Welcome to my Baidu space to read related articles, and you can learn about the knowledge of jade identification and purchase. The following are some related knowledge of jade appraisal and evaluation for your reference.
Emerald A refers to the jadeite whose raw materials have not been artificially treated except for cutting, shaping, grinding and polishing, that is, natural jadeite. Jade A has little to do with the value of jade, and it is a statement of relatively processed B goods and C goods.
Jade varieties: A, B, C, B+C, and imitations are collectively called D;
A goods can be divided into green, white, yellow, red, purple, black, two colors, three colors, floating flowers and so on. ;
According to the texture, it can be divided into glass seed, ice seed, bean seed, waxy seed, Gan Qing, white background green and so on.
If you want to distinguish the above categories, you need to attend training courses and see a wealth of specimens to master them.
Many people think that the evaluation of jadeite is profound, but in fact, the quality of jadeite is the evaluation of jadeite, which is consistent with the diamond evaluation system 4C from four aspects: color, variety, size and technology. 4C means color, clarity, carat size and cut.
Color: The whiter the diamond, the better, and the greener the jade.
Tone: There are three tones of blue, yellow and gray in green, and the best green is pure emerald green without any other tones. This kind of green is really too little. People call it "Wang Green". The bluish green is deep. Jade of this color is often well planted and has a stronger sense of jade. People often say "emerald" jade is this color. Northerners like this green color because it is more suitable for northerners' whiter skin, and that dark color is closer to northerners' personality. Yellow and green are delicate and lively, such as "Boxwood Green", "Mabel Miao" and "Golden Silk Green", all of which are excellent yellow and green, and sometimes experts call them "yellow flavor". Southerners prefer yellow jadeite. Many high-grade jadeites are blue or yellow in green, but if the hue is gray, it can only be middle and low-grade jadeites. Gray spans a lot, from white to black. White in green is "bean green"; Black in green is what experts call "oil green"; There is a lot of gray in green, and many middle and low grade jadeites are gray.
Saturation: The higher the saturation, the thicker and more precious the green is; Low saturation and light green are not precious.
Uniformity: In the original jadeite ore, green seems to be alive and will never be evenly distributed. It is a line, a group of green flowers, a plane and several green dots. Even the same piece of material, green is sometimes thick, sometimes light, sometimes pure, sometimes full of impurities. Sometimes it is paired with black. There are many black spots and black flowers in green. So experts say that green has a "color root", color comes from the root, and color grows with the root, which is really mysterious. It can be seen that few jadeites have uniform colors, and the more uniform, the better.
Besides green, there are many colors in jadeite, such as purple, red, yellow, gray, white, brown, blue and black.
Purple jade, also called "violet", is a very beautiful color. Purple jade is also "strong, positive, even", but purple is not as valuable as green. The best purple jade is also quite expensive. In recent years, a pair of violet bracelets and a string of beautyberry can be sold to millions in Hong Kong auctions. Only ten years ago, the price in Cui Zi was much lower. If you had invested in Cui Zi, it would appreciate greatly now. In fact, the reserve of purple is much lower than that of green, and it is not known that the price of purple will one day exceed that of green. Bold ideas may come true, just as colored diamond was regarded as inferior in diamonds decades ago, but now the price of a top colored diamond is often as high as millions of dollars. A few decades ago, a European collector went to various processing plants to collect colored diamond at a low price, but today his collection has become a treasure.
Red and yellow jadeites are called "Fei", and the value of Fei is lower than that of purple. Fei is often located in the emerald epidermis and is formed by oxidation. There is a lot of fertilizer, but the variety is not so good. It is also valuable to grow a symmetrical red Fei. In 2003, a necklace with ice seeds and honey color was auctioned in Hong Kong for hundreds of thousands, which was an unexpected price in the past. Once Luoyang paper was expensive, and ice seed honey necklaces were popular.
White, only ice and glass jadeite is valuable even if it is white, because it is too well planted to be colored. The retail price of Bai Bing seeds and glass flowers can range from several hundred yuan to several thousand yuan. Because there is no color, its value depends entirely on the seed, size, impurity content and technology.
Jet is also known as Cui Mo. Some experts say that a monk should be invited to chant Buddhist scripture when driving to Cui Mo in a mine, so there is a kind of Sha Qi in Cui Mo, which can ward off evil spirits. It is said that police in Taiwan Province like to wear Cui Mo. In addition, black is also very fashionable. Some young people like Cui Mo jewelry inlaid with platinum, which has the meaning of jade and avant-garde fashion, and is more "cool" with clothing. In recent years, the price in Cui Mo is getting higher and higher.
The prices of these non-green jadeites have been rising in recent years, and the resources may be exhausted. People unconsciously expand the jade collection and increase the supply to meet the growing demand.
Purity and type: Purity refers to the degree of impurities. The less impurities, the higher the purity. Diamonds require very high clarity, and it is best not to see defects under a magnifying glass of ten times. Jade is not so demanding, because jade is composed of many tiny minerals, and there are inevitably impurities. As long as there are no obvious impurities to the naked eye, it is flawless. Black flowers, white cotton and cracks often affect the purity of jadeite. On the torus, if there are these impurities, it will have a great influence on the value; But in flower pieces, these impurities have little effect on the value. As the saying goes, "no lock can make a flower", there will be some impurities and cracks in the flower.
For jadeite, what is more important than purity is seed material, that is, transparency. Emerald is composed of many tiny jadeite minerals, which are intertwined to form a felt-like structure. The larger the mineral crystal particles, the more opaque the jadeite, and the worse the variety. The smaller the mineral crystal particles, the more transparent the jadeite, and the better the variety.
Seeing the variety is the key to seeing the jade. As the saying goes, "laymen look at colors, experts look at varieties." If we can distinguish the types of jadeite, we can see that jadeite has already started.
For laymen, it is more difficult that the species of jadeite is not systematic. Experts often use some figurative words, such as glass species, ice species, gold species, oil species, bean species, porcelain soil, dry soil, lotus root powder soil, snot soil and so on. It is both a species and a land, and the difference can only be understanding and body odor. In fact, there is nothing mysterious about this, because many old experts have no culture, and they just use models in life as metaphors. As long as they read more books, there is no problem. However, for property buyers, this classification is unnecessary and unscientific. I advocate that jadeite can be simply divided into five grades according to the crystal particles from fine to coarse: glass seeds, ice seeds, oil seeds, bean seeds and dried white seeds. Other common hibiscus seeds and waxy seeds can be classified as fine bean seeds, gold seeds as ice seeds, flower green and white background green as bean seeds, and porcelain bottom as dry white seeds.
Ice species emerald dragon match
Species are also called "water", and so is "planting water". Species are descriptive, while water is an order of magnitude. Old traders tend to divide the moisture into three levels, so-called one to three points, but there are often jadeites that are only divided into half, which is not easy to use. For buyers who buy jadeite in auction companies, I help them to classify jadeite heads into ten grades: 9- 10 for glass, 7-8 for ice, 6-7 for oil, 5-6 for fine beans, 3-4 for coarse beans and 0/-2 for dry white beans.
At present, the common "Tielongsheng" (also called "Tianlongsheng") on the market is only 1 ~ 2 water, which has a good color, but the water head is too poor, and the thickness is generally below 1 mm, and some of them are even as thin as paper. This kind of jade looks beautiful, but it is fragile.
Size: Emeralds of the same color and species, of course, the bigger the more precious. Small flowers of the same material may be low-grade goods, and large ornaments may become high-grade goods.
Matching the size, the category of jadeite has a great influence on the value. If the ring face and flower piece of the same size have the same color and variety, the price of the ring face is much higher than that of the flower piece, because the ring face is required to be high, there should be no impurities and cracks, and the color should be uniform, and the material of the flower piece is mostly insufficient to make the ring face. Others wonder: Why are the jadeite prices of some bean varieties higher than those of glass varieties? This situation is very common, because bean seeds may have better color, while glass seeds have lower colorless value; In addition, different categories have different values. A green jade bracelet with beans can sell for hundreds of thousands, while ordinary colorless small glass flowers can only sell for thousands of dollars.
Technology: Technology can be divided into three levels: unqualified, qualified and wonderful.
Jade has followed the traditional jade processing method for thousands of years. Although the craft value is not as heavy as the finished jade, it will still affect the value of jade. The unqualified processing line is rough and the connection is not smooth, which will greatly depreciate the value of jadeite. Fortunately, there is no market for jadeite with inferior technology now. I remember a few years ago, a Guanyin ornament with rough craftsmanship was sold somewhere in Beijing, and the price was not low. I don't think this will happen now.
On the contrary, wonderful processing can enhance the value of jadeite. "Ingenious work" refers to the clever use of different colors of natural jadeite. Good processing can greatly enhance the value of jadeite.
For jade consumers, the consumption of jade jewelry is not about where to buy it, nor about the price. The key is that they like it and it is cost-effective. When you see the certificate, you should go to Baidu to search for "organization name+suspected illegal" to see if there is any negative news, while others ask the seller to issue another certificate, because such negative news may lead to distrust of the quality and price of the product itself. When purchasing jade products, you can pay attention to the following aspects:
1, according to your personal preferences and economic affordability, buy your own satisfactory baby at the same price.
The size and style should suit you.
3. General jadeite evaluation should consider: the more positive the color, the better (for example, green is positive, green is not gray), the more transparent the better, the more delicate the structure, the finer the carving, and no cracks.
4. shop around; Shopping around
5. Authoritative inspection certificate (CAL, CMA and CNAS are indispensable)
6. The website of testing institutions is updated quickly and rich in content, which not only exists for verification, but also reflects its investment and authority.
7, choose a good baby, don't rush to buy, send it to netizens to help you.
Tips for self-identification of jadeite A, B and C:
1, observe the light and see if there is a faint yellow tone. If there is, it is basically determined as A; If there is no white color, it is basically determined to be B or B+C (except for the green species with white background, the rubber of B goods will turn yellow after a long time). 2. For bracelets without cracks, knocking with other non-bracelet jade will make a tinkling sound, while the sound of B goods is not so crisp. You can compare it with the confirmed A bracelet.
Principle of whitening of B goods: B goods are made by soaking natural jadeite raw materials in strong acid and alkali for several months, and then vacuumizing and injecting glue. This process will make the yellow iron and manganese oxides in natural jade particles react, so the B goods will appear unnatural pallor in the finished product. 3. By carefully observing the color of C goods, we can see that the color is cobweb-like.