I liked reading very much when I was young. The family is poor and can't get books to read. They often borrow books from book collectors, copy them by hand, and return them on time after calculating the date. Winter is very cold, the ink in the inkstone is frozen, fingers can't bend and straighten, and reading doesn't relax. After copying, he immediately ran to return the book, not daring to exceed the agreed time limit slightly. So many people are willing to lend me books that I can read all the books. As an adult, I admire the theory of ancient sages more, but I can't communicate with knowledgeable teachers and celebrities. Once I rushed hundreds of miles away, holding the scriptures and asking the elders with moral knowledge in the village. His predecessors were highly respected and his disciples crowded his room. His words and attitude have never been euphemistic. I stood beside him, asking questions, asking truth, bending down and listening respectfully; Sometimes, when he is reprimanded loudly, his expression is more respectful and his manners are more thoughtful, and he dare not say a rebuttal; He was happy and went to consult again. So although I was stupid, I finally learned a lot.

Go out for advice, carry a book box, drag shoes, and walk in the deep mountains and valleys. In the middle of winter, the cold wind blows hard and the snow is several feet deep. I don't know. The skin on my feet is cracked with cold. Back to the hostel, my limbs were stiff and I couldn't move. The waiter gave me a hot bath and wrapped me in a quilt, which took me a long time to warm up. Staying in a hotel, the innkeeper has two meals a day, and there is nothing fresh, fat and delicious to enjoy. Roommates are wearing gorgeous clothes, hats decorated with red hair bands and jewels, white jade rings hanging around their waists, treasure knives on the left and sachets on the right, which are bright and dazzling, just like immortals; I am in rags among them, but I am not jealous. Because there are enough happy things in my heart, I don't feel that the enjoyment of food and clothing is not as good as others. I just study hard. Although I am old now, I have achieved nothing, but fortunately, I am still among the gentlemen, bearing the honor of the son of heaven, following the emperor every day, waiting for inquiries, and praising my name inappropriately under the sun, not to mention anyone who can surpass me.

Now students are studying in imperial academy, and the court provides meals every day. Parents give them leather clothes in winter and kudzu clothes in summer, so don't worry about freezing and hunger. Sitting downstairs reading poetry books, there is no hard work; There are teachers like doctors, who ask for advice without asking themselves and get nothing; All the books you should have are concentrated here. You don't have to copy them by hand like me. You can borrow them from others before you can see them. If some of them are not proficient in their studies and their moral quality has not developed, if they are not talented and have low qualifications, they will not be as single-minded as I am. Can you say it's someone else's fault?

Dongyang Ma studied in imperial academy for two years, and his peers praised his virtue. When I went to the capital to see the emperor, Ma Sheng greeted me as a younger compatriot and wrote a long letter as a gift. He is fluent and approachable, arguing with him with gentle words and humble attitude. He himself said that he was very diligent and hard-working when he was a teenager, and he can be called a good learner! He was going home to meet his parents, so I specifically told him about my study difficulties. If I encourage fellow villagers to study hard, that is my ambition; You denigrate me and boast that I am lucky and proud in front of my fellow villagers. Are you someone who knows me?

To annotate ...

Dongyang: It is now Dongyang City, Zhejiang Province. At that time, it belonged to Jinhua House with Qianxi. Ma Sheng: Tai's student's surname is Ma, which is Ma Junze in the article. Foreword: Stylistic names include book foreword and gift foreword. This article is a preface to the gift.

Y: Me. Shi: I like reading.

To: I see.

Borrow: borrow.

Fu's laziness: that is, "Fu's laziness", he does not slack off and does not relax his studies. Christopher, no. It refers to copying books.

Go: run, here means "hurry up".

Overdue: beyond the agreed time limit.

Yes, here we are. Crown raising: When an ancient man reached the age of 20, he held a crown raising ceremony to show his manhood.

The way of sage: refers to the way of Confucius and Mencius. Song Lian is a neo-Confucian, advocating benevolence, righteousness and morality, so he is highly respected.

Master: A knowledgeable teacher. Travel: making friends.

Taste: Zeng.

Trend: Take a brisk walk.

Pioneer in hometown: a famous local elder with moral knowledge. This refers to ancient writers such as Liu Guan from Pujiang and Huang Cheng from Yiwu. Inquire about the scriptures: bring the scriptures for consultation.

Lower your tone slightly: speak your words gently and face them gently. Words, words and faces.

Help doubt: ask questions and ask the truth.

Scold (idiot) (DuDu Du No): reprimand, reprimand.

As soon as possible: wait. Xin(xρn): same as Xin.

Pawn: Finally.

Qi è: The box. Drag (yè xǐ): slippers.

Poor winter: severe winter.

Jūn: Because of cold and dryness, the skin is cracked.

Stiff: Stiff.

The woman who married him. This refers to the maid. Tang nest irrigation: refers to drinking or soaking in hot water. Soup: Hot water. Officer: water and washing.

Quilt (qρn): Quilt.

Reverse tourism: hotels.

Eat again daily: two meals a day.

(pρ) Qi embroidery: wearing gorgeous satin clothes. Being is the same as "wearing". Qi, patterned silk.

Zhu Yingbao ornaments: Red tassels are dotted with beads and other ornaments.

White jade ring around the waist: a white jade ring is hung around the waist.

Smelly: sachet. Smell: smell, here refers to aroma.

Leaf (page y) naturally: it illuminates people.

Yùn: A robe made of coarse linen. My clothes: rags.

Mao is old: old. People in their eighties and nineties are called Yao. Song Lian is sixty-nine years old at this time.

Fortunately, I was lucky enough to attend. A gentleman refers to a scholar with moral knowledge, and another translation refers to a person with an official position.

Affix: This means "follow".

Misreporting: improper praise. This is the author's modest words.

Student: It means there are too many students. Imperial academy: A school established by the central government in the Ming Dynasty to educate scholars, called imperial academy or imperial academy.

County magistrate: This refers to the imperial court.

Lǐn ǐ: At that time, the grain provided by the government for free was called grain.

Qiu (qiú): Leather clothes. G: summer clothes.

Legacy (wèi): Gift, here refers to assistance.

Division and Doctor: Deputy Chief and Professor of imperial academy respectively.

Unborn inferiority complex: If it weren't for low talent.

Generation: peers.

Chao: In ancient times, courtiers appeared before the monarch. When Song Lian wrote this article, he came to Beijing from his hometown and met Zhu Yuanzhang in Nanjing.

Be a countryman: Be a countryman's son. Ye: I want to meet you.

Turn: Turn at the same time and write. Long book: long letter. Wisdom: In ancient times, the younger generation gave gifts when they first worshipped their elders.

Yi: Simple.

See you later: go home and see.

Yu Yu sentence: I think I am encouraging fellow villagers to study hard, which is my original intention.

Strange (dǐ): slander.

Prosperity of fortune: Prosperity of fortune refers to the appreciation and reuse of the emperor.

Fellow townsman: Be proud of fellow townsman.