First, the varieties of jade are nephrite and jadeite.
1, nephrite is a traditional jade material in China, and the name of jade comes from nephrite. Because the jade in Hotan area of Xinjiang is better, people often call nephrite Hotan jade. The hardness of nephrite is generally 5.6-6.5 degrees, and it is opaque or translucent. Nephrite is divided into white jade, topaz, sapphire, jet, flower jade and Tang jade by color.
2. Jadeite refers to jadeite produced in Myanmar. Whether nephrite or jadeite, their texture is very hard and their colors are very bright, so they are known as the king of stones. Jade is inherently valuable, and it has become priceless after being processed and carved by skilled craftsmen. With the development of the times, jade has gradually formed a jade culture.
Second, the grade of jade.
1, Emerald A refers to the jadeite that has not been subjected to any other physical and chemical treatment except mechanical processing, and its color and structure are natural, and no foreign substances are added.
2. Emerald B refers to the jadeite that has been pickled and filled. This kind of jade is inherently dirty, with coarse grains and loose structure. After pickling, dirty colors and impurities can be removed. After filling the hole with glue, jade will become pure and free of impurities.
3. Emerald C refers to dyed jadeite, which is common in the market, especially it is very common to dye the white background green or add some green to pretend to be jadeite.
4. Jade D goods refer to a kind of sandwich fake jade, which consists of a layer of natural jade and a layer of colored substance or resin interlayer. Strictly speaking, Jade D goods do not belong to jade.
The development of jade culture;
China ancestors chose beautiful stone to grind jade, which was first found in a pair of white jade blocks at Xinglongwa Culture site in Chahai, Inner Mongolia 2000 years ago, indicating the germination and establishment of China jade industry in the late Paleolithic period about 1 10,000 years ago. In China, jade has a history of more than 5,000 years since the Paleolithic Age, which records the changes of human life and society.
Gold, silver, copper and iron did not know how many years ago. From Paleolithic Age to slave society and feudal society, wearing jade represents people's social status. From grinding jade to exquisite jade carvings, jade has developed with the development of society, and jade culture has become more and more abundant, such as flower and bird pins in Tang and Song Dynasties and large jade carvings in Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties.