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The full name of Paris Opera House is Garnier Opera House, which is named after the architect Charles Garnier. This is the place where the French emperor enjoyed opera, both in interior decoration and exterior architecture. As early as the17th century, Italian opera became popular all over Europe and dominated the opera stage. European composers are committed to developing their own opera art, competing with Italian operas and fighting against the court nobles' pursuit of fashionable and vulgar tastes. It was during this period that France absorbed the experience of Italian opera and created its own opera art, and French opera also developed. The formation of the artistic style of French opera determines that France will establish its own opera house. 1667, approved by king Louis XIV of France and supported by the French government. 167 1 19 In March, Perrin, Campbell and de Sudek were responsible for the construction of the first French opera house, the Royal Opera House, which was the predecessor of the Paris Opera House. 1763 was destroyed by fire. 1875 The new theater was built by a world-famous ballet company and an orchestra.
Building structure
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The Paris Opera House has the largest stage in the world and can accommodate 450 actors at the same time. There are not many seats in the theater, about 1400, but the lounge is large and exquisite, luxuriously decorated and full of artistic atmosphere, which is a good place for the audience to rest and socialize. The magnificent foyer, walls and colonnade are covered with baroque sculptures, chandeliers and oil paintings. Some people say it is as luxurious as a jewelry box, and it is full of gold, silver and jewels.
The building structure of Paris Opera House is very complicated, with 253 1 doors, 7593 keys and 6 miles of underground tunnels. In the basement of the Opera House, there is a huge dark lake with a depth of 6 meters. Every 10 years, the theater will drain all the water there and replace it with clean water. The French journalist's thriller Phantom of the Opera was later put into many movies and musicals, which took place in this magnificent building.
As soon as you enter the Opera House, you will be immediately attracted by the spectacular grand staircase, and the marble staircase will shine even more brightly under the golden light. One of them was polished by the skirts of aristocratic ladies who sang every night at that time, which shows the grand occasion of the opera house at that time. The ceiling above the grand staircase depicts many musical fables and legends. If you want to experience the feeling of a lady walking down the big stairs, you should buy a ticket to enter the Opera House Museum first. After enjoying the grand staircase, you can enter the corridor of the Opera House from both sides. These corridors provide a place for the audience to talk socially during the intermission, which is as beautiful and spectacular as the grand staircase. Gaieni conceived that the grand corridor should be designed like a classical castle corridor, which complements the opera appreciation with mirror and glass interlaced.
A performance at the Paris Opera House.
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1671March 19 was founded in the Royal Opera House. The pastoral drama Pomona, starring Campbell, is recognized as the first opera in France. Soon, Perrin went to prison for debt. 1672, King Louis XIV authorized Luli, a French Italian, to take charge of French opera.
From 1672 to 1687, Lurie has been leading the Paris Opera House. He initiated the first important period in the history of Paris Opera House. During his tenure, he performed his own works, including about 20 operas and ballets, which laid the foundation for the development of French opera.
The second important period in the history of French opera, from 1737 to 1760, happened to be the stage of many excellent works by Mora. From 1773 to 1779, the French opera world was conquered by Gluck's character and genius. When Gluck visited Paris from Vienna, his opera was immediately welcomed, dwarfing the Italian opposition.
After the French Revolution, the new ruling government thought that many operas were too aristocratic to be staged. They were replaced by works by Mehul and Gossec. It was not until the restoration of the royal family that some banned operas were restored.
1791-1801year, the Paris Opera House is under the jurisdiction of the Paris municipal government. Since 1802, Napoleon has mastered the power of life and death in the performance of new works in the theater. 18 1 1 year, he forced other opera houses to pay funds to the Paris Opera House.
182 1 year, works by composers such as Rossini, Weber, Donizetti and Mozart were performed here. 1875 65438+10.5, when the newly-built "Paris National Opera House" opened, in addition to orchestral performances, August Melmer's "Jewish Woman" was also staged. Therefore, The Jewish Woman is also the premiere opera of the new academy.
From the end of 18 to the beginning of 19, the Paris Opera House mainly performed works by French composers, and some early opera works were often performed here. The theater also introduced some foreign plays, such as Mozart's The Wedding of Figaro, The Magic Flute, Don Juan and later Rossini's works, but these works were often dismembered. In the following period, due to political and other reasons, the quality of theater performances declined.
/kloc-from the end of 0/9 to the beginning of the 20th century, the most striking performance in the theater was Wagner's works. 19 10 theater staged Salome by Richard Strauss, 1927 staged der rosenkavalier (after the play premiered 16 years). During this period, some ballets premiered here, but few French operas performed here. Between the two world wars, the operas of Cournot and Masnier were often performed here, and people can often hear the voices of famous sopranos Ninon Varan, Marjory Lawrence and tenor George Thiel. During World War II, the Germans occupied Paris, and 1942 Putzner's SkyTeam Paris was staged here. After the war, the Paris Opera House experienced a difficult period. Its performance level cannot be compared with the world-class opera houses in Vienna, new york and London. It was not until 197 1 that Rolf Lieberman first entered the Paris Opera House. Lieberman held the leadership position of the regiment until 1980. Later, Berg's opera Lulu premiered here under the command of Brittany, but French opera still can't squeeze into the top ranks in the world.
Since the establishment of Paris Opera House, most operas in Paris have been staged in the Bastille, with more than 600 operas, including Lyle's Rongsu and Arisi in Hippo Park, Cupid and Dionysus's Festival, Gluck's Oflo, Orid's Effigini, Ramo's casto and Polonius, Rossini's Earl of Orie and so on. The singers who performed in the Paris Opera House were mainly French, but world-famous singers were also invited to perform. Up to now, the theater has maintained the peak position of French opera, which embodies the temperament of the French people.
The legend of the Paris Opera House
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The Phantom of the Underground Opera of Paris Opera House is very famous. The story of the Phantom of the Opera takes place at the Paris Opera House in France. This opera house, because of its complex structure and long history, is full of mystery. The theater has 25,365,438+0 doors, 7,593 keys and 6 miles of underground tunnels. The entire opera house covers an area of three hectares and is seven stories high. Moreover, what is even more amazing is that there is a reservoir with a volume of 130663.55 cubic feet and a depth of 6 meters at the bottom of the Opera House. If the audience goes to the bottom of the basement, they can see its dark and sticky water surface. Every ten years or so, the Opera House will drain the water here and replace it with clean water. It is said that this pool was formed by accidentally touching groundwater when building an opera house and excavating the basement. Charles Canil, the architect at that time, spent eight months pumping all the water dry, but in order to make the foundation of the building more solid, the walls and floors of the basement he designed adopted double waterproof structures. After that, he filled the last layer with water, so that the water could fill the cracks in the wall and make it stronger. The original structure was designed by accident, but under the basements, a pool suddenly appeared, which actually created flashing lights and grotesque boats for the film. In any case, if we study the architectural structure of the Paris Opera House and its legendary history (it is said that someone really found a human bone in it), it will be a long (and interesting) topic.