Diamonds are made up of carbon atoms, and carbon is a nonmetallic element, so diamonds are not metals.

Diamond is a simple crystal composed of carbon, which is formed under high pressure and high temperature in the deep part of the earth. It is a rare and precious non-metallic mineral and occupies an important position in the national economy.

Diamonds are the hardest substance in nature. Because the C-C bond in diamond is very strong, all valence electrons participate in the formation of valence bond, and there are no free electrons, so the hardness of diamond is very high. Graphite can form synthetic diamond at high temperature and high pressure. Diamonds are widely used, such as handicrafts and industrial cutting tools.

Classification and function of diamonds

1. Gemstone-grade diamonds are mainly used as ornaments such as diamond rings, necklaces, earrings, corsage, and special items such as crowns and scepters, as well as original stone collections. According to statistics, diamonds account for about 80% of the total annual jewelry trade in the world.

2. Industrial grade diamonds are widely used. At present, it is mainly used as turning tool, saw blade, wire drawing die, reamer, glass cutter and drilling (embedded in drill bit), while diamond powder is used as advanced grinding material.

3. Synthetic diamond has high hardness and good wear resistance, and can be widely used for cutting, grinding and drilling; Because of its high thermal conductivity and good electrical insulation, it can be used as a heat dissipation plate for semiconductor devices.