2. The bust of Queen Nefertiti (bust of Nefertiti) 19 12. During an archaeological excavation in Egypt, German archaeologist LudwigBorchardt discovered the bust of Queen Nefertiti in the 4th century BC/Kloc-0. He claimed that according to the agreement he reached with the Egyptian government, he could own half of his discovery, and this cultural relic was exhibited in Berlin from 1923. However, according to the newly discovered documents, Pochet deliberately misled the Egyptian government about the ownership of the bust of that year. In order to keep the most precious bust, he asked Egyptian officials to look at the cultural relics in dim light and made an article on the structure of the bust. Egypt's Supreme Council of Antiquities has repeatedly asked Germany to return cultural relics, at least temporarily. Status quo: Germany insists that they have absolute ownership of the bust of Nefertiti, while the curator of the Egyptian Museum in Berlin believes that even short-term rental will cause damage to cultural relics.
Elgin Marble is named after an English aristocrat who smuggled stone carvings from Greece. Thomas Bruce, Lord Elgin VII, was also the ambassador of the Ottoman Empire. Ever since Thomas began to love the ancient stone carvings in the Parthenon, he began to secretly take them down and ship them back to England from 190 1. Lord Elgin claimed that he had special permission from the Ottoman Sultan, and he could move anything in the temple as long as it didn't destroy the walls of the ancient temple. 18 16, the British government bought these stone carvings on the grounds that Lord Elgin "destroyed Athens" despite strong opposition. Since then, it has been kept in the British Museum. Status quo: Greece thinks that the agreement between Lord Elgin and the Ottomans is really suspicious. They claimed that Sudan was bribed and even the occupiers had no right to attack the Parthenon. However, the cries of the Greeks did not receive any attention; The British side insists that the return of stone carvings will not only bring irreparable harm to the cultural relics themselves, but also stimulate other countries to demand the return of cultural relics, thus leading to the loss of collections throughout Europe.
Horton's Venus is not a work of art ... On the contrary, it should be her, a woman named SarahBaartman. An indigenous woman from South Africa today, Sarah was brought to London in 18 10, and then exhibited in European countries, so that greedy people could see her body, while scientists went to study why she was so plump. This kind of ridicule has not disappeared with this 26-year-old life. Until 1985, Sarah's sex organs and brain were still kept in the Museum of Anthropology in Paris, which they claimed was for scientific research. Status quo: Since the early 1980s, South Africans have demanded that Sarah's body be returned to South Africa; Under the pressure of public opinion from all walks of life, the human museum finally withdrew its remains from the booth. 1992, NelsonMandela, then president of South Africa, issued a formal request for the return of the remains, but it took France more than ten years to return the remains. On August 9, 2002, she was finally buried in her native South Africa.
Although there are many relics and treasures in Egypt, many of them have been plundered. Therefore, Egypt had to make every effort to retrieve the looted cultural relics. The value of some cultural relics can be compared with the mummies of pharaohs in ancient Egypt, so Egypt has spent many years trying to restore the mummy of Ramsey I, which is probably stored in American museums. According to people's speculation, maybe around 1860, the mummy was sold to the Canadian Museum by grave robbers and left Egypt. Status: 1999, MichaelCarlosMuseum of Atlanta obtained this mummy, and its identity was confirmed by carbon dating and CT scanning during the Ramesses I period. Based on this confirmation, they sent the mummy back to Egypt, and the mummy is now stored in Luxor Museum.
6. Even if EuphroniosKrater is deliberately avoided, some museums can't get rid of being accused of using informal means to obtain some rare cultural relics, such as Euphronioskrater in Frogny. This 2500-year-old pottery bottle with exquisite and gorgeous patterns, which is used to hold water and wine, was acquired by TheMetropolitanMuseum in 1972 through informal means at the price of 100 USD. The museum was very excited to get this pottery bottle, because the works of ancient pottery painter Euflogny Oss were rare, but they bought it from RobertHecht at such a low price. He was wanted by the Italian government for secretly selling and plundering cultural relics. So just when the curator of the Metropolitan Museum wanted to know where this pottery bottle came from, the museum received a phone call from Italy. It turned out that the pottery bottle was first found outside Rome, and the Italian side demanded to return it. Status: After years of negotiations, the Metropolitan Museum returned the pottery bottle to the Italian government in 2008. In exchange, the museum obtained the right to borrow several cultural relics of the same value for exhibition.
7. Priam's methods are even legendary because they stole some German cultural relics during World War II, but they are indeed victims of losing Priam's treasure. 1837, in Anatolia, German archaeologist HeinrichSchliemann discovered these ancient cultural relics-mostly gold and copper shields and weapons, and named them after Priam. Sheriman smuggled it back to Berlin privately, convinced that the Iliad found evidence of the existence of the famous ancient city of Heriat. But this may be karma. After Soviet soldiers were defeated in Germany in World War II, they took the treasure away from Berlin. They kept this secret until decades later, when these ancient cultural relics appeared on the booth in Moscow. Status: Although Russia signed an agreement to return all stolen cultural relics in Germany in 1990. However, the Russian museum still has no intention of returning it. They said that this treasure will be used to compensate Germany for the damage to former Soviet cities during World War II.
8. Gem Koh-i-NoorDiamond may have wandered between different people and different countries for 5,000 years, because some people think that ancient Mesopotamia had recorded gems as early as 3200 BC. It may have 793 edges and corners at first, but after an unknown jeweler and a few small carvings, it has only 109 edges and corners left. The Egyptian dynasty owned this diamond in the16th century, but something unexpected happened. The diamond was stolen by Iranians, and they lost it in Afghanistan. Then spread to Sikhs, and finally stopped wandering in Britain. Although there is a curse on the diamond-something will happen to the person who owns it, QueenVictoria ignored it. This gem was set in different crowns, and it was not permanently settled until it was set in the crown crowned by Elizabeth, the last queen mother of England. Status: Many people claim the ownership of this gem, even the Taliban, who traced the origin of this gem from ancient Afghanistan to ancient India. Sikhs in India also demanded the return of the gem, because they were the last people to get it before Britain. The British side did not make any comments.
9. geronimo's culture. Could it be the most famous and legendary secret grave robbery organization in the world? Geronimo's descendants hope to find the real answer from this legend, even though skull and bones members of Yale University dug up the remains of Apache warriors and took them to their new paradise campus. Status: HarlynGeronimo has filed lawsuits against Yale University, other skull and bones members and some officials of the US government. Ask them to return at least some of their bodies. A spokesman for Yale University declined to comment, but many experts believe that the bone thief probably stole the wrong cemetery at that time. But it doesn't matter, because bone thieves are also rumored to have the skulls of two other celebrities, PanchoVillage and MartinVanBuren.
10. Iraq wants to know what will cause new disputes over stolen cultural relics? Just visit the National Museum of Iraq. After the fall of Saddam Hussein's regime, more than 65,438+05,000 cultural relics were stolen, including many ancient Mesopotamian jewelry and pottery products. Status quo: The museum reopened in February this year, but Iraqi officials only recovered more than 6,000 lost cultural relics. At present, these recovered cultural relics are placed in a special storage hall of the museum. The Iraqi authorities have been pursuing recovery, recovering the lost cultural relics one by one. They are trying to protect Iraq's precious cultural treasures and prevent cultural relics from being traded on the black market.