Medical appreciation materials (1) taste the language and grasp the image. Mr. Lu Xun used to draw characters in simple ways. It is often a few simple words that describe the psychology of the characters vividly. The sculpture of Uncle Kang in medicine is a typical example. The author sticks to his identity, grasps the characteristics and uses concise and vivid verbs to portray the characters vividly. There are two most wonderful words: ①. Before the fifth young master with hunchback finished speaking, he suddenly ran (walked, rushed) into a man with a full face, wearing (wearing) a black cloth, loosely buttoned (buttoned), and tied (tied, tied) a wide black belt around his waist. Shout (call) Lao Shuan as soon as you enter the door. The man was in a hurry and shouted (with a snort), "What are you afraid of? Why not take it! " Old Shuan hesitated, and the black man grabbed (grabbed) the lantern, tore (tore) the paper cover, wrapped (wrapped) the steamed bread and stuffed (handed) it to Old Shuan. Grasp (receive, take) foreign currency in one hand, pinch (weigh, count) pinch (weigh, count) turn. Humming (shouting) in the mouth, "this old thing" is the bullet and words in brackets by the author, with the aim of guiding students to appreciate more and deepen their understanding of the characters. The article (1) describes the scene that Uncle Kang walked into the teahouse. Rude, casually dressed and loud. The word "walk" is random, and the gait is gentle, which is inconsistent with the unexpected situation. The word "Chong" points clearly, and its strength is greater than domineering. Only the word "rush" can vividly draw Uncle Kang's recklessness and arrogance. In terms of dress, "wear", "buckle", "tie" and "knot" give people the impression that they are neat and standardized, simple but not strong in personality, while "wear", "loose" and "knot" show Uncle Kang's arrogance and rudeness, and his face is disgusting. He looks like a total hooligan, and hooligans are shameless! As soon as you enter the door, "make a hullabaloo about" is reckless and rude, which is tantamount to doing evil. However, the word "jiao" is not loud enough, and the word "Shuo" is plain and slightly gentle. Obviously, it is inappropriate to use these two words to describe Uncle Kang's tone and voice. The second paragraph describes the scene where Uncle Kang appeared to "sell" human blood steamed bread. He is rude, rogue, greedy and fierce. He is a black-faced and cruel local strongman. He is a murderous executioner. The word "let" is loud, anxious and impatient, while the word "hum" means guilty and unconfident. The word "grab" is swift and domineering, while the word "grab" is contemptuous and does not match the situation. The words "pull" and "wrap" are simple and decisive, not sloppy at all, which shows that Uncle Kang is skilled in selling blood steamed bread, while "tear", "wrap" and "entrust" are slow and solemn. The word "plug" is given by force regardless of whether the other party agrees or not, and the word "hand" is polite. The word "rob" was written by Uncle Kang, greedy, vulgar and impatient. The word "take" is passive, the word "take" is plain and the word "pinch" is very expressive. You may think, why didn't he weigh and count the money he received? In fact, the reason is very simple. Uncle Kang is a local strongman. He wants ten dollars, but you dare not give him nine dollars and nine cents. So he was relieved. He just squeezed it and left. He is not afraid that you will lose him. The last word "hum" is money, but also resentment, too timid, too hesitant, not at all frank. The word "jiao" has no such subtext effect. Through the comparison and appreciation of the above words, we can clearly see that Mr. Lu Xun's choice of words is both in form and spirit, which is undoubtedly a good inspiration for our writing training. (2) Taste the details, and realize that the successful description of details in sentimental literary works can render the scene atmosphere, highlight the character and express the theme. Mr. Lu Xun's novel Medicine cleverly arranged two details: "wreath" and "crow". People have always had different views on the advantages and disadvantages of these two details. It is very helpful to guide students to taste these two details in time in teaching, which will lead to their vertical and horizontal comparison and in-depth discussion, and will improve their interest in literature appreciation and aesthetic level. Let's start with "garland". Mr. Lu Xun said in the preface to Scream: "So sometimes I can't help shouting a few times to comfort the warrior who runs in loneliness and make him not afraid of his predecessor." However, since you are clamoring, of course you have to listen to the will, so you often don't care about bending the pen and adding a sentence to Yu's grave in Medicine. Mr. Lu Xun laid a wreath in front of Yu's grave in order to add a little "heat" and "bright color" to the cold and sad tone of the work, suggesting bloodshed and sacrifice, and there are successors in the revolution, giving people hope and longing. At the same time, Mr. Lu Xun also realized that the wreath added to the text is "in the air" and "rootless". Why? There are two reasons. First, judging from the customs at that time, there was no custom of sending flowers to mourn in the late Qing Dynasty. Realism requires shaping typical characters in a typical environment, which also includes the truth of details, that is, details come from life and are faithful to life, and its appearance or existence is inevitable in real life. The arrangement of Garland obviously violates this requirement. Secondly, judging from the characters portrayed in the novel, it seems that no one will send a wreath. Because of the people and things written in the previous sections, whether indirectly or directly, I can't see any sympathy for Xia. Uncle Kang is extremely vicious, killing people without blinking an eye. People watching the execution ground are scrambling to have a look. The aunt of the jailer took advantage of people's danger to extort money, and Xia Sanyuan harmed his whole body, betrayed his nephew, and the diners in the teahouse were pampered and bored. They either gloated over Xia, threw stones at him or were filled with indignation. Mr. and Mrs. Hua Laoshuan care about their son's illness and life, and don't ask the fate of others. Xia Sisai is not proud, but ashamed. No one sympathized with Yu Xia, let alone understood and supported him. There is no corresponding bedding in the previous sections, and the appearance of garlands in the back is abrupt. Chekhov said that when writing a novel, if you arranged a gun to hang on the wall in the previous chapter, then you must write that someone used the gun at the back. The meaning is simple. The appearance of details should be in line with the arrangement of the plot, with care before and after, with care before and after, so that the novel is smooth in context and rigorous in structure. Hua xiaoshuan, who is also in medicine, handled the "death" very well. In the first three quarters, he wrote that Xiao Shuan coughed seven times, each time getting worse, suggesting that his condition was getting worse. The fourth section writes about his death, taking care of it before and after. At the end of Mo Bosang's novel "The Necklace", it was written that the necklace was fake and was worth 500 francs at most. It also fully paved the way and hinted that when the Loire couple went to the jewelry store to buy necklaces, the boss "read a lot of books" and said, "I only sell this box." It means that the necklace and the box are not original. As early as when I borrowed the necklace, Mrs. Frais's Day seemed very casual, indicating that the necklace was not very expensive. When returning the necklace, Mrs. Frais did not open the box to check the authenticity, which shows that its value is average. Echo before and after, seamless. Relatively speaking, the emergence of> "garland" seems to be groundless. At the end of Medicine, besides "crow", it also deliberately describes the details of "crow", which is quite meaningful. First, render the atmosphere. In the cemetery around it, it was as quiet as death. "Crows also stand among the straight branches, shrinking their heads and standing as iron." I couldn't walk twenty or thirty steps, but I heard a loud cry of "dumb-"behind me. Both of them turned around and saw the crow spreading its wings and crashing down, flying straight into the distant sky like an arrow. "A dark, cold, timid stance, a sudden, scary cry, an action of spreading its wings, falling down and flying fast, all make people feel sad and cold, and crows are still ominous. Second, highlight the main idea. As a revolutionary's mother, Grandma Si Xia has always been puzzled by her son's death. She thinks that people have a soul when they die, and that the wreath is the ghost "manifestation" of their son, hoping that the crow's actions will be verified. She never imagined that the crow did not fly to the grave according to her intention, but "flew away". In essence, this means that fans think that Grandma Si Xia believes in karma and the bankruptcy of the concept of crows, thus more clearly showing the theme of awakening the people. If crows are replaced by magpies, it is obvious that auspicious and festive magpies appear here, which not only destroys the cold and gloomy atmosphere of the whole novel (especially the cemetery), but also dilutes the theme expression of the novel.