Raman spectrum

Raman scattering spectrum. 1928c.v. Raman experiments show that the frequency of light scattered by molecules changes when it passes through a transparent medium. This phenomenon is called Raman scattering, which was also observed in the Soviet Union and France later in the same year. In the scattering spectrum of transparent medium, the component with the same frequency as the incident light frequency υ0 is called Rayleigh scattering; The spectral line or band υ0 υ1with symmetrical frequency distribution on both sides of υ 0 is Raman spectrum, in which υ 0-υ 1 with smaller frequency is also called Stokes line, and υ 0+υ 1 with larger frequency is also called anti-Stokes line. The spectral lines near both sides of Rayleigh scattering line are called small Raman spectra; Spectral lines appearing on both sides far from Rayleigh lines are called large Raman spectra. The intensity of Rayleigh scattering line is only 10-3 of incident light intensity, and the intensity of Raman spectrum is only about 10-3 of Rayleigh line. The small Raman spectrum is related to the molecular rotational energy level, and the large Raman spectrum is related to the molecular vibrational rotational energy level. The theoretical explanation of Raman spectrum is that the incident photon is inelastic scattering with the molecule, and the molecule absorbs the photon with the frequency of υ0, and emits the photon of υ 0-υ 1, at the same time, the molecule transitions from the low energy state to the high energy state (Stokes line); Molecules absorb photons with a frequency of υ0, emit photons of υ 0+υ 1, and at the same time, molecules transition from high energy state to low energy state (anti-Stokes line). The transition of molecular energy level only involves the rotational energy level, and emits a small Raman spectrum. It involves vibration-rotation energy level and emits large Raman spectrum. Different from molecular infrared spectra, both polar molecules and nonpolar molecules can produce Raman spectra. The appearance of laser provides monochromatic light with high quality and intensity, which strongly promotes the research and application of Raman scattering. Raman spectroscopy is widely used in chemistry, physics, biology and medicine, which is of great value for pure qualitative analysis, highly quantitative analysis and determination of molecular structure.

X-ray diffractometer is widely used in metallurgy, petroleum, chemical industry, scientific research, aerospace, teaching, material production and other fields by using diffraction principle to accurately determine the crystal structure, texture and stress of substances, and accurately carry out phase analysis, qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis.

X-ray diffractometer is a large-scale analytical instrument to study the internal microstructure of substances by using the principle of X-ray diffraction, which is widely used in universities, scientific research institutes and factories and mines. Our company has a history of more than forty years since the first diffractometer was successfully developed, and has experienced various models of Y- 1, Y-2, Y-DF, Y-3, Y-4, Y-4Q, Y-500 and Y-2000. There are hundreds of various types of diffractometers produced by our company in China, and nearly one hundred are still in operation, which plays an important role in the construction of all walks of life.

Y-2000 X-ray diffractometer is a new product successfully developed by our company in 200 1 year. This is the most advanced X-ray diffraction system in China. Rigorous design, complete software and hardware functions, can flexibly adapt to various tests of material microstructure. Y-2000 diffractometer adopts multi-CPU system to complete the control and data acquisition of X-ray generator and goniometer. Equipped with high-performance microcomputer and software, it can accurately measure the crystal structure and lattice constant of substances, and complete qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis. The measurement of texture and stress can be completed by installing corresponding accessories, which are widely used in industry, agriculture, national defense and scientific research.