The following is the introduction of crystal stone:
sapphire
Sapphire is the general name of corundum gemstones with other colors except ruby, and its main component is alumina (al? o？ )。 Blue sapphire is caused by a small amount of titanium (Ti) and iron (Fe) impurities. Sapphire can be pink, yellow, green, white, or even multiple colors in the same stone.
Sapphire is produced in Thailand, Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Laos, Cambodia, China, Changle, Hainan, and Sun Shi Mountain in Jiangjin, Chongqing. Among them, the rarest origin belongs to the sapphire in Kashmir, and Myanmar is the place where the highest quality sapphire is produced today.
2. Opal
Cat's eye, that is, "golden emerald with cat's eye effect". Also known as "cat's eye", "cat's eye", "cat essence" and oriental cat's eye, it is a rare and precious variety in jewelry, also known as Alexander's cat's eye, which has both discoloration and cat's eye phenomenon.
Opal is one of the rarest and most precious emeralds. Only Sri Lanka is produced in the world, and the price is quite expensive. /kloc-It's hard to see domestic shopping malls above 0/0 carat. Opal is named because it is as flexible and bright as a cat's eye and can change with the intensity of light. This optical effect is called "cat's eye effect".
3.topaz
The chemical composition is Al _ 2SiO _ 4 (f, OH) _ 2, which can contain trace elements Li Be and Ga, and pink topaz can contain Cr. Oblique crystal system, biaxial crystal, positive light The common crystal form is columnar with longitudinal stripes on the cylindrical surface. Common colors are colorless, light blue, blue, yellow, pink, brownish red and green. This kind of glass is shiny and transparent. A set of perfect cleavage; Mohs hardness 8; The density is about 3.53g/cm3, and the refractive index is1.619 ~1.627.
Polychromaticity is weak to moderate, and changes with color change. Generally, the long-wave ultraviolet fluorescence is orange and green, and the short-wave ultraviolet fluorescence is weak. No intrinsic absorption spectrum. Two-phase and three-phase inclusions, two or more immiscible liquid inclusions, mineral inclusions and negative crystals are common in crystals. Mainly produced in granite pegmatite and greisen. The origin is distributed all over the world, including Brazil, Myanmar, the United States, Sri Lanka and so on.
4.amethyst
The composition of amethyst is silicon dioxide, with hardness of 7, specific gravity of 2.65, refractive index of 1.54- 1.55 and dichroism. Viewed from different angles, it can display blue or red-purple tones, and usually consists of mixed or stepped facets. Natural amethyst is beautiful purple because of its iron, manganese and other minerals. The main colors are lavender, fuchsia, crimson, scarlet, deep purple, blue purple and so on, with deep purple and scarlet being the best, and excessive lavender is more common. Natural amethyst usually has natural ice cracks or white cloud impurities.
Amethyst with gem value is produced in volcanic rocks, pegmatites or crystal caves of limestone and shale. Amethyst is widely distributed in nature, mainly produced in Brazil, Russia, South Africa and Madagascar. The largest and most perfect faceted amethyst in the world, with the size of 7 1.5mm×58.5mm×46.3mm, is cut into faceted water droplets. Weight 1030 carat, Sri Lanka origin, deep purple with pink tone, rich in color saturation. Standard cutting and grinding ratio, extremely pure inside. This gem is by far the largest and most perfect faceted amethyst in the world and a rare crystal in the world.
Moonstone
The so-called "moonstone" is actually the "moonstone" in gemology (called "cryolite" in mineralogy). Moonstone belongs to a subgroup of potash feldspar in feldspar, and orthoclase and albite are layered alternately, with orthoclase as the main one.
Moonstone is also called "lover's stone" because it has a "moonlight effect"-a faint blue or bright white halo appears in the center of the gem, so it is called Moonstone. Moonstone has been one of people's favorite gems for centuries. It is believed that it can awaken the gentle enthusiasm of the sweetheart and attract romantic love as beautiful as moonlight.