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Cloisonne inkpad box
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Cloisonne inkpad box
Cloisonne is a gorgeous and colorful handicraft, which is made by attaching enamels of various colors to copper or bronze tires and firing them. The name "cloisonne" is a common name, and the official academic name is copper tire cloisonne enamel.
Exquisite cloisonne products must be bright in color, thick in fetal bones, neatly and symmetrically shredded, and bright in gold plating.
catalogue
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* 1 color
* 2 production process
O 2. 1 shredding
O 2.2 welding
O 2.3 point medicine (point blue)
O 2.4 burning blue
O 2.5 polishing
O 2.6 gold plating
* 3 Development
O 3. 1 origin
O 3.2 Naming
O 3.3 Reasons for prosperity
O 3.4 Early stage
O 3.5 Hyundai
O 3.6 Hyundai
* 4 external links
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colour
There are many glaze colors of cloisonne, but the most commonly used ones are sky blue (light blue), sapphire blue (lapis lazuli), red (chicken blood), light green (grass green), dark green (jade color, translucent), white (driveway color), grape purple (amethyst color with glass texture), purple (rose red) and emerald blue.
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manufacturing process
The production process of cloisonne is complicated. From the technical method, it can be divided into: casting tire, clamping wire, welding, dispensing glue, burning blue, polishing and gold plating.
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Metal wire inlay
Pinch the squashed thin copper wire into various exquisite patterns with tweezers, such as patterns, moire patterns, geometric patterns, figures or animal patterns, etc. Then use Bletilla striata (a plant that can be made into plant glue) or flux to stick it on the copper tire, and then screen the silver solder powder.
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age
The copper wire pattern is firmly welded on the copper tire by high temperature baking at 900 degrees.
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Dianyao (Dianlan)
Enamel is an opaque or translucent luster material, which is made of lead, borate, glass powder and other raw materials. Using different oxidized metals, it becomes enamel with different colors, that is, enamel color. Melted enamel cools and becomes solid. Before filling, it is ground into fine powder and mixed with water. Add enamel powder into the solvent, adjust the glaze powder of different colors, and fill all kinds of enamel glazes into the gaps of the lines with a metal spatula according to the outline of the lines, first point the ground, then point the flowers, then point the blue, and then add bright white.
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Glazing
Firing in a kiln, and melting at a high temperature of 800 DEG C, so as to melt the powdery glaze. Because the volume of enamel powder will be reduced by about 1/3 after baking, it is necessary to fill the enamel with the same color for many times in order to prevent the surface from being uneven. Only by repeatedly glazing and baking for two to three or four times can the glaze be flush with the copper wire without pits.
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shine
Put the baked utensils into water and grind them with coarse sand, Yellowstone and charcoal. To smooth the uneven blue glaze. Finally, use charcoal and scraper to scrape off the copper wire, bottom line and mouth line without blue glaze.
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society
After pickling, decontamination and sanding, the polished cloisonne is put into a gold plating tank, and gold is attached to the metal tire without polishing agent by the electrification process. The purpose of gold plating is to make the metal matrix not corrode and rust, and also to make the vessel as bright as new and resplendent. Finally, after washing, rinsing and drying, a gorgeous cloisonne is finished.
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develop
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Place of production
There are many theories about the origin of this technology. It should be introduced to China from West Asia, Central Asia, Persia and Arabia in the Yuan Dynasty, and then developed in large quantities and introduced to China in Jingtai period of the Ming Dynasty (1450- 1456). Cloisonne is now mainly produced in Taiwan Province Province and Chinese mainland.
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name
Because this technology flourished in Jingtai period, it was named Jingtai Enamel or Jingtailang. Later, due to the use of sapphire blue and peacock blue glaze as the background color, and the pronunciation of "Lang" is similar to that of "Blue", it finally evolved into the name "Cloisonne". Later, the name broadly included all copper tires and enamels.
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Reasons for prosperity
After cloisonne was introduced into China, it achieved such success in a short time, mainly because China had already possessed metallurgical technology such as copper casting and knowledge of making glass and coloured glaze, and knew how to control the forging temperature, which provided good conditions for the development of cloisonne. On the other hand, enamel shows the warmth of jade, the brilliance of jewelry and the exquisiteness of porcelain, which satisfies many hobbies of China people and thus promotes the development of cloisonne in China.
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early stage
Although cloisonne was introduced to China in the Yuan Dynasty, its works have hardly survived because of its age, immature technology and unfamiliarity with new things. In the rapidly developing Ming Dynasty, cloisonne was dignified and heavy, with crystal glaze as deep as a gem, rough and full patterns, strong, solid and magnificent color contrast, and gold-plated and bright gold. Cloisonne products in this period are mostly antique bronze products, such as ding and pan. These achievements and characteristics have laid a solid foundation for the future development of cloisonne.
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Modern Times
By the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, cloisonne had a new development, not only with a wide variety, but also with western flavor, such as cups and plates of western ladies. Moreover, the enamel color glaze has also developed from six or seven kinds to more than ten kinds, which makes the color tone of cloisonne more rich and elegant and the craft more delicate and exquisite. By the end of the Qing Dynasty, cloisonne gradually moved from pure palace art to folk (mass production of daily necessities) and international market. Cloisonne won the first prize at the Chicago World Expo in 1904, which made the reputation of Cloisonne increase day by day and doubled its value.
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Modern Times
With the continuous development of cloisonne and the needs of the market, some practical products and tourist souvenirs are produced in large quantities, and new varieties, new colors and new technologies are constantly emerging. In recent years, the cloisonne industry has appeared, such as bodiless cloisonne, silver cloisonne, cloisonne with painted enamel and cloisonne, machine-made cloisonne, silver crystal blue imitating Japanese Qibao Shao, and cloisonne with various techniques. In particular, the combination of multi-process and cloisonne is particularly prominent. This is a kind of cloisonne as the main body, combined with tooth carving, jade carving, wood carving, lacquer art and filigree mosaic.
In Taiwan Province Province, this traditional handicraft has once again attracted attention and attention. Many people use modern machines and techniques to create exquisite cloisonne ornaments (such as mobile phone ornaments, jewelry, etc.) by combining the artist's creative heart. ), handicrafts (jewelry boxes, vases, etc. ) and electrical appliances (clocks, stationery sets, etc. ). This kind of traditional handicraft with primitive simplicity not only combines with modern life, embellishes and enriches the content of life, but also enables the traditional skills to continue and carry forward.
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external links
* Look at photos of cloisonne with Google.
* Chongwen Information Network-Cloisonne
From "blog.org/wiki/%E6% 99% AF% E6% B3% B0% E8% 97% 8D"
Category: handicrafts