First, the background and present situation of the development of jewelry industry agglomeration in Guangdong Province
Panyu, Shunde, Guangzhou 1- Guangdong Jewelry Industry Cluster
? As a Millennium commercial port, Guangzhou is a port connecting domestic and foreign countries. In the process of the formation of industrial clusters, there are different opinions on the role that the government should play or the business genes it inherits. However, to some extent, especially after the initial development of industrial clusters, such as Hualin Jade Market in Guangzhou and Daluotang in Panyu, it is essential to promote the formation of clusters with enterprises as the main body through scientific planning and guidance by the government. At present, Huadu modern semi-precious stone processing and commercial gathering center is rising, and the support and promotion of the government has promoted the rapid formation of this gathering.
2. Shenzhen cluster-endogenous comprehensive type.
? The typical example of this type is Shenzhen, which is based on the relatively mature gold, K-gold, platinum jewelry industry and diamond inlaid jewelry industry, with high gold content and large output value, which is easy to form scale effect.
3. Benchmark "Italy" independent type
? Italy is one of the countries with the largest number of small industrial clusters in the world, and is called "the kingdom of small and medium-sized enterprises". According to the evaluation standard of Italian Statistics Bureau, there are 199 industrial clusters in Italy, involving all walks of life and distributed in 15 states, among which there are 4 jewelry industrial clusters. This type originates from the traditional characteristic industrial agglomeration in Italy. It is characterized by a highly concentrated geographical enterprise group, and any behavior directly or indirectly faces the same final market. Sharing value and knowledge has become a cultural environment, and the relationship between them is a complex mixture of competition and cooperation. The key source of competitiveness is honesty, teamwork and cooperation among enterprises, which is the master of industrial cluster development.
Second, Shenzhen diamond industry agglomeration related areas of contact
1, Shenzhen-Endogenous comprehensive type
? The typical example of this type is Shenzhen, which is based on the relatively mature gold, K-gold, platinum jewelry industry and diamond inlaid jewelry industry, with high gold content and large output value, which is easy to form scale effect.
? The jewelry industry in Shenzhen was formed in the early 1980s. Shenzhen starts from 1982; In 2003, there were more than 950 jewelry enterprises in Shenzhen, including 74 processing enterprises, more than 300 jewelry processing and manufacturing enterprises, 237 jewelry wholesale and sales enterprises, 0/00 jewelry raw materials and semi-finished products wholesale and trading enterprises, and 26 jewelry packaging, processing equipment, equipment, accessories and tools. 180 gold jewelry store; 10 gold shop; There are 26 jewelry testing institutions [9]. By the end of 2065438+September 2007, there were more than 5000 registered corporate enterprises in Shenzhen jewelry industry. There are more than 0/5,000 individual industrial and commercial households/KLOC, and there are about 30 large and small jewelry trading wholesale markets. Among them, there are nearly 1 0,000 gold jewelry enterprises, most of which are private enterprises, with an annual output value of 40 billion yuan, more than 200 jewelry brands and about10.5 million employees. The number of jewelry manufacturing in the whole industry is about 654.38+0 billion. The total industrial manufacturing value is about 654.38+050 billion; The wholesale and retail trade volume is about 45 billion; The average annual export value exceeds 1 100 million USD, accounting for 36% of the national jewelry export value. Gold accounts for 90% of the annual turnover of Shanghai Gold Exchange. Diamond consumption accounts for 90% of the annual turnover of Shanghai Diamond Exchange. Platinum consumption accounts for 80%-90% of the annual turnover of Shanghai Platinum Exchange, with a total industrial value of more than 40 billion yuan, accounting for about 70% of the country's total GDP, accounting for 15% of Shenzhen's total GDP. It ranks second among all industries in the city and has become one of the five pillar industries in Shenzhen.
? At the beginning of its formation, Shenzhen's jewelry industry was mainly spawned by the domestic market. It is adjacent to Hong Kong and has more geographical advantages than Panyu and Shunde. Shenzhen's jewelry industry is based on the domestic market, and its development direction is to satisfy domestic consumers, which is completely different from the rootless embarrassment of other jewelry industry bases (resources and markets) in Guangdong.
? The full use of the reform and opening-up policy, the relaxed investment environment, the strong support of the government, convenient logistics and transportation, and the rapid growth of the domestic jewelry market have enabled Shenzhen's jewelry industry to reach about 70% of the national GDP in about 30 years and become the leader of the entire domestic jewelry industry. At present, the system of R&D, design, production, processing, display, testing and sales of raw materials, as well as revitalizing product recovery funds, has been established, and the closed loop of one-stop industrial chain has been improved. At the same time, auxiliary materials, design and packaging, finishing, jewelry equipment, mechanical polishing and other related supporting industrial chains have also begun to take shape and become one of the national gold jewelry processing and trading centers. The value chain of the whole industry is relatively perfect, from raw materials to finished products, from products to relative supporting institutions, showing a certain scale effect, which makes the whole industry mature gradually. Shenzhen's jewelry industry may have one or two advantages in other regions, but at present it is incomparable in any industrial cluster in China, and Shenzhen's advantages cannot be copied. Shenzhen has become a relatively mature jewelry industry cluster in the national jewelry industry.