Tijing Zhongyi pavilion
I will go to Qiaomen again every day and get it with my bare hands.
Sitting at the gate of hell and abandoning a feather is even more clamorous.
Next, a festival was observed in the Qing Dynasty. Among them, Chu Jiu was an orphan.
Poor and heroic, worthy of Shanxi literati.
Qiang Bing, the thief, was lonely and frightened, and the loyal minister saw the city today.
I would rather die than offend the monarch, and honestly don't ask about life.
There is no shame in serving the country. How long will it take?
There are many heroic tears, and generations have closed the river.
On the chronological rhyme of the two kings of Jingzhong Temple
Suiyang is a complete thief, and the baby city has long been empty. There are two men who will never surrender to death. They are more loyal to each other. The country cultivates its own prosperity, from the top to the bottom of the heron. It's obvious that every meaning has been passed. No matter how hard it is to build inflammation, whoever bravely bows his head will open the door and surrender in a hurry. The official is still poor, but he is a hero in the Tang Dynasty. Draw bricks to kill the enemy, willing to die with blood on his neck. Sincerity runs through the clouds, and the sky is brilliant. The imperial edict's blood was eaten in the town east, which made courtiers loyal and brave. Qi is a famous poet in the past dynasties, and his poems are all beautiful and tolerant. How does Burgeap kill fish and insects?
Zhang Long Yuan Shaoma Title Jing:
He said: The colorful rings in the Dragon House trace back to the mother's kindness, and the imperial edict of Sifeng Pavilion represents the imperial dynasty. I know that Yan Bi's mother, in Taiyuan, Yaozhou, has been endowed with four virtues, and the emblem is used for historical management. I like Xuan Lun to introduce the glory of Fu Kun. Tin's fate is to play, which will add color to the collection. Pure exultation will gather Lanfang to live in peace, celebrate the whole world, gather the moon hall, fill the basin with fans, and the golden flower will last forever.
There is Zhongjing Pavilion in Cao Jin's tomb, and Fang Wei has a title. In the middle of the scene, there is a poem, saying, "The green gallbladder is stronger than the golden bucket, and the red heart is stronger than Tieshan." Later generations passed through the mausoleum and admired Cao Jin's heroic deeds. Many celebrities write poems in Zhongjing Pavilion.
Of all the rituals in life, the funeral ceremony is the most complicated. It is the last "gift" and "gift" in life. If the birth ceremony marks a person's formal entry into society, then the funeral ceremony means that a person finally leaves society and marks a stop sign of his life journey.
The funeral custom in Hakka area evolved from the ancient Zhou rites. According to the principle of "living and being raised, dying and being buried", the funeral is solemn. The main methods of "respecting ancient rites" are:
"Going out of the hall" and "adding new clothes". When the patient enters the dying stage, he needs to put on new clothes and put them in the hall. Because of the custom, it is commonly known as "going out of the hall". According to the "Jia Ying Zhou Zhili Customs" in Guangxu eight years, "I got sick, added new clothes and moved to the main hall." This system originated from the ancient ritual system in the Central Plains. According to the book "Rites and Funerals of Confucians" in 1935, "Confucians died in the appropriate room of funeral." Note: "A suitable room is also a sleeping room." Since the Tang and Song Dynasties, it has been passed down to this day. Reporter: It's time for bed. Now everyone lives in the main hall. As for the system of "adding new clothes", there is also a foundation. According to "Book of Rites, Mourning Memories" for four or four years: "In addition to lewd clothes, add new clothes." It means taking off dirty clothes, putting on new clothes and entering another world.
The custom of holding a towel fan in the hands of the "oral silver" deceased was evolved from the habit of shooting and holding a pole in ancient times. According to "Shanghang County Records Etiquette and Customs" in the 20th year of the Republic of China, "shaking hands with a towel fan is of ancient use. The ancients were used to shooting, so they used extremes; Today's people are not used to shooting, but also holding a towel fan. " At the same time, put the silver scraps into the mouth of the deceased. For example, Volume 21 of Longyan County Records Etiquette and Customs of the Republic of China said: "Take silver scraps from your mouth and cover the ancient rice ceremony. Hold the silver in your hand. They all show that they are alive or dead, and they have the meaning of eating useful. " Press: Put the silver in your mouth and say "The silver is in your mouth". The origin of this system is quite old. According to the Han Dynasty's "White Tiger Tongde died of a stone collapse in four years": "So what is rice?" The fate of raw food, this death does not want to be empty, so it contains jewelry, why? Good for the body of the deceased. So emperors drink jade, princes use pearls, doctors use rice, and scholars use rice. "According to the pre-Qin ritual system, the deceased was made of jade, shellfish and rice, and was named Hankou according to its rank and status. Later generations, the local materials of guest customs evolved into silver, so it was called "silver-containing".
Illuminate the dead day and night. During the mortuary, the custom of burning incense, paper and lights day and night didn't stop until after the funeral, which was called "the dead are walking in ghosts". Its original intention is: the road to the underworld is dark, so light up the dead and go quickly. Reporter: After Zhou Li's death, it is necessary to light a candle at night to facilitate the funeral. After the introduction of Buddhism, the collateral meeting was called "chasing ghosts". It can be seen that this custom was changed according to ancient rituals.
Xiao Di and Xiao Di put the coffin in the hall and put the lid aside. An inch of loess is laid in the coffin, followed by a seven-star board, a paper pendant and a wormwood mattress (with shredded paper and lamp grass). The function of loess, paper and rushes is to absorb water. Seven-star board, that is, sandwich board, is named after seven holes like the Big Dipper. Slant a slot in the board to connect the seven holes. According to Yan Zhitui's "Yan Family Instructions" in the Northern Qi Dynasty, it has been published for seven years: "The coffin is two inches long, except for the coat and hat, so you can't follow it, you can only put the seven-star board on the bed." This shows that the seven-star board system already existed in the Northern Qi Dynasty.
The difference between great mourning and "soul silk" mourning, guest custom and great mourning lies in whether to cover the coffin or not. For example, the "Shanghang County Records and Customs" of the Republic of China has been published for 20 years: "If you don't cover the coffin, it's great." After the funeral, he stopped in the hall. Sticking paper to the house is called Lingwu, wood is called Lingpai, and putting the owner of the wood in Lingwu is called Anling, which means that the deceased has lived in Lingwu since then. Afterwards, mourners all paid tribute to the coffin. The custom of hanging paper with a small bamboo pole next to the spiritual house is based on the ancient "soul silk", that is, the meaning of evoking souls with cloth. According to the four-year publication of the Song Dynasty poet Yunluqian, "There is a gift," Li said. "The dead can't leave themselves, so they know people by their flags. "The ancients hung bamboo outside the house." It can be seen that paper banners were hung outside the house and outside the house of the dead.
"Chengfu". As a guest custom, after the funeral, the relatives of the deceased put on mourning according to the relationship between relatives and friends, hence the name. This system existed in the pre-Qin period. For example, The Book of Rites has been published for five or six years: "Only when parents are bereaved will they walk on the stars and give up when they see the stars. If you don't get it, just take it and go. "
"Ming" and "Confucian" One of the contents of the costume is "please", that is, the host leads the family of the deceased to cry and asks for a private meeting. In private, the man was written by the patriarch and the woman was written by her husband. Stone, after death, people take the deeds before their death as the name to persuade them to be good. Private, unofficial, named by the people themselves. Related to the inscription, there are also "inscriptions" and "pointing to the Lord" and other vanity-seeking ceremonies. According to the book "Shanghang County Records, Etiquette and Custom" in the 20th year of the Republic of China, "Rich people please have inscriptions or opinions. Inscriptions, inscriptions and writing styles. If you don't leave a book, it's empty. Write it as soon as you sign it. If you point to the Lord, the protagonist of the spirit tablet is a bit empty. As soon as the writer writes, you point to the Lord. These ceremonies are just appearances. " According to the custom of "theme" and "theme", there are also classics. For example, "Qing Lie Li Official Burial" contains: "On the burial day, choose a good family and a good book as the topic." Regarding the origin of personal feuds, Huang Xiangtie wrote in Volume IV of Grottoes: "All scholars and ordinary people have personal feuds, which began in the Ming Dynasty. I tried to prove that the tombstone was selfless before, so I knew it started in the Ming Dynasty. So far. " In my opinion, it is too late to tell the truth now. In fact, from the textual research of inscriptions, China's infighting style will not be later than the Han Dynasty. For example, "Bei Guang Example" contains: "Private affairs began at the weekend and ended in the Han Dynasty. Chen Shizhi's style of writing and Yuan De's practice are all choices. " In addition, customs like to decorate dead women with Confucianism. According to the "Shanghang County Records Etiquette and Customs" in the 20th year of the Republic of China: "The deceased wife, the owner of the wood, the quiet and quiet in the old society, the tombstone, are all books and children." This custom is also well founded. At first, the doctor's wife was the child's wife. In the Song Dynasty, the title of county king was changed to Confucianism. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Qi Pin's wife sealed her son. By extension, the custom calls the wives of ordinary people "Confucianism".
Pima Dai Xiao. Dressing is a custom, and it is customized. There are: hemp hats; Headband; Hemp shirt; Shirt; Hemp rope belt; Filial piety to employees; Straw shoes; Ma Xie; Hemp bag; Bamboo buns; Kantou; Filial piety skirt; Horsetail, etc. Wearing mourning clothes is called "Pima Dai Xiao" in Hakka dialect. The origin of this statement is earlier, such as "Yuan Qu Xuan Enemy Creditor": "You also think about why the whole family is Ma Yi Dai Xiao." The funeral of Hakkas remains unchanged according to the ancient system. For example, in the seventeenth year (556 BC) of Zuo Zhuan, Gong Yan wrote: "Yan Huan died, Yan Ying fell abruptly, beheaded, wore a ribbon, and walked with a stick." It can be seen that during the Spring and Autumn Period, Yan Zi wore coarse clothes, tied a hemp belt, leaned on crutches and wore sandals, which was no different from later customs.