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What is the story of the marriage proposal of Tubo ministers in Tang Dynasty?
In the 13th year of Tang Zhenguan (639), Nipo Bhrikuti Devi was invited to Tibet to participate in Songzan Gambu. The following year (640), she went to the Tang Dynasty to meet Princess Wencheng from the life of Songzan Gambu. Lu Dongzan led a delegation to propose to Chang 'an, Tang Dou with a large amount of gold and jewels. Unexpectedly, Tianzhu, Dashi, Zhong Gesar and Wang Ting also sent messengers to propose marriage, hoping to welcome the virtuous Princess Wencheng back to be his concubine. Therefore, both Emperor Taizong and Li Shimin were embarrassed. In order to be fair and reasonable, he decided to let the marriage envoys compete for wisdom. Whoever wins can welcome the princess. This is the "six great marriage envoys" in history (also known as "six difficult marriage envoys" and "five marriage envoys"). The murals depicting this story have been well preserved in Jokhang Temple and Potala Palace in Lhasa.

The first attempt: satin wears a zigzag pearl, that is, a soft satin (Han Yu) passes through the zigzag hole of the pearl. At the beginning of the game, due to the powerful influence of Tubo diplomats, I took it first and racked my brains, but I didn't get through several times. The clever Lu Dongzan sat under a big tree and came up with an idea. I happened to find a big ant, so he had a brainwave and found a silk thread. He tied one end of the silk thread around the ant's waist and sewed the other end on the satin. Put honey at one end of the serrated hole and ants at the other end. When ants smell the fragrance of honey, with the help of Lu Dongzan's blowing force, they slowly climb out from the other side along the winding hole with silk thread, and the satin also passes through the winding pearl with the silk thread.

The second test: identify the mother-child relationship between one hundred mares and one hundred foals. The game started, but I saw the wedding envoys take turns to identify each other. Some are distinguished by their coat color, some by their age, and some by their height. However, they are all wrong. Finally, it was Lu Dongzan's turn to be guided by the groom. He kept all the mares and foals separately, and only fed the foals without drinking water for a day. The next day, these foals were publicly released into the herd. They are reluctant to drink, and soon they all find their mothers to nurse, so it is easy to determine the relationship between mother and child. Then, Emperor Taizong Li Shizong gave a question to identify the mother-child relationship between 100 chickens and 100 hens. This incident stumped other wedding envoys again, and no one could identify it clearly. Lu Dongzan drove Jishan to the square and sprinkled a lot of vegetables. As soon as the hen saw the food, she called the chickens to eat, but most of them ran to their mother's neck and pecked. But there are still some naughty chicks who don't listen to the call and run around for food, so Lu Dongzan learned the kite's cry "Qu Jiu-Er-Qu Jiu-Er-". When the chick heard this, she believed it and quickly hid under her mother's wings. The relationship between the hen and the chick was confirmed again.

The third test: it is stipulated that 100 suitors should drink 100 altar wine, eat 100 sheep and knead the sheepskin in one day. At the beginning of the game, other messengers and followers slaughtered the sheep in a hurry, and the ground was covered with fur and blood; Then drink in a big bowl and eat meat. When the meat is not finished, people are as drunk as a fiddler and can't afford to rub the skin. Lu Dongzan lined up the hundred knights who followed him to kill sheep, sipped wine in order, ate meat in small pieces, rubbed the skin while eating, and ate and drank. In less than a day, the envoys of Tubo finished drinking, eating meat and rubbing their skins.

The fourth test: The Emperor of the Tang Dynasty gave the envoy a hundred pieces of pine, so that Guelton Zanyusong could distinguish its roots and buds. Gail then had all the wood transported to the river and thrown into the water. The roots of the wood are slightly heavier and sink into the water, while the tops of the trees are lighter but float on the water. The roots of wood are obvious.

The fifth test: Don't get lost in and out of the Palace at night (it is said that you can still recognize the door in Vientiane Gate in Shi Jing). One night, a big drum suddenly sounded in the palace, and the emperor called messengers from all walks of life to the palace to discuss things. Lu Dongzan thought that he had just arrived in Chang 'an and was not familiar with the road. In order not to get lost, he marked the key road sections with the word "Tian" (or colored it). When they arrived at the palace, the emperor told them to go back immediately to see who wouldn't take the wrong way back to their residence. As a result, Lu Dongzan won again with his own marks made in advance. The sixth test: identify the princess. On this day, Tang Taizong, Li Shimin and other ministers came to the front of the temple and took the exam in person. But I saw 300 (or 500 or 2500) ladies-in-waiting dressed in gorgeous clothes, lined up from the palace in two teams in turn, just like 300 immortals floating through the air, light, chic and handsome, dazzling. None of the other messengers knew or who Princess Wencheng was. Only Lu Dongzan knows her physical characteristics, because she was instructed by the Han grandmother who served the princess in advance: elegant posture, fair complexion, bright eyes, firm and gentle personality, dice pattern on her right cheek, lotus pattern on her left cheek, Huang Dan circle on her forehead, white and delicate teeth and fragrant mouth. After repeated identification, Lu Dongzan finally recognized the sixth princess on the left.

After the trial marriage, Emperor Taizong was very happy. He married the beautiful and versatile Princess Wencheng to Songzan Gambu, the leader of Tubo. Lu Dongzan finally completed the mission of marrying the bride, which has become a story to celebrate the marriage between Tibetan and Chinese for thousands of years. Therefore, Emperor Taizong attached great importance to Lu Dongzan's talent and named him "the right-back general", hoping to keep him in Chang 'an for a long time by marrying Duan, the granddaughter of princess royal. However, Lu Dongzan said, "I have a wife in the country who was hired by my parents. I can't bear to be a good person. Zamp didn't marry the princess, but he dared to marry with the minister. " He politely declined the kindness of Emperor Taizong and insisted on returning to his native land. Later, after Emperor Taizong cut Liaodong, Lu Dongzan went to Chang 'an to pay tribute on the orders of Songzan Gambu, and made the statement that "geese fly faster than your majesty" and "geese are crouching, geese are still alive, pretending to be golden geese". Lu Dongzan brought a golden goose that was seven feet tall and could hold three bottles of wine, which reflected the close relationship between Fan and the Tang Dynasty and the important role played by Lu Dongzan.

Ludongzan information

When Songzan Gambu was in Zampa, he took Uncle Cumberbons as the overall situation. Junbomi rebelled against Zampa and committed suicide. Lu Dongzan is highly trusted because he continues to be a great figure. In 640, he was ordered by Zampa to enter the Tang Dynasty to propose marriage. The following year, the Tang Dynasty named him General Youwei to protect Princess Wencheng from being sent to Tubo. In 650, Song Zan Gambu died, and his grandson succeeded him as Zampo, who was very old. Lu Dongzan is in charge of state affairs. During his reign, he helped the frontier areas, formulated taxes and laws, distinguished the ranks of "expensive" (warriors) and "Yong" (slaves), and checked the household registration, which played a significant role in the development of Tibetan society, economy and political system. Lv Dong praised Shen Yong for his resourcefulness, proper use of military force, and relying heavily on Tubo to make it a powerful country. He died in 667 and lived in Tugu Hunjing a few years before his death. After his death, his sons (or grandchildren) Qin Mausoleum and Zanpu continued to be in power, and Lu Dongzan and his descendants held the military and political power of Tubo for nearly 50 years.

According to Ming Ji, Lu Dongzan "knows nothing about literary records, but his nature is clear and resolute." When it comes to training, it is elegant and temperate. Tubo and Qiang unite to dominate the local area, and there are many plots. "(The Biography of Tubo in Old Tang Dynasty (volume 196, biography 146, volume 16, page 52 19). At the beginning of his accession to the throne, Songzan Gambu was ordered to speak out, assist Zampa in managing state affairs, unify Qiang tribes, expand territory, create a legal system, consolidate kingship, and participate in Tubo military and political plans; Carry out major political and economic changes at home, such as eliminating traitors, dividing Guiyong (that is, distinguishing samurai from slave class), checking household registration, delimiting fields and acres, establishing official documents, levying taxes, etc. Calm down the resistance of various ministries and commissions and so on. In particular, he advocated keeping close contact with the Tang Dynasty and neighboring Nepal, and personally sent envoys to Chang 'an for many times.