Empresses in court jewelry: the cultural background of court headdress in Qing Dynasty
Whether it is the popularity of imperial concubines or the popularity of "qing wear Drama", the gorgeous court headdress of the Qing Dynasty has once again approached our vision. What are the basic elements of headdress in Qing Dynasty behind the dazzling luxury and the mix of Zhang Guan and Dai Li? You must know the following key words. Hairpins can be said to be one of the headdresses that accompany women in China for the longest time. In ancient times, when a woman reached the age of fifteen, she had to perform a ceremony of "tying", that is, curling her hair and fixing it with a hairpin (called "tying" in ancient times), which was a sign that a girl became a woman. There are many styles of hair clips in Qing dynasty, which are both practical and beautiful. There are jadeite, jadeite, agate, gold and silver, and all kinds of materials depend on the identity and grade of the wearer. A pearl named "Dongzhu" produced in Northeast China can only be worn by the Empress Dowager and the Empress Dowager. At the same time, the material is also related to the season. Generally, gold hairpin is worn in winter and spring, and jade hairpin is replaced in summer. The decorative theme is extremely rich, and the implication is also very particular, that is, "if you have a picture, you must be intentional, and if you are interested, you must be auspicious." For example, bats bless copper coins, magpies are beaming at plums, and bergamot pomegranates form a three-night life. When the coverage area of the hairpin head increases, it becomes the head flower. The tail of a hairpin splits from one to two or more, which makes it a hairpin. Hairpins, hairpins and headdresses can be used alone or in combination, and can be worn in the middle, obliquely inserted, in front and hidden behind. The headdress worn between the two heads of Manchu women is called headdress, and the one inserted at both ends of the two heads is called sideburns. By the Qing Dynasty, complicated decorative styles were very popular, and it was very common to pay attention to more beauty and spread hair all over the head. Fringe Fringe originally refers to a fringe made of colorful silk thread, but in the court headdress of Qing Dynasty, it is a kind of ornament similar to hairpin and beading ear. The word "walking" in ancient jewelry defines this kind of jewelry more vividly-with the wearer's movements, walking is full of movement. Diàn, meaning flower-shaped ornaments inlaid with gold. The flower bud, which was all the rage in the Tang Dynasty, was made by trimming various materials into the shape of flowers and sticking them on the forehead. The traditional mother-of-pearl inlay technology also uses snail shells or shells to inlay the surface of lacquerware, hardwood furniture or carved objects. The cymbals used by nobles in the Qing Dynasty are also complex and gorgeous. This headdress is actually a hat worn by the queen, concubines and concubines when they wear auspicious clothes. Generally, it is made of rattan or fine iron wire, wrapped with black silk thread, and then inlaid with various gems and pearls. Form various auspicious patterns. There are three kinds of flicker: phoenix flicker, full flicker and half flicker. Phoenix-shaped cymbals look like crested phoenix from the past, but the back is covered with a dustpan-shaped plane, and its shape is different. The front edge of the lantern is also decorated with a lamp mouth, a snuff and a lamp tail. Empresses and concubines often use phoenix-shaped mouths, including nine, seven and five phoenixes. Jiu Feng's mouth was worn by the Empress Dowager and Empress. The characteristic hairstyle of Manchu women in the square is two heads and big wings. When combing these two hairstyles, use a horizontal hairpin, that is, a square, to connect them fixedly. It is more like a ruler than a hairpin. It is flat and long, with one end rolled up and the other end in a semicircle. The flat squares used in the court are mostly jade, and there are also products such as coral, jade, gold inlaid jade and jade inlaid gems. Jin Yue Jin Yue is one of the headdresses worn by court concubines in Qing Dynasty. When wearing a crown, you must first wear Jin Yue's hair, which looks like a hoop. The gold covenant consists of two parts: a gold hoop and beads hanging on the back. The number of knots in the gold hoop and the number of rows of beads reflect the rank of the queen. The Empress Dowager and the Empress Dowager made five strings of pearls, with lapis lazuli and other jade as nodes, and divided the pearls into upper and lower sections, which were called five elements two. In addition, the imperial concubine of the emperor is three products, the concubine is three products, and the concubine is three products, which decreases in turn.