Titanium is a metal that can be produced in large quantities at present, with the lowest price and almost no corrosion by seawater. It is an ideal material for ships and marine engineering. For example, each typhoon-class nuclear submarine in Russia uses 9000 tons of titanium, which can not only increase the diving depth, but also improve the sailing speed; Titanium is also widely used in offshore oil exploitation, nuclear power plants and coastal power stations. Therefore, titanium is also called "marine metal". The corrosion resistance of titanium is more important in the chemical field. Now, all kinds of titanium equipment have been widely used in chlor-alkali, soda ash, urea, salt making and other industries, which have brought remarkable economic benefits to these industries.
4. Non-magnetic and nontoxic. Titanium will not be magnetized in large magnetic field, which makes it possible for titanium to be used in magnetic control equipment. Titanium hull can avoid magnetic thunder explosion; Titanium is nontoxic and has good compatibility with human tissues and blood. Bone and pacemaker made of titanium not only have strong affinity with human body, but also will not be affected by strong magnetic field environment. Titanium is also an ideal equipment material for pharmaceutical industry. Therefore, titanium is also called "biological metal".
5. Memory function. The memory function of titanium means that titanium alloy has the ability to remember its own shape. If the car shell is made of this alloy, it will be as good as ever as long as it is poured with hot water after being knocked flat. This magical function of titanium makes it an irreplaceable metal material in special engineering, aerospace, medical treatment and other fields.
6. Superconducting function. The superconducting function of titanium means that a titanium alloy will show zero resistance when it is close to absolute zero, and the wire made of it can pass any large current without heating and consuming energy, so it is the best material for transmitting electric energy.
7. Hydrogen absorption function. The hydrogen absorption function of titanium means that titanium can absorb a large amount of hydrogen, which can be safely stored and released in a certain environment. This has a broad application prospect in hydrogen separation, hydrogen purification, hydrogen storage and transportation, and the manufacture of heat pumps and batteries using hydrogen as energy, which makes it possible for hydrogen to be widely used as a "clean" energy source that may replace petroleum.
The appearance of titanium has brought the use of metal materials into a new era. Titanium has been widely used in aviation, aerospace, shipbuilding, metallurgy, petroleum, chemical industry, electric power, electronics, weapons, papermaking, medicine, construction, automobile, marine engineering, geothermal engineering, sports, tourism, daily necessities and other fields. The wide application of titanium has brought great economic benefits to the society. According to statistics, in chemical industry, metallurgy, vacuum salt making, electric power and other fields. The annual economic benefit per ton of titanium can be more than 65438+ 10,000 yuan. At the same time, the extensive use of titanium has also become a symbol of the development level of human civilization. Humans have moved from the Stone Age, the Bronze Age, the Iron Age, the Steel Age and the Aluminum Alloy Age to the Titanium Age, and titanium will create new miracles for human society.
Titanium is extremely rich in resources, accounting for six thousandths of the weight of the earth's crust, and its exploitable life is second only to iron, which can reach more than five or six thousand years. China ranks first in titanium resources in the world. According to statistics, China's titanium reserves are about 64% of the world's proven reserves, which provides a unique condition for China to develop titanium industry and expand its application.
The melting process of titanium is complex, difficult to process and high in technology. At present, only a few countries in the world, such as the United States, Russian, Japanese and China, have mastered complete industrial production technology. Titanium processing in China has a history of more than 40 years. Baoji Titanium Industry Co., Ltd. is the only professional titanium processing material production and scientific research base in China. Established by Baoji Nonferrous Metals Processing Factory, a giant titanium processing material producer in China, Northwest Nonferrous Metals Research Institute, China Nonferrous Metals Import and Export Shaanxi Company, Central South University, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Huaxia Property Company, the company closely combines industrial advantages, scientific research advantages and market advantages. At present, the titanium and titanium alloy processing products produced by the company account for more than 85% of the total output and sales volume of titanium materials in China every year, and 36 main products adopt international advanced technical standards. Baoji Titanium has become a well-known brand product in the international market.
China titanium industry is entering a period of rapid development. The unique resource conditions, broad application fields and strong support from the state have laid a solid foundation for the development of China titanium industry. We can say with confidence that in the near future, China will definitely become a powerful country in titanium industry in the world and make greater contributions to the development of human society.