Its cause is the design improvement movement for decorative arts, furniture, indoor products, architecture, etc. Because the mass production of the industrial revolution has brought down the design level. At that time, mass production and industrialization were in the ascendant, and the arts and crafts movement was intended to resist this trend and rebuild the value of handicrafts. The main members are William Morris, Charles Renee Mackiniosh, C.F.A. Voysey and the Pre-Raphael School. It was introduced to America by Walter Crane and Charles Robert Ashby. The arts and crafts movement was the most important art movement in Britain at the end of 19. And influenced the subsequent development of design history.
Art Nouveau is an art and design style at the peak of popular culture in the early 20th century. At that time, it was simply called modern style, just like it was called rococo style at that time. On the other hand, the mutual gathering of many small-scale groups slightly improved the fashion style of putting on airs at that time and formed the prelude of modernism in the 20th century. These include the German youth style named after the fashion avant-garde journal Jugend; In the Vienna Separatist Movement in Vienna, far-sighted artists and designers broke away from the mainstream salon exhibition (held once a year in Paris) and gathered works of the same style for exhibition. In Italy, the window of a shop in London is a modern design that originated from the arts and crafts movement and returned to the original, named free style. It includes the commercial appearance of Art Nouveau, while retaining the important features of Italy.
The most important feature of this style is energetic, wavy and flowing lines. Elephant is a good side that makes traditional decoration full of vitality, and its expression form grows from plants like Art Nouveau, considering the complete style. This means that it has a scale in architectural style, interior design, furniture and fabric design, utensils and works of art, lamps and other aspects.
The peak of the development of Art Nouveau was the World Expo held in Paris in 1900, and the modern style was successful in all aspects. In the next ten years, the new style was rapidly popularized in the most common mass products, which led to the neglect of the Art Nouveau movement after about 1907.
The word "decorative art" comes from 1925 "International Decorative Art Exhibition" held in Paris, France. It refers to a style that was popular from the 1920s to 1930s during the two world wars. This style is not only reflected in architectural design, but also influenced the design styles of fine arts and applied arts at that time, such as furniture, sculpture, clothing, jewelry and pattern design.
Russian constructivism
In Russia, the breakthrough of cubist painting and sculpture comes from two aspects. The first is marinetti's declaration of futurism in his speeches in Moscow and St. Petersburg. The other part comes from On the Spirit of Art written by Kandinsky. 19 10 was completed in Germany, and 19 12 was translated into Russian. Russian artists thus completed all the preparatory work for entering a completely non-objective world.