The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival is an extremely precious representative work in China's ancient paintings and a rare cultural heritage in the world art galleries.
The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival is the work of Zhang Zeduan, a painter in Song Dynasty. This is a long scroll, which shows the customs and social conditions of Bianliang (now Kaifeng, Henan) in the Qingming period and Bianhe, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty. The content of the picture can be divided into three parts. The first part depicts the scene of the suburbs. In the early spring morning, the mist has not yet dispersed, and a small forest with budding branches is covered by several farmhouses; Farmland is green and buildings are criss-crossed. People who go to the market and mules and horses carrying loans head for the city from various roads. There are several big ships moored at the Bianhe Wharf, one of which is full of food and someone is busy carrying it.
Looking along the sparkling Bianhe exhibition, the picture enters the second part. The houses are strewn at random, the ancient willows are rugged, and there are tables and stools in the tea shop by the river. Ships come and go in the river. An exquisite arch bridge, like a rainbow, connects the two banks. There are many pedestrians, traffic, and people are buzzing, which is very lively. A wooden boat was about to cross the arch bridge when the mast fell and the boatman grabbed the pole. Under the bridge, many pedestrians stopped to watch. From the action of people opening their mouths and waving their arms, it seems that they can hear the shouts of boatmen and the cheers of everyone.
Get off the bridge, cross the street, walk past a towering gatehouse, and then come to the busiest market. This is the scene depicted in the third film. There are many restaurants, tea shops and shops in the mansion, and the loans are colorful and varied, and the market is soaring and the business is booming. In the market, scholars, farmers, businessmen, men and women, old and young, riding horses, sitting in sedan chairs, shopping, peddling, jostling with each other, are bustling, which can be described as "selling spring with all kinds of skills, and thousands of farmers clamoring day and night", and there is a scene of prosperity. Go straight after the intersection, but is Bianjing Palace important? The picture came to an abrupt end, leaving room for the audience to imagine.
The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival has been depicted from the suburban fields and the banks of the Bianhe River to the streets, with a large scale and complicated scenes. The author skillfully used the bird's-eye composition method to properly place the vast and complicated scenes on a picture no more than two feet long and no more than one foot high. According to statistics, there are more than 550 people, 50 or 60 animals, more than 20 cars, more than 20 boats and more than 30 houses. Whether it is an object or a painter, the pen is exquisite and meticulous, reaching a vivid, accurate and realistic realm. This fully shows the painter's extraordinary talent and superb painting skills in summing up life and refining materials.
The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival not only occupies an important position in the painting history of China, but also has extremely high historical value because it describes the customs, bridges, road traffic and interpersonal relationships at that time, and has become an extremely precious video material for studying all aspects of society in the Song Dynasty.
Appreciation of Riverside Scene in Qingming Festival, Riverside Scene in Qingming Festival and Folk Painting in Northern Song Dynasty. A masterpiece handed down from generation to generation, a first-class national treasure. The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival is one of the most famous works in China's painting history. It is not only of superb artistic level, but also has many interesting stories circulating around it.
Author Zhang Zeduan, whose name is Zhengdao, was born in Wu Dong (now Zhucheng, Shandong Province). Song Huizong is a court painter. When I was a teenager, I went to study in the capital city of Bianliang (now Kaifeng, Henan). After that, I learned painting, especially painting boats and cars, painting urban bridges, painting Guo Jing, and getting married. The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival is Zhang Zeduan's masterpiece, which was collected by Xuanhe Neifu in the Northern Song Dynasty. It is a light-colored silk book with a height of 24.8 cm and a length of 528.7 cm. The original is now in the Palace Museum in Beijing.
The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival records the architecture and people's livelihood in the suburbs of Bianjing (now Kaifeng), the capital of Hui Zong era, and on both sides of Bianhe River in the city with exquisite brushwork. This painting depicts the bustling scene and natural scenery on both sides of Bianliang and Bianhe, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, during the Qingming period. In the form of a long scroll, the work uses the composition method of scattered perspective to bring complicated scenery into a unified and changeable picture. There are more than 500 people in the painting, with different clothes and expressions, interspersed with various activities, paying attention to drama, dense composition, changing rhythm and rhythm, and ingenious brushwork. The whole picture is divided into three sections.
The first paragraph, Bianjing rural spring scenery: in the sparse forest mist, there are several huts, grass bridges, running water, old trees and boats. Two porters are driving five donkeys loaded with charcoal. They are going to town. A willow forest, with faint green branches, makes people feel that although it is chilly in spring, it is already spring back to the earth. In the sedan chair on the road, a woman sat in it. The top of the sedan chair is decorated with willows and flowers, followed by riders and bearers, returning from a walk in the suburbs of Beijing to sweep the grave. The description of the environment and characters points out the specific time and customs of Tomb-Sweeping Day, which opens the curtain for the whole painting.
In the middle section, the busy Bianhe Wharf: Bianhe is the national water transportation hub and commercial traffic artery in the Northern Song Dynasty. As can be seen from the picture, the crowd is dense, food ships are gathering, some people are resting in the teahouse, some are reading fortune-telling, and some are eating in the restaurant. There is also the Wangs paper horse shop, which sells sacrifices to sweep graves. Ships in the river come and go, end to end, either pulled by trackers or paddled by boatmen. Some are full of goods, going upstream, some are berthing and unloading nervously. Across the Bianhe River is a large wooden arch bridge with exquisite structure and beautiful shape. Such as flying rainbow, hence the name Hongqiao. There is a big ship waiting to cross the bridge. The boatman is supported by bamboo poles; Hook the bridge with a long pole; Lead the boat with hemp rope; Several people are busy lowering the mast so that the ship can pass. People in the neighboring ship are also pointing, as if shouting something. Both inside and outside the ship are busy crossing the bridge for this ship. People on the bridge are also sweating over the tense ferry scene. This is the well-known Hongqiao pier, which is full of traffic and bustling, and is really the intersection of land and water transportation.
In the second half, the bustling urban streets: centered on the tall towers, there are rows of houses on both sides, including teahouses, restaurants, foot shops, meat shops, temples, public halls and so on. The store specializes in silk, jewelry, spices, incense, paper horses and so on. In addition, there are medical clinics, car repair, fortune telling, shaving and plastic surgery, and all walks of life have everything. Large shops are also decorated with colorful buildings, hanging banners to attract business, and pedestrians in the market are jostling with each other. There are businessmen who do business, gentry who see street scenes, and some people. There are monks walking with baskets on their backs, tourists asking for directions from other places, street children who have heard of books, children of rich people who drink in restaurants, disabled elderly people begging on the edge of cities, men, women and children, scholars, farmers, businessmen and various religions. Means of transportation: sedan chair, camel, ox cart, rickshaw, flatbed, flatbed, all kinds of things. Vividly displayed in front of people.
In a total of more than five meters long picture scroll, * * * painted more than 550 people of various colors, including fifty or sixty cattle, horses, mules, donkeys and other livestock, more than 20 cars and bridges, and more than 20 ships of different sizes. Houses, bridges, towers, etc. They also have their own characteristics, reflecting the characteristics of architecture in the Song Dynasty. The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival by Zhang Zeduan is a realistic genre painting depicting a corner of Bianjing in the Northern Song Dynasty, which has high historical value and artistic level.
In the history of painting, there are many paintings called The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival, but there is only one original. After many scholars and experts have studied this topic, everyone's opinions are basically the same. They all think that this painting in the Palace Museum in Beijing is an original of Zhang Zeduan in the Northern Song Dynasty. Other paintings of the same name were later copied or imitated by Zhang Zeduan.
At present, there is no artist's own seal on this picture scroll collected by the Palace Museum in Beijing. According to an inscription by Zhang Zhu of Jin Dynasty in the postscript after the picture, it is confirmed that its author is Zhang Zeduan. There are only a few words in Zhang Zhu's inscription: Hanlin Zhang Zeduan, the right word, and Wu Dong (now Zhucheng, Shandong Province). When I was young, I studied in Beijing, and later I learned to draw. I am a painter, and I am particularly interested in cruise ships, bridges, Guo Jing, and other families. However, there is no Zhang Zeduan's name in the book Xuan He Hua Pu written at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty. Some people speculate that it may be that he entered the painting academy late and the editor had no time to compile it into the book.
As a China person, I think everyone has heard of The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival! I am no exception. I have heard a lot about you, but I have never seen it. I have never seen the moving scene of the riverside scene on Qingming Festival. I didn't expect to be lucky enough to meet in Gong Yuan, my hometown, this winter vacation.
Although I didn't have a chance to go to Gong Yuan before, I didn't have the heart to visit the scenic spots in Gong Yuan this time. As soon as I entered Gongyuan, I went straight to the mobile exhibition hall of Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival.
When we arrived at the exhibition hall, it was dark and opaque. After a while, my eyes adapted to the darkness, and I saw a curtain opposite the exhibition hall, about 100 meters long and about 3 meters wide. According to my mother, The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival recorded the city life of Bianjing City in the Northern Song Dynasty, and used high technology to project the scenes in the painting on the curtains. The characters, animals, birds and cars in the painting can all walk around and are all "alive". Looking at it, I seem to have "crossed" into the Great Song Dynasty. The market is really lively! Some sell fish, meat, vegetables and eggs; Some sell knives, scissors and groceries; There are tea sellers ... a camel caravan came home with a full load, and the camel owner was very happy. I guess he was thinking: great, this business is done! And the children chased each other, and their young faces were filled with cheerful smiles. In the pub, someone shouted, "Bartender, bring me another pot of wine!" " "Looking up again, there are two or three beautiful women sitting in the room playing the piano. Their slender fingers move gracefully back and forth between the strings. I seem to really hear the melodious voice. Someone is carrying a sedan chair or driving a horse in the street, as if doing something. Someone is enjoying the cool under the big tree beside the street, and there are several strong men who are five big and three thick. A group of people around are watching and cheering, so lively!
Such a vast picture scroll, the picture structure is rigorous and orderly, and the various activities of the characters are portrayed very carefully and vividly in one go. The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival * * has 96 chapters in total, with 14 epilogues written by Tibetan collectors in past dynasties. Only the last emperor, Puyi, had as many as three pieces, which proved Puyi's favor for The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival. Only such a magnificent masterpiece as The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival can accommodate the great dream of the next generation of emperors.
Through this visit, I have a further understanding of cultural relics, and the dynamic version of the Riverside Map on Qingming Festival has added a brilliant stroke to our xx!