I. Calculation of import duties and taxes
The basic formula for calculating the import tariff is:
Import duty = customs value × import tax rate
Please pay attention to the following points when calculating tariffs:
1. Import tax is paid in RMB. If the imported goods are denominated in foreign currency, the customs shall calculate the transaction price in RMB according to the central parity of RMB foreign exchange announced by the State Administration of Foreign Exchange on the date when the tax payment certificate is issued. Foreign currencies not listed in the RMB foreign exchange quotation sheet shall be converted into RMB at the exchange rate determined by the state foreign exchange administration department.
2. The customs value shall be calculated in RMB yuan and rounded to the nearest yuan. After tax payment, the tax shall be calculated to minutes and rounded off as follows.
3. A ticket of goods is duty-free if the tariff is lower than RMB 10 yuan.
The transaction price of imported goods has different price forms due to different trading conditions. Commonly used price terms are FOB, CIF and CIF. According to three commonly used price terms, this paper introduces the calculation of import tax with examples.
(1) If the declared price of imported goods transacted on CIF basis meets the requirements of "Transaction Price", the tax can be directly taxed.
Examples are as follows:
A company imported 65,438+000,000 kilograms of steel wire rod from Germany, and the transaction price was $65,438+025,000, CIF Tianjin Xingang. What's the tariff?
It is understood that the foreign exchange rate on the day when the customs issues the tax payment certificate is:
100 USD =847.26 yuan (purchase price)
100 USD =857. 18 RMB (selling price)
The tax is calculated as follows:
(1) Review the declared price and confirm the tax rate: steel wire belongs to the tax number 73 10, and the import tariff rate is 15%.
(2) Convert the price of the goods into RMB according to the foreign exchange quotation on the day when the tax payment certificate is issued.
The foreign exchange rate of the day is:
The median price of foreign exchange transactions 100 USD = (847.26+857.18) ÷ 2 = 852.22 RMB.
That is, 1 USD =8.5222 RMB.
Duty paid price =125000× 8.5222 =1065275 RMB.
(3) The calculated tariff amount is: 1065275 RMB×15% =159791.25 RMB.
(2) For imported goods traded on FOB and CFR terms, the declared price of the imported goods shall be converted into CIF price first, and then the tax shall be calculated according to the above procedures.
Examples are as follows:
China imported a batch of medium and heavy steel plates, weighing 200,000 kg, and the transaction price was 2.5 pounds/kg FOB London. It is known that the unit freight rate is 0. 1 pound and the insurance rate is 0.25%. What's the tariff?
It is understood that the foreign exchange rate on the day when the customs issues the tax payment certificate is:
1 = 1 1.2683 RMB (purchase price)
1 = 1 1.8857 RMB (price)
(1) Convert the price of the goods into RMB according to the foreign exchange quotation on the date when the tax payment certificate is issued.
The foreign exchange rate of the day is:
The median price of foreign exchange transactions = (11.2683+11.8857) RMB 2 = 1 1.577 RMB.
That is, 1 USD = 1 1.577 RMB.
Duty paid price =(FOB price+freight) /( 1- insurance rate) =(2.5+0.5)/( 1-0.25%)
=3.0075 yuan
(2) Calculation of tariff: According to the tariff classification, medium and thick steel plates are goods of Japanese origin, and the most-favored-nation tariff rate is 10%.
Then: the import tariff of this batch of goods =3.0075 RMB× 200,000 kg×10% = 60150 RMB.
Section 4 Customs Imposition of Import Link Taxes and Customs Supervision Fees
I. Consumption tax
According to the Provisional Regulations of People's Republic of China (PRC) on Consumption Tax, China only levies consumption tax on four kinds of goods at present.
The first category: special consumer goods, such as cigarettes, wine, wine, firecrackers, fireworks and other goods that will do harm to health, social order and ecological environment.
The second category: luxury goods and other non-necessities, such as precious jewelry and jade, cosmetics, skin care products, etc.
The third category: high-end consumer goods with high energy consumption, such as automobiles, motorcycles and automobile tires.
The fourth category: non-renewable and replaceable petroleum consumer goods, such as gasoline and diesel oil.
(1) ad valorem consumption tax
1. Taxable goods and their tax rates
According to the Table of Consumption Tax Items and Rates (Tax Amount) attached to the Provisional Regulations on Consumption Tax in People's Republic of China (PRC), cigarettes, liquor, liquor, cosmetics, skin care products, precious jewels and jade, firecrackers and fireworks, gasoline, diesel oil, automobile tires, motorcycles and automobiles are 1 1 consumption tax taxable goods. The table also lists the tax rates applicable to taxable goods, ranging from 45% to 3%.
2. Taxable value and tax calculation
China adopts the method of ad valorem rate to calculate the import consumption tax, and taxable value consists of the price of imported goods (cost plus transportation insurance) (i.e. customs duty paid price) plus customs duties. China's consumption tax adopts the method of in-price tax, so the composition of taxable value includes consumption tax.
The formula for calculating the component tax value is:
Composition taxable value = (duty paid price+tariff amount) ÷( 1- consumption tax rate).
The calculation formula for ad valorem consumption tax is:
Taxable amount = component taxable value × consumption tax rate.
Example of consumption tax calculation:
A company declared to the customs to import a batch of cars, the price was FOB Yokohama/KLOC-0 10000000 yen, the freight was 200000 yen, and the insurance rate was 5‰. The consumption tax rate is 8%. 100000 yen is converted into RMB with a median price of 8500 yuan.
Duty paid price: (1000000+200000)/(1-5 ‰) =15438+0238+04438+0.
10251256.8141× 8500 ÷100000 = 871356.719687/.
Imported cars should be classified as tax number 8703.23 14, and the tariff rate is 80%. The tariff tax is 87 1357 RMB× 80% = 697,085.6 RMB.
Consumption tax in taxable value: (87 1357 yuan+697,085.6 yuan) /( 1-8%)
= 1704828.9 1 yuan ≈ 1704829 RMB.
Consumption tax:1704829× 8% =136386.32 RMB.
(2) Consumption tax levied according to quantity.
There are four kinds of taxable commodities for consumption: yellow wine, beer, gasoline and diesel oil, which are subject to quota collection. 240 yuan per ton of rice wine, 220 yuan per ton of beer, 0.2 yuan per liter of gasoline and 0. 1 yuan per liter of diesel.
The formula for calculating the consumption tax by quantity is:
Taxable amount = unit tax amount × import quantity
The conversion standard of units of measurement for goods subject to consumption tax according to specific tax is:
Beer 1 ton =988 liters
Yellow rice wine 1 ton =962 liters
Gasoline 1 ton = 1388 liters
Diesel oil 1 ton = 1 176 liters.
Examples of calculating consumption tax by volume;
A company imported 1000 cases of beer, each containing 24 cans, with a net weight of 335 ml. The price is CIFUS$ 10000 100, which is equivalent to RMB 824. The general tariff rate is 7.5 yuan/liter, and the consumption tax rate is 220 yuan/ton.
Quantity of imported beer: 335 ml×1000× 24 ÷1000 ml =, 8040l =8. 1377 tons.
Tariff: 7.5 yuan ×8040=60300 yuan.
Consumption tax: 220 yuan ×8. 1377= 1790.29 RMB.
Second, value-added tax.
(1) tax rate
China's VAT taxable goods are all levied ad valorem, and its basic tax rate is 17%, but for some important materials related to the national economy and people's livelihood, its VAT rate is even lower, at 13%.
The VAT rate of the following goods is 13%:
1. Grain, edible oil and vegetable oil;
2 tap water, heating, air conditioning, hot water, gas, liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas, biogas and coal products for residents;
3. Books, newspapers and magazines;
4. Feeds, fertilizers, pesticides, agricultural machinery and plastic films;
5. Metal minerals, nonmetallic minerals and other products (excluding gold powder and forged gold, with zero tax rate);
6. Other goods specified by the State Council.
(2) taxable value and tax calculation.
According to the Provisional Regulations of People's Republic of China (PRC) on Value-added Tax, the value-added tax is levied by the tax authorities, and the value-added tax on imported goods is levied by the customs. Taxpayers export goods at zero tax rate. Value-added tax on articles brought into the country by individuals or mailed for their own use shall be levied together with customs duties. The formula for calculating the component tax value is:
Composition taxable value = dutiable price+customs duty+consumption tax.
VAT calculation formula:
Taxable amount = component taxable amount × VAT rate.
Example of VAT calculation:
A foreign trade company imported a Swiss-made CNC milling machine, FOBAntwerpSFr223343, on behalf of a watch factory, with a freight of 42240 yuan and an insurance rate of 0.3%. On the day when the customs duty payment certificate is filled in, the central parity of Swiss francs in the RMB foreign exchange market is 100 = 387.055 RMB.
Duty paid price: 223,343× 387.055 ÷100 = 864,460.24865 yuan.
(864460.24865+42240)/(1-0.3%) = 909428.542528 yuan ≈909429 yuan.
CNC milling machines should be classified as tariff code 8459. 100, and the tax rate is 15%, so the applicable tariff rate is:
909429×15% =136414.35 yuan.
Value-added tax constitutes taxable value:
909429+136414.35 =1045843.35 yuan.
VAT payable:1045843×17% =1493+0 yuan.
Third, the customs supervision fee.
The customs supervision fee refers to the fee charged by the customs for the supervision and management of the services provided by the imported goods and bonded goods with duty reduction or exemption in accordance with the Measures of People's Republic of China (PRC) Customs for Collecting Customs Supervision Fees for Imported Goods with Duty Reduction or Exemption.
(1) Collection range
Customs supervision fees are only levied on imported goods and bonded goods with tax reduction or exemption. The specific scope is as follows:
1. Ships and aircraft import duty-free fuel, ship (machine) materials, machinery and equipment parts and other goods for international navigation;
Tax reduction and exemption machinery and equipment imported by existing enterprises for technological transformation;
3. Scientific research institutions and universities import duty-free special equipment for scientific research and teaching;
4. Goods imported by domestic institutions and enterprises with loans from foreign governments or international financial organizations;
5. Duty-free goods imported by domestic and foreign-funded projects encouraged by the state; Materials and components imported by foreign-invested enterprises for business purposes and materials and components imported for domestic sales after processing are still reduced or exempted;
6. The imported raw materials, materials, accessories, spare parts and packaging materials provided by overseas merchants that are processed and assembled in China and re-exported shall be granted temporary duty-free import;
7. Imported duty-free goods bonded and consigned in China;
8. Other duty-free imported goods stipulated by the State Council;
9. Imported goods that have been temporarily exempted or exempted by the General Administration of Customs or the General Administration of Customs in conjunction with the Ministry of Finance in accordance with the provisions of the State Council.
The following duty-free, duty-free or bonded goods are exempted or temporarily exempted from customs supervision fees:
1. Goods listed in the import and export tariff are imported duty-free;
2. Materials donated by foreign governments and international organizations free of charge;
3 donations from foreign organizations and individuals and materials donated by overseas Chinese, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan compatriots for public welfare undertakings;
4. Materials used for disaster relief;
5. Confess special equipment and articles for the disabled, as well as machinery and equipment imported from welfare factories for the disabled;
6. Official articles imported by foreign institutions enjoying diplomatic privileges and immunities;
7. Imported goods damaged before customs release and given tax reduction or exemption;
8. Imported goods declared from overseas and enjoying tax reduction and exemption treatment;
9. Goods that have not been processed after import and are re-exported after less than 90 days of bonded storage;
10. Temporary import of goods;
1 1. Direct military order for duty-free import;
12. Other duty-free and bonded goods exempted from supervision fees with special permission from the State Council and the General Administration of Customs.
(2) Collection standard
Customs supervision fees are levied according to the following standards:
1. During the processing of incoming materials and incoming materials, the goods that belong to the re-export of mechanical and electrical products for processing and assembly shall be assessed according to 1.5‰ of the CIF price of the goods approved by the customs;
2. Advanced technologies and equipment imported for processing materials, as well as materials and parts imported for processing jewelry, furs, high-grade clothing, woven sweaters and pieces of sweaters, and plastic toys, shall be assessed according to 1‰ of the CIF price of goods approved by the customs;
3. Goods stored in bonded warehouses for more than 90 days (including 90 days) after import and re-exported without processing shall be assessed at 1‰ of the customs duty-paid price;
4. Import duty-free goods shall be taxed at 3‰ of the CIF price of the goods approved by the customs;
5. The imported goods with reduced taxes are taxed at 3‰ of the CIF price of the goods with actual reduced taxes;
6. Other imported bonded goods shall be taxed at 3‰ of the CIF price of the goods approved by the customs.
(3) Term and method of payment
According to the regulations, the consignor or agent of imported duty-free goods and bonded goods is the payer of customs supervision fees. The payer shall pay the handling fee to the customs within 7 days from the day after the customs issues the supervision fee payment letter. If the payment is not made within the time limit, the customs shall, in addition to recovering it according to law, impose a late fee of 1‰ of the total handling fee on a daily basis from the date of payment to the date of payment of the handling fee. The threshold of late payment fee is 10 yuan, and it is exempted below 10 yuan.
The customs supervision fee shall be collected by the port customs when the goods are imported, and under special circumstances, it may be collected by the competent customs when examining and approving the goods with tax reduction or exemption. After the customs collects the handling fee, it will issue a "Certificate of Procedure Payment" to the payer.
Calculation example of customs supervision fee:
A domestic company imported a batch of mechanical and electrical products assembly export materials, CIF Shanghai 180000 RMB, stored in bonded warehouse 100 days, and re-exported without processing. How much is the customs supervision fee?
Solution: According to the customs regulations, the goods stored in bonded warehouses for more than 90 days (including 90 days) after import and re-exported without processing will be subject to customs supervision fee of 65,438+0‰ of the customs duty-paid price.
Supervision fee amount = CIF price of goods × rate
The customs supervision fee for this batch of goods = 180000 yuan × 1‰= 180 yuan.