Buddhist scriptures divide the relics into two categories: one is the instrument relic, which is the Buddhist scripture mentioned by the Buddha, and the other is the living Buddha relic, which is the solid thing left by the Buddha after cremation.
The latter can be divided into three categories, one is bone relics, white; The second is the meat relic, red; The third is the hair relic, black, bright and unbreakable, which is incomparable to the world jewelry.
Buddhism believes that only by devoutly worshiping Buddha can enlightened people naturally crystallize Buddhist relics, which is very popular.
sarira
(1) Sanskrit s/ari ra and Pali s/ari ra. That is, the meaning of dead bodies and bones. There are still ten miles, Sherrillo, Sriluo. Free translation of body, body, body bone and body. Usually refers to the remains of the Buddha, but it is also called Buddha's bone and Buddha's relic, and later refers to the remains left by burning after the death of a monk. Jin Guangming's Four Sacrifices (March 16, May 4):' Those who offer sacrifices, by abstaining from wisdom and training, are hard-won, and take Futian as the top priority.' The Buddhist relics still placed in the stupa are called stupas; The bottle in which the relics are placed is called the relic bottle; The Dharma Association that supports the Buddhist relics is called the Buddhist relics association.
Sanskrit s/ari ra, or from the verb s/ri (supernatural) to the noun, indicates the body on which it depends; Or use the verb s/r! Change from (destroy), which means easy to destroy. Also in Sanskrit, Dha Tu, the transliteration of Tuodu, is another name for relic. According to the long sutra of Balinese (Suman% Gala-Villasini), the connector (sari^ra) was burned and turned into polished pearls, gold and other powders (dha^tuyo, the plural of Dato); Accordingly, sari^ra refers to a dead body; Dha^tuyo refers to the remains after tea; The former is called the whole body relic, and the latter is called the broken body relic.
Chang 'an's Four Classics, Bodhisattva's Three Immortals Classics, and Beijing King Tianbao Classics also have the theory of whole body relics and broken body relics. Otherwise, it is said that putting all the remains in one tower is called a whole corpse relic; Those who divide the remains in many places are called broken relics. Speaking of the two methods of burial and cremation, which originated from Rigveda in ancient India, the remains buried in the soil are called the whole body relics, and the remains after cremation are called the broken body relics. The merits and demerits of bathing Buddha are divided into two parts: (1) Living Buddha relic, also known as body relic, that is, the remains of Buddha. (2) The relic, also known as the instrument, is the teaching method and discipline left by the Buddha, compared with the relic. There are three (1) bone relics in the 40-point remains of Fayuan Zhulinjuan, which are white. (2) The color of hair relic is black. (3) The meat relic is red.
Generally speaking, the relic is a bone block, so the shape and size are different, and the texture is hard and meticulous; In China, bean-shaped people are called relics. It is said that the Buddha bone is divided into three parts: heaven, dragon king and earth; For example, if Indra got the Buddha tooth relic and returned to heaven for support, the ghost of Ji Jie once took one. In addition to offering sacrifices to the relics, there are also devotees of the relics such as Ananda, Mulian and Sharifutsu. The interest in making stupas during pilgrimage is the same as that of bodhi trees, the throne of King Kong and the footprints of Buddhist scriptures, that is, the original intention of "emphasizing Buddhism" is to achieve Bodhi quickly.
After the Buddha entered nirvana, the deeds of distributing Buddhist relics in the eight countries were recorded in detail in the scriptures. According to "Chang 'an Four Parades", at that time, the last man from Bamala, Bobo (Pakistan), wanted to share the relics, so he set up a tower in his native land to support him, so he prepared four kinds of soldiers to go to the stranded city (Pakistan) and asked the emissaries for the relics. But the corpse king said that the Buddha was destroyed in this country, and domestic scholars had to support themselves, so they refused to share the relics. It also covers Luopo (Baquan)
Akappa)' s Buli people, Ramaga (Ba)' s detention (Bakol! Iya) people, Piliuti country (Bavet! Brahman of hadi^pa), Kapiluo (Bashaya) who released the species, Pishe who left the country (Bavesa Lee) and people who left the car (Licchavi^), and A Gui (Bajiata-Satu), the king of Mojietuo. A) please share the relic. The king who detained the body refused to divide the relic for the same reason. Kings want to take war by force, and the name of incense is Brahman. It's eight relics and eight countries, and all eight countries will be owned by relics and supported by each tower.
There are also many legends about the location of the Eight Pagodas. 1898, the legal person Pip (W.C. Peppe/) excavated an ancient tomb in Pi^pra^va^, the southern border of Nepal, and obtained a large stone cabinet containing two wax stone pots, a wax stone tool, a wax stone basket and several water bottles. Wax stone pots are small and big, and they are full of bone fragments. The small pot is spherical and divided into upper and lower parts. The upper part is a pot cover with a bottle-shaped handle, and the pot cover is engraved with two lines of Brahmi^ inscriptions used in Ashoka's time or before. Content: This is a Buddhist shrine, dedicated by the famous Sakyamuni people, their sisters and wives. From the inscription at this moment, we can know that its bone fragments are one-third of those when the relics were distributed to the eight countries, which can also prove that what Chang agama and others preach is true. The Buddhist bones unearthed in Nepal were given to the King of Siam by the British government, and Wang Fu gave some of them to Ceylon (Sri Lanka), Myanmar and Japan.
After dividing the relic, when he arrived at Ashoka, the king opened seven towers outside Ramaga, took its relic, filled 84,000 treasure baskets and built 84,000 towers. According to Pali Maha^vam! South Africa, China. 17), Ashoka's son mahindra (Bama Xinda) went to Ceylon, and God loved Emperor Xu (Ba! Piya-tissa asked Ashoka for the relic and greeted him with a very grand ceremony. In the master country (Ceylon) written by the eminent monk Fa Xianchuan, there is a fine house of Buddha's teeth in the city. There is the same record in Volume 11 of the Records of the Western Regions of the Tang Dynasty, saying that there is an exquisite Buddha's Tooth Hall on one side of the Sinhala Palace.
In the western regions, offering relics is also very popular. For example, there are Buddhist temples in Luocheng, which exhaust national boundaries. The Records of the Western Regions contains the national records, which were built by the Dragon King and enshrined in the Buddha's flesh and blood relics. On the south bank of the great river in the northwest of the city, there is an old king, Galand, in which a Tathagata parietal bone is enshrined. According to the records of the twelve years in the Western Regions, Xuanzang brought back 150 pieces of Tathagata relics when he returned to China. A monk in the Song Dynasty passed on a scroll, and I Ching brought back 300 relics when he returned to China in the Tang Dynasty.
In our country, there are many records about Buddhist cultural relics because of honesty. For example, thirteen years after the publication of Sanzang Collection, Kang Sanghui went to Jiangdong to meet the prince of Wu and Sun Quan. Wang asked about the efficacy of Buddhism, prayed for three or seven days, and felt relic. The king ordered his soldiers to hit it with a hammer anvil, which impressed him deeply. So he founded Jianchu Temple. There are Hongmingji Volume 17, Fayuan Zhu Lin Volume 38 and Fayuan Volume 40. It also records the miraculous relics and tower-building deeds after Jin, Liu and Song Dynasties. This kind of relic obtained from sincere feelings is different from that of Buddha.
According to Zhulin Volume in the Thirty-eighth Year of Fayuan, the Qiyang Famen Temple, among the nineteen pagodas listed in Volume 15 of Guang Hong Ming Ji, was reopened in the fourth year of Tang Xianqing (659) after the Buddha was destroyed by Emperor Wu of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, and eight pagodas were obtained. The next year, the court issued a letter asking him to come to Dongdouchi for support. In the second year of Longshuo (662), he returned to the palace, and in the fourteenth year of Xian Zongyuan (8 19), he was invited to the palace again. At that time, Han Yu played the "Buddha's bone table", saying that the Buddha was a man who had lost his virtue, and his bones could not enter the palace, so he had to throw himself into the fire and water and exterminate the roots. The emperor was furious and denounced it as Chaozhou thorn.
In Japan, I have long felt the ruins. For example, "A Record of Japan" was published for thirteen years, and Sima Da was equal to the Buddhist relic felt in the fasting meeting, which was presented to the minister Su. The minister tried to hit it with a hammer but it was not bad, and it was not heavy when thrown into the water. In addition, according to the fifty-nine years of the Great Wisdom Sutra, although the support is as small as a mustard seed relic, the merits are boundless. 【 Miscellaneous Agama Volume XXIII, Tathagata Mud Volume II, Buddhist Library Volume VII' Eight Kings Divide Relic Products', Maharaja Sutra Volume X' Ten Dharma Products', Baodian Printed Maharaja Sutra, Wuxiang Net Everbright Maharaja Sutra, Ten Reading Methods Volume VI' Five Hundred Monks Gather Three Tibetan Dharma Products', Xuan Zan of Beijing University of Technology Volume II, and All Disclaims of Light.
(2) Sanskrit s/a ri or s/a rika, Pali s/a ri or sa^lika^. That is Kuzu. Luxury, luxury, luxury transliteration. Also known as robin, parrot bird, heron bird, dew bird, spring robin and mockingbird. "Architectural Charcoal Sutra" Volume II Ashulunpin (I, II, and August 7):' There are birds, famous cranes, peacocks, scones, and white doves on the tree, which are well known and harmonious. "
There are two kinds of birds, (1) religious birds and (2) waterfowl. The former lives in India, Myanmar, Malay Peninsula and other places, with a body length of about 25 cm, an orange mouth, yellow feet and black feathers. At the moment, his flesh is drooping and his head is low, and he can speak human language.
According to Xuan Ying and Yi Yin, Volume 21, Sanskrit sa^ri^ka^ (relic) is a female bird; Sanskrit sa^ra (shero) is a male bird. 【 The Origin of the World Volume VII, Wade Dalagni Volume VII, Amitabha Volume VII, Xuan Ying Sound and Meaning Volume XXII, Huiyuan Sound and Meaning Volume XII 】
(3) Referred to as the relic. That is S/A Riputra, one of the top ten disciples of the Buddha, who is famous for his wisdom first. Its mother looks like a relic bird, so it is named relic, and its son is named relic. [On Great Wisdom, Volume 11]