Tulips are rich in colors, and the common colors are red, magenta, pink, yellow, orange, white, purple, brown, black and purple. There are many varieties of mixed colors, and a flower has several colors. The so-called black tulip is actually very dark purple.
Tulips of different colors have different flower languages.
Tulip: confession of love, sincere emotion
Pink tulip: happiness
Yellow tulip: Rejection, hopeless love
Queen of the night: Mysterious and noble.
Purple tulip: Love that never dies.
White tulip: pure feeling and purity
Black tulip/photo/flower/139 heiyujinxiang.jpg.
Tulip is the general name of tulip plants in Liliaceae, also known as lotus and musk, and it is a perennial herbaceous bulbous flower of tulip in Liliaceae. Tulip, the common name of tulip, comes from Persian, which means that the inverted shape of flowers is very similar to Persian headdress. There are about 150 species in this genus, which are distributed in temperate regions. It is native to Turkey, Iran, Afghanistan and other places, with a small distribution in southern Europe, Russia, Siberia and North Africa, and also naturally distributed in Xinjiang and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
Turkey was the first country to cultivate tulips, and hundreds of tulip varieties were cultivated in the 1940s of 15. 1554, Ambassador Budnecp of Austria discovered the artificially cultivated tulips while traveling in Turkey and brought them back to the private garden in Vienna. From then on, tulips first spread to Europe. /kloc-in the 6th century, Crusi, a Dutchman, brought tulips from Istanbul to the Netherlands for the first time via Antwerp, Belgium. 1594 In the spring, beautiful tulips bloomed for the first time in Linden Botanical Garden, the Netherlands. After tulip was introduced into Holland, it caused a lot of riots. 1623, people spent 13000 silver coins to get a seed ball named "Augustus Forever", which shows its preciousness. 1634- 1637 was called "tulip mania period", when some tulip lovers were more willing to get a rare tulip ball than a jewel. Some people even traded breweries for a rare seed ball. Speculators took the opportunity to do big business, many kinds of balls could not be sold and went bankrupt. Finally, the government had to come forward to calm the storm. Since then, cultivation, breeding and breeding in the Netherlands have gradually entered the right track and become the production and sales center of commercial seed balls in the world today. Taking it as the national flower, the annual output of Dutch tulip is 654.38+0.6 billion, which is sold all over the world. Tulip is rich in color, and the flowering period of early, middle and late flowering varieties can reach two months. It is the main flower in the international market and spring flower beds. Nowadays, tulips are regarded as symbols of victory, beauty and love in European and American novels, poems and paintings. The Netherlands, Turkey, Hungary and other countries regard it as the national flower, and the Dutch people regard May 15 as the "Tulip Festival" every year. So tulips are loved by people all over the world.
Tulip is a friendly messenger between the Dutch people and the people of the world. During World War II, the Netherlands fell and the Queen was forced to take refuge in Canada. After the war, the Queen returned to the Netherlands and presented 6.5438+0.4 million tulip bulbs to the Canadian people on behalf of the government to show her gratitude. 1977 In May, when Queen Bite Ricks visited China, she also presented Dutch tulips to the people of China. It brought the warm friendship of the Dutch people and the "tulip fever" sweeping the world.
In 1930s, tulips were introduced and domesticated in Lushan, Nanjing, Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou. In the early 1970s, the Botanical Garden of China Academy of Sciences introduced hundreds of kilograms of seeds from Holland and sent some seeds to Nanjing, Shanghai, Hangzhou and Xi 'an for trial planting. In the middle and late 1980s, all parts of China, especially the northern provinces, began to introduce and cultivate in batches and hold flower exhibitions. It was not until 1988 that it was successfully introduced and domesticated in Xi 'an for the first time. And with 50,000 tulips, held the first tulip flower show in China. It has welcomed hundreds of thousands of Chinese and foreign tourists, which is unprecedented. According to years of cultivation experience, there is great potential to develop tulip bulbs and fresh cut flowers in the vast areas north of the Yangtze River and some mountainous areas south of the Yangtze River in China. Planting tulips, the output value per mu greatly exceeds the value of grain production. Domestic Lintao, Gansu, Lingshou, Miyun and other places have planting bases, and many cities also have introduction and cultivation. They often adopt the normal cultivation method of "planting spring flowers in autumn" and make a profit by selling cut flowers or special exhibitions. In mountainous areas, due to the warm and hot climate, for example, the average temperature in the coldest month in Guangzhou is 13.3℃, which cannot meet the requirements of tulips for spring flowers. It can only be sold in the form of small potted plants in the Spring Festival flower market through cold storage and cultivation. Therefore, it costs a lot of foreign exchange to import seed balls every year.
Tulip cultivation knowledge
Tulip pedicels are hard and tall, with a height of more than 30 cm. Petals are thick, not easy to wither, resistant to binding processing and easy to keep fresh. They are very good cut flowers with beautiful and elegant leaves. The pedicel supports lotus-shaped flowers, which are cup-shaped, spherical, lily-shaped, with young edges, single petals or double petals. According to the flowering period, they can be divided into early flowers, middle flowers and late flowers. Colors are red, magenta, pink, yellow, orange, white, purple, black and purple. Flowers are beautiful and dignified, and have great party ornamental value, which can be used for potted flowers and flower beds.
Tulip is a kind of long-day flower, and its original species are mostly naturally distributed in hot and dry summer and cold winter environment. It is a perennial herb, which blooms in spring, sleeps in summer and has a short overground growth period. Strong cold resistance and wide adaptability. Sex likes a cool, humid and sunny environment, and avoids extreme heat and waterlogging. Strong cold resistance, can withstand sub-zero temperature. Prefer loose, fertile and well-drained sandy loam, and avoid alkaline soil and continuous cropping.
The growth law of tulip is that after dormancy in summer, when the soil temperature drops below 15℃ in autumn, bulbs begin to take root and sprout new buds, but they are not unearthed. When the soil temperature is lower than 5℃, the underground growth activity stops. After low temperature in winter, it began to grow when the temperature rose to 5℃ in the following spring, and buds were unearthed one after another. The suitable temperature for the growth period is 8-20℃. With the soil temperature rising to 15-20℃, the flower stems quickly elongate and enter the flowering stage. The viewing period of a single flower is about 5-6 days. If the temperature is cool and the humidity is high, it can be extended to 10- 14 days. Flowers bloom in sunny days and close in cloudy days and evening. Tulips are usually propagated by bulbs. The cue ball is an annual publication and needs to be updated every year. After flowering, it dries up, and a few balls are born next to it for annual reproduction. The big bulb can bloom the next year, and the small bulb will bloom after 2-3 years of culture.
In Xining area, the conventional method of tulip production is to plant bulbs in autumn1October, and the bulbs overwinter in the soil for about 150 days, and germinate in mid-March in early spring, and inflorescences begin to appear in mid-April, and then they enter flowering period in mid-late April or around May Day, and finally bloom in late May. After flowering, new underground bulbs grow rapidly and mature within 40-50 days. From late June to early July, the leaves on the ground gradually turn yellow and wither, and the bulbs can be dug. In summer, bulbs are stored indoors under natural conditions and enter the "dormant period" of flower bud differentiation.