After Emperor Qianlong succeeded to the throne, he adjusted the landscape of Yuanmingyuan, increased the number of architectural groups, and built Changchun Garden and Qichun Garden (Tongzhi renamed Wanchun Garden) in the east and southeast of Yuanmingyuan. These three gardens are managed by the management minister of Yuanmingyuan, and are called Yuanming Three Gardens.
In the middle of Qing dynasty, the park was expanded and rebuilt many times. The main landscape groups of the park include the famous "Forty Scenes of Yuanmingyuan", Zibi Mountain Residence, Algae Garden, Ruofan Pavilion and Wenyuan Pavilion. At that time, there were about 600 plaques hanging in the main garden buildings, which was the highest among the royal gardens in ancient and modern times.
Yuanmingyuan, which was founded in the Qing Dynasty, has been operating for over 50 years. It was once famous for its grand geographical scale, outstanding architectural skills, exquisite architectural landscape, rich cultural collection and profound national cultural connotation, and was praised as "a model of all gardening arts" and "a model of ideals and art" by French writer victor hugo.
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The catastrophe of Yuanmingyuan:
In the tenth year of Xianfeng (1860), after the British and French allied forces captured Beijing, they occupied Yuanmingyuan. China's defenders were outnumbered, and Wenfeng, the chief minister of Yuanmingyuan, committed suicide by throwing himself into Fuhai. Chang Ai, who lived in the garden, was scared to death.
With the support of British Prime Minister Pa Max Don, British leader Elgin ordered the burning of Yuanmingyuan. 3,500 British and French troops rushed into Yuanmingyuan and set fire to it. The fire didn't go out for three days.
Yuanmingyuan and its nearby Qingyi Garden, Jingming Garden, Jingyi Garden, Changchun Garden and Haidian Town were all burned into ruins. In Anyou Palace, nearly 300 eunuchs, maids-in-waiting, and craftsmen were buried in the sea of fire. Turn this world-famous garden into ruins. The fire burned for three days and nights and became a rare atrocity in the history of world civilization.
People's Network-Burning Yuanmingyuan
Baidu encyclopedia-Yuanmingyuan