) 5.d) "Qin, Su and Ming" refers to the feelings of husband and wife. ) 6.b ("setting a metaphor" is wrong; There is no mention of "following his advice" in the animal incident.
) 7.( 10) (1) Build two castles to resist the Xixia people and recruit ordinary people to cultivate the land. With more people farming, the price of grain will be lower, which will gradually alleviate the worry that Hedong grain will be expensive to rely on far supply.
(1 minute "system", "system" and "release", 2 points for the effect, * * * 5 points. As I said earlier, I thought it would be implemented immediately, but I haven't heard any news yet. There must be a villain who says your majesty is in the prime of life. How can you do something unlucky at once? (Xiang, Spring and Autumn Prosperity and Autumn each have 1 point, with 2 points to the effect and 5 points to * * *.
) Sima Guang, whose real name is Shi Jun, is from Xiaxian County, Shaanxi Province. His father, Sima Chi, was appointed as Tianzhangting.
At the age of seven, Sima Guang was as serious as an adult. When he heard about Zuo's Spring and Autumn Annals, he liked it very much. After returning home, he told his family what he had heard, but he could give a general idea. Since then, he has been writing all day.
In the early years of Baoyuan in Song Renzong, Sima Guang was admitted to Jinshi, and he was just twenty years old this year. He doesn't like luxury goods. Sima Guang is the only one who doesn't wear flowers at the "smell wedding banquet". A scholar told him: "The flowers given by the king are inviolable.
"So Sima Guangcai put on one. Sima Guang followed Pang Ji as the judge of Bingzhou.
There are many fertile fields in the west of Quye River in Linzhou, and the Xixia people nibbled at the land in this area, which became a disaster in the east of the river. Pang Ji ordered Sima Guang to make an inspection tour. Sima Guang suggested: "Build two castles to resist Xixia people and recruit people to farm the land.
With more people farming, the price of grain will be lower, which will gradually alleviate the worry that Hedong grain is expensive and depends on far supply. "Ponzi listened to his plan.
Guo En, the general of our state, is brave, but a little arrogant. He led the troops to cross the river at night, unguarded and destroyed by the enemy. Ponzi was convicted and left our state. Sima Guang wrote three times to explain that Guo En's downfall was his own fault, but he didn't get an answer.
After Pang Ji's death, Sima Guang went to the court to visit his wife, treated her like a mother and raised his son as a brother. People at that time praised him very much. Later, Sima Guang was appointed as the official of Zhimi Pavilion and Kaifeng Prefecture.
At this time, a monster named Jiao Zhi Gong Na came to call Lin, and Sima Guang said, "It is unknown whether it is true or not. Even if it is true, it doesn't mean it is a sign of good luck. I hope to repay what they have provided. " He wrote another article to be sarcastic.
He also wrote a personal letter and worked in the Ministry of Ritual. The authorities said there was a solar eclipse. According to the convention, if the eclipse is not enough, or the capital can't see it, you should congratulate it.
Sima Guang said: "You can see it in all directions, but you can't see the capital. It can be seen that the king was deceived by sinister villains; Everyone in the world knows that only the court does not know that the disaster it will bring will be even greater and should not be celebrated. " The court took his advice.
Renzong is in poor health, but the heir of the country has not yet been determined, and everyone in the world is worried but afraid to speak. Fan Zhen, an admonition official, first expressed his views. After hearing about it in Bing, Sima Guang also expressed his opinions and presented them to Fan Zhen, urging him to fight to the death.
At this time, Sima Guang said in front of the emperor, "I used to be a general's judge in Bing, and I hope your majesty will be decisive and faithful." The emperor thought for a long time, and then said, "Do you want to choose the descendants of the imperial clan as heirs? This is indeed what the loyal minister said, but others dare not say it.
Sima Guang said: "I said this because I thought I would definitely be sentenced to death. I didn't expect the emperor to be so open-minded and accepted it. " The emperor said, "What's wrong with this? This happens all the time.
After Sima Guang retired from the DPRK, he didn't hear about the imperial edict, so he wrote: "I told you earlier that I thought it would be implemented immediately, but I haven't heard of it yet. There must be a villain who says your majesty is in the prime of life. How can you do something unlucky right away? " Those little people have no long-term consideration, just want to win their attention and friendliness in a hurry. Can you finish the disasters of' aging the country' and' the son of heaven'? "The emperor was greatly moved and said," Send Sima Guang's letter to Zhongshu Province.
When Sima Guang met Han Qi and others, he said, "The gentleman made an agreement long ago. In the middle of the night, an inch of paper will be distributed in the palace tomorrow, and the people of the whole country dare not violate it." Han Qi and others bowed their hands and said, "I dare not try my best.
"Soon, the imperial edict put Yingzong in charge of Zong Zheng affairs, and Yingzong repeatedly refused to promise, so he was made a prince. Yingzong also said that he was sick and refused to enter the palace.
Sima Guang said: "It has been almost a month since the Prince refused to be rich, which shows that he is much more virtuous than the average person. But the king refused to accept his father's call, but refused to apply, hoping to blame the prince with the morality of his lieutenants, and he would definitely enter the palace.
"Yingzong really accepted the call-up.
2. Digging the wall and stealing all the classical Chinese translations and problems (1) The owner is strange: (feels) strange.
(2) Hope to read through the master's books: hope.
3) Balance is the compensation for its commission without asking for compensation: remuneration.
(4) Therefore, the university finally succeeded.
Two: neighbors have candles and can't catch them. Balance is to send its light through the wall and read it with a book that reflects the light.
There is a candle in the neighbor's house. If it doesn't go out, it will shoot through and lead the light, and read by the reflected light in the book.
Third: Why did Kuang Heng "insist on his work without asking for compensation"? Answer with the words in the text.
May the master read all the books.
Four: Which idiom does this story come from? What is it used to describe now?
Digging a wall to borrow light describes a person who studies hard and works hard.
3. Sima Guang, born in Xiaxian County, Zhou Xia. Father Sima Chi served as a special designer of Tianzhangge. When Sima Guang was seven years old, he looked like an adult. He liked Zuo's Spring and Autumn Annals when he heard someone talking about it. When he went back to teach his family, he understood its main significance. From then on, Sima Guang was reluctant to put down his book, and he didn't know that he was hungry, thirsty, cold and hot.
One day, Sima Guang was playing with a group of children in the yard. A child boarded the water tank, slipped and fell into the water. Everyone else abandoned him and ran away. Only Sima Guang lifted a stone and broke the jar, and the water came out. The child was saved. After Sima Guang smashed the jar, people in Chang 'an and Luoyang recorded it with pictures and spread it widely. In the first year of Baoyuan, Sima Guang just turned 20 and was admitted to imperial academy. He doesn't like extravagant life by nature. He was the only one who didn't wear flowers at the imperial academy party. In the same year, the person admitted to imperial academy said to Sima Guang: "(Flowers) are given by the king, and you can't violate the imperial edict." He just inserted a flower (on the brim of his hat).
Second, the original: Tuotuo at the end of Yuan Dynasty and Arutu's Biography of Song History 95
Sima Guang, whose name is Junshi, is from Xia County, Shaanxi Province. Father pool, Tianzhangge to be built. Seven-year-old Guangsheng is as imposing as an adult. As soon as he heard about Zuo's Spring and Autumn Annals, he couldn't put it down. He retired for his family and lost his big finger. Naturally, I can't put down my books. I don't know if I'm hungry or thirsty. A group of children were playing in court. One climbed the urn and his foot fell into the water, so everyone abandoned it. As long as the urn is broken with a stone, the water will burst and the child will live. Later, Beijing and Luoyang drew a picture. At the beginning of Yuan Dynasty, Injong Baoyu was an academician of China Academy of Sciences. When I was crowned, I didn't like luxury. I didn't wear flowers when I heard about the party. In the same sentence, I said, "You can't violate it." This is a hairpin.
Extended data
First of all, the profile of the character
Sima Guang (1 019165438+1October17-108665438+1October/. Politicians, historians and writers in the Northern Song Dynasty claimed to be descendants of Sima Fu in the Western Jin Dynasty.
In the first year of Song Renzong Baoyuan (1038), he was a scholar and moved to Longtuge with a bachelor's degree. In Song Shenzong, he opposed Wang Anshi's political reform and left the court for fifteen years. He presided over the compilation of Zi Tongzhi Jian, the first chronicle in the history of China. After four dynasties of Renzong, Yingzong, Zongshen and Zhezong, Shangshu's official position has always been Zuo Assistant Minister. In the first year of Yuan You (1086), he died in Wen Guogong, posthumous title, and Zheng Wen, posthumous title. Ranked as "Yuan You party member", he has the right to Song Zhezong Temple and Graphic Zhao Xun Pavilion; From being enshrined in the Confucius Temple, it was called "Sima Zi's former Confucianism"; From the temple to worship the emperor.
Second, enlightenment.
The story of "Sima Guang smashing a jar" has been widely circulated so far. Little Sima Guang was calm, witty and brave when he was in trouble, and was passed down as a much-told story.
4. The first sentence in classical Chinese is Zi Ling's Yan Guangzi. What is the title of the article "Yan Guang"? Yan Guangzi Zi Ling, a statue, came to see Yuyao people. Gao surnamed less, walking with Guangwu. Guangwu acceded to the throne, changed his name and surname and disappeared. The emperor thought of his sage and ordered him to look for a visit. Later, Qi said, "There was a man fishing in the middle of the river in sheep's clothing." The emperor doubted his light, prepared a car and sent an envoy to hire him. Three in the back. Give up the northern army, give the stork a mattress, and the official will eat it every day. Situ was a bully and broad-minded, and sent an envoy to serve the book. People say, "As soon as I heard that Teacher Gong was coming, I wanted to do it, but the code department forced me not to do it." I am willing to bend my language because of the sunset. He didn't answer, but buried himself in writing: "Your room is the first step, very good. Huairen helps the world to be happy, and flattery is the best. "Master this book and seal it. The emperor smiled and said, "I am a crazy slave. "The car driver is lucky in his museum today. If you can't afford to lie down, the emperor is where you lie. He caressed his bare stomach and said, "Can't you help others manage evil?" Light and sleep should not be for a long time, but Zhang Mu looked at it and said, "Tang Yao used to be benign, and Chao Fu washed his ears. The scholar is ambitious, why force it! " The emperor said, "Zi Ling, can't I do evil to you?" So Yu Sheng sighed and left. It's tiring just to re-introduce and tell the old truth. The emperor calmly asked Guang, "How can I be like before?" He said, "Your Majesty's differences have increased. "Because * * * is lying, it is enough to add it to the emperor's stomach. Tomorrow, Taishi is anxious to make a guest star. The emperor smiled and said, "My old friend Yan Ziling told lies in his ear. "In addition to remonstrating with the doctor, he cultivated in Fuchun Mountain, and later named the fishing place Yanling Seyan. In the seventeenth year of Jianwu, its characteristics have been restored. At the age of eighty, I finally got home.
translate
Yan Guangzi Zi Ling, also known as Yan Zun, is from Yuyao, Huiji. He became famous at a young age and went to imperial academy to study with Emperor Guangwu. After Emperor Guangwu ascended the throne, he changed his name and surname and disappeared in seclusion. Guangwudi took a fancy to his talent and ordered him to be inspected all over the country, just like Yan Guang. Later, the State of Qi reported: "A man dressed in sheepskin was fishing by the water." Guangwudi suspected that it was Yan Guang, so he prepared a car and a gift and sent someone to invite him. It took me three times to get there. I arranged to stay in the guard barracks in Shi Jing and provided bedding and other appliances. The officials in charge of meals in the palace provide wine and food every morning and evening.
Stu Houba and Yan Guang are old friends, so they wrote a letter to Yan Guang. The messenger said to Yan Guang, "When the Duke heard that Mr. Wang had arrived, he was bent on coming to see him at once, but he could not come because of the inconvenience of the relevant imperial system. I hope I can personally apologize to you after dark. " Yan Guang don't talk, call Hou Ba back. Oral said: "Mr. Jun Fang: The official position has reached three, which is very good. With kindness, you can help the world to be happy and you can master all these things. " Houba received the letter, read it, sealed it and handed it to Emperor Guangwu. Guangwudi smiled and said, "This madman is still the same." On the same day, he personally came to the building where Yan Guang lived. When Yan Guang couldn't sleep, Emperor Guangwu went into his bedroom, touched Yan Guang's abdomen and said, "Hey, Yan Ziling, can't you do something?" Yan Guang fell asleep again and said nothing. After a long time, he opened his eyes and looked for a long time. He said: "In the past, people like Tang Yao were so prominent that people like Chao Fu washed their ears when they heard that they would be appointed as officials. Scholars have their own ambitions, so why go so far and force others to be officials? " Emperor Guangwu said, "Yan Ziling, I can't make you give in?" So he got on the bus and left with a sigh.
Later, Yan Guang was invited to the palace to talk about past contacts, and they spent many days together. Once Emperor Guangwu casually asked Yan Guang, "How can I be better than in the past?" Yan Guang replied, "Your Majesty is slightly different from the past." Sleep together after the chat. Yan Guang fell asleep and put his feet on Guangwudi's stomach. The next day, Tai Shi reported that a guest star had desecrated the throne, which was very severe. Guangwudi smiled and said, "My old friend Yan Ziling just slept with me."
He was awarded the position of consultant doctor, but refused to accept it. He lived a farming life in Fuchun Mountain, and later generations named his fishing place Yanling Color. In the seventeenth year of Jianwu, he recruited again and didn't go. He lived to be eighty years old and died at home.
5. Tian Guang confessed himself. Tian Guang sat down and there was no one around. The prince avoided his watch and asked, "Yan and Qin are at odds. I hope you will pay attention."
Tian Guang said: "I heard that Miracle is in full bloom and flies thousands of miles a day; Getting old is the first step. Today, the prince is excited by the news. I don't know that the essence of the minister has disappeared.
Although, light can't seek state affairs, good Jing Qing can make it. The prince said, "Can you make friends with Jing Qing because of your husband?" Tian Guang said, "Keep your promise. "
Get up and rush out at once. The prince saw him to the door and warned him, "What Dan reported and what your husband said is also a national event. I hope your husband won't reveal it! " Tian Guang bowed down and smiled and said, "Promise."
When he saw Jing Qing, he said, "Yan knows that light is good for children. Today, the prince heard the glory and didn't know I couldn't catch it. Fortunately, he taught me:' Yan Qin can't be antagonistic, I hope you will pay attention to it'.
It's the first step for a prince to steal light from the outside. I hope the first step is the prince in the palace. "Jing Ke said," I sincerely hope to teach you. "
Tian Guang said, "I've heard what the elders did, so people don't doubt it. Today, the prince said to Guang,' What he said is also a national event, so please don't vent it', which is also a kind of doubt to the prince.
It is not chivalrous for a husband to make people suspicious because of his behavior. "I want to commit suicide to stimulate Jing Qing, saying," I wish I could be more anxious than the prince. I would say I'm dead, but I won't make it clear. "
Died of suicide. -biographies of historical assassins.
6. Write a modern translation of the classical Chinese "Sima Guang": Sima Guang, whose name is Junshi, is also from Xia County, Shaanxi Province.
Father pool, Tianzhangge to be built. Guangsheng, born at the age of seven, is as imposing as an adult. As soon as he heard about Zuo's Spring and Autumn Annals, he loved it endlessly and retired for his family, which was his great purpose.
Naturally, I can't put down my books. I don't know if I'm hungry or thirsty. A group of children were playing in court. One climbed the urn and his foot fell into the water, so everyone abandoned it. As long as the urn is broken with a stone, the water will burst and the child will live.
Later, Beijing and Luoyang drew a picture. At the beginning of Yuan Dynasty, Injong Baoyu was an academician of China Academy of Sciences.
When I was crowned, I didn't like luxury. I didn't wear flowers when I heard about the party. In the same sentence, I said, "You can't violate it." This is a hairpin.
In addition to serving Li Lang, seven feet in Hangzhou, I asked to appoint a judge in Suzhou, so that I could kiss him and promise him. There are difficulties inside and outside the country, and they have been mourning for many years, and destroying barren land is like a gift.
In addition to taking office, Wu signed a book to judge, changed the judge of Dali, and assisted the country to speak frankly. Pang Ji, the deputy envoy of the Tang Dynasty, recommended Guan Ge's collating, which was the same as Yuan Zhili's.
Zhong Guan Mai Yunyan died and gave a halogen book. Yan Guang said: "It is not enough for Confucius to make countless tassels for North Korea.
Without the great efforts of the founding fathers, it is not a big deal to allow a minister who is close to learning to give three officials a halogen book. Xia Song was stunned and said, "Who is the most beautiful person in this stone? Who can it be?" ? "Go to Wen Zhuang.
School management should be strengthened. From Pang Qi Bi, pass the sentence and stand.
There are many fertile fields in the west of Quye River in Linzhou, and people in the summer eat their land, which is the disaster of Hedong. According to the order, two castles can be built to control the Xia people, support the people to cultivate, and the cultivators will be cheap, and the worries of the East River will be gradually relieved.
Follow its policies; However, our general Guo was crazy and led his troops to cross the river at night. He was ill-equipped and lost to the enemy, so he offended him. Just three monsters, not reporting.
Without a family, Guangshengtang worshipped his wife as his mother, and Nadeshiko as his brother, who was virtuous at that time. Change the secret cabinet, open the government and push the official.
The name of the tribute animal is Lin, and it is concise: "The authenticity is unknown, so it is true, but not self-sufficient, and I am willing to return it." Dance with the wind.
Xiuju Zhu, Shenli Department. If there is a company that plays every day, if the story is not full, or if there is a lack of capital, congratulations.
Yan Guang said: "When you see the four sides, the capital is not seen, and this person is covered with yin and evil; The world knows it, but the court doesn't know it. It is a great benefit to the disaster and should not be congratulated. " From it.
Tongzhi Jianyuan Su Zhe's answer was straightforward, and examiner Su Hu swore it, saying, "A philosopher has the heart of loving the monarch and worrying about the country, so he should not swear."
Put a letter on the last level. Renzong was not prepared from the beginning, and the heir of the country was not established. The world is chilling and dare not speak.
Fan Zhen, an admonition officer, first put forward his suggestion, but it was heard in Bing, and he suggested that the whole town should die. So I replied, "I passed the judgment of merging with the country in the past, and I hope your majesty will make a decisive decision."
The emperor pondered for a long time and said, "Do you have to choose the imperial clan as the heir?" This loyal minister's words, however, make people afraid to spread to their ears. "Just say:" I said this, claiming that I will die, but I didn't expect your majesty to accept it. "
The emperor said, "What's the harm?" When I retired, I didn't know how to live. When I returned to Shu, I said, "I told people that I meant to do it right away. I haven't heard about it yet. There must be a villain saying that your majesty suddenly did something ominous during the heyday of the Spring and Autumn Period.
I have no long-term worries. When I want to die suddenly, I will help kind people. Can the disasters of "the old man of the country" and "the son of heaven" speak louder than words? "Dadi moved to say," send a hanshu. "
Loyal, honest, diligent, honest, courteous. When I was in L.A., every time I went to visit the grave in Xiaxian County, I had to pass my brother Dan, who would be eighty years old. I would be honored as strict father and protected like a baby.
Growing up, I never said anything wrong and said to myself, "I have no outstanding people, but I have never done anything in my life that I can't say to others." Sima Guang, whose real name is Shi Jun, is from Xia County, Shaanxi Province.
His father, Sima Chi, was appointed as Tianzhangting. In the early years of Baoyuan in Song Renzong, Sima Guang was admitted to Jinshi, and he was just twenty years old this year.
He does not like luxury. When attending the Wenxi banquet, Sima Guang was the only one who didn't wear flowers. A scholar told him: "It is disrespectful not to wear the flowers given by the king." So Sima Guang put on one.
The court granted him the post of Li Lang. Because Sima Chi was in Hangzhou, Sima Guang asked to be a judge in Suzhou so that he could serve his father, and the court agreed. When he was in charge of the work of the recommendation office together with others, the value given and rewarded by Song Renzong exceeded1000000.
Sima Guang led his colleagues to write three letters, exhorting: "The country still has great worries and is poor both at home and abroad, so we should not follow the old example. If it is necessary to give or reward, the minister should be allowed to give a reward to help build the mountain. "
The emperor disagreed. Sima Guang took the jewels given by the emperor as the office expenses of Yushifu, gave the gold to his uncle's house, and resolutely refused to stay in his own house.
In the imperial history, Cheng was dismissed from office because he thought the Prime Minister was absent, and Sima Guang took his place. Sima Guang said: "Wang Tao was dismissed for discussing the prime minister, so I can't take up the post now."
I hope to wait until the Prime Minister is on duty before taking office. "The emperor agreed.
The official in charge of government affairs thinks that the drought and poor harvest in Heshuo area are insufficient for the country, and don't give gold or silk when asking for sacrifices in the southern suburbs. The emperor sent a letter to the bachelors to discuss the matter.
Sima Guang, Wang Jue and Wang Anshi were summoned at the same time. Sima Guang said: "Disaster relief and thrift should start with your relatives and trusted ministers. This can be done. " Wang Anshi said: "The reason why the national use is insufficient is because there are no people who are good at managing money.
People who are good at managing money can make full use of the country's wealth without increasing taxes. Sima Guang said: "How can there be such a truth in the world? The wealth, goods and various substances produced by heaven and earth are not in the common people, but in the masses. They are trying to plunder the people, which is more harmful than increasing taxes. "
The ministers argued endlessly on this issue. The emperor said, "I mean the same as Sima Guang, but I can't allow it for the time being."
Wang Anshi began to preside over government affairs and implement the new law. Sima Guang resolutely opposed it and wrote a letter stating his own interests. Wang Anshi stayed at home and asked to resign because of Han Qi's neglect.
The emperor then appointed Sima Guang as the deputy envoy of the Council. Sima Guang declined politely: "Your Majesty probably hired me because I am arrogant and straightforward, which may be beneficial to the country. If you honor me only with salary and position, but don't listen to my opinion, then you regard the position as a personal favor, not a real appointment.
I only honor myself with my salary and position, but I can't save the people from disaster, which is equivalent to stealing the name of the country and the car service system for my own benefit. "Wang Anshi came out to preside over politics, and Sima Guang got the opportunity to resign and left the capital.
He lived in Luoyang for fifteen years, and everyone regarded him as a real prime minister. After the death of the emperor, Sima Guang rushed to the palace.
Everywhere he went, people stopped on the road to gather and watch, so that.
7. The shape of the sun and the moon The shape of the sun and the moon (from Meng Qian's pen talk)
Original text:
The sun and the moon are shaped like pills. How did you know? It can also be verified by monthly profit and loss. The moon has no light, but it is still a silver pill, a light ear that shines in the sun. At the beginning of light, the sun is around, so what you see on the light side is like a hook; The farther away, the more likely it is to shine, but the light will be slightly full. If a projectile is coated with gunpowder, the gunpowder will look like a hook from the side; Look at it, it's perfect. This is called a pill.
Translation:
The sun and the moon are shaped like a meatball. How did you know? It can be verified according to the monthly profit and loss. The moon itself does not shine, just like a silver ball. It is the sun that makes it bright. When the moonlight first appeared, the sun was nearby, so only one side was illuminated, and the moon was like a hook. As the sun moved away, it began to shine obliquely, and the luminous part gradually increased. It's like a projectile. If you look from the side, it looks like a hook. If you look from the front, it looks like a circle. That's why you know that the sun and the moon are shaped like balls.
8. The translation of the "line" of the sun and the moon in the classical Chinese "The Shape of the Sun and the Moon" should be wrong, but "shape".
So you can translate it like this (not very good, don't take it personally, help me correct my mistakes)
The sun and the moon are shaped like "pills" (balls). How can we know? It can be verified by the profit and loss of the moon. The moon doesn't shine, just like a silver ball. Only when the sun shines on it will it shine. The moonlight began to appear, and the sun was on its side, so it lit up the side, and what you saw was like a hook; As the sun gets farther and farther away, it shines obliquely, so the luminous part of the moon appears complete. Like a projectile, half of it is painted with powder, and when you look sideways, the place stained with powder looks like a hook; Look straight ahead, and then there's a whole circle. So there's a way to know it's like meatballs.