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What are the six sacred stones of Buddhism?
I have never heard of the six sacred stones of Buddhism, but I only know the seven treasures of Buddhism.

Refers to seven kinds of treasures, also known as seven treasures. Seven treasures refer to tortoise shell, agate, crystal, coral, amber, pearl and musk. The seven treasures have another meaning, and the seven bodhi points are shown in Table 7. The seven treasures translated by different Confucian classics are different. Kumarajiva's translation of the Amitabha Sutra says that the seven treasures are gold, silver, colored glaze, glass, red beads and Diannao; The seven treasures mentioned in Xuanzang's translation of Ode to Pure Land are gold, silver, dog skin glass, pretty jade, Muroti Gerapo, lohitamuktika and Ashima Gerapo. The seven treasures mentioned in the Prajna Sutra are gold, silver, colored glass, coral, amber, canal and agate; The seven treasures mentioned by Hokkekyo are gold, silver, coloured glaze, canal, agate, pearl and rose; The seven treasures mentioned in Amitabha Sutra are gold, silver, coloured glaze, glass, ditch, red pearl and agate.

Gold and silver

There are "seven treasures" in the Buddhist paradise where Amitabha comes to live in pure land. The first treasure is gold and silver. Gold represents a kind of health. Many bodhisattvas who come home want to cast a golden body, which means "golden body protects against all diseases" and represents the meaning of health and longevity. Silver also represents health and longevity, silver represents the light of Buddha, and newborn children wear silver ornaments.

Gold ornaments appeared a little later than bronze ornaments, in the middle and late Neolithic period three or four thousand years ago. Gold is stable in nature, mostly exists in a free state and is easy to obtain. Because of its beautiful appearance, good machinability and strong ductility, gold was designated as the first choice metal for decorative products as soon as it appeared. At this point, China and foreign countries are the same.

During the archaeological excavations in China, gold foil was unearthed in Yin Ruins, and gold ornaments with true phoenix patterns were unearthed in Shang Dynasty. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Warring States Period and Han Dynasty, gold wares prevailed. At this time, it is mostly owned by royalty and princes, which is difficult for ordinary people to see. It was not until the Sui and Tang Dynasties that folk gold ornaments really became popular.

Silver does not exist in a free state in nature, but in the form of compounds, and the technical requirements for extraction are complicated, so it appears later than gold ornaments. At present, the earliest silver ornaments we can see are about bronze weapons with wrong gold and silver in the Spring and Autumn Period. In fact, this is not a real silver ornament. The vessels made of silver should have started in the Warring States period. However, because the storage of silver in nature is greater than that of gold, once its refining technology is mastered, silverware will be very popular, and because of its price advantage, the number of folk silverware far exceeds that of gold. This is why we can see more ancient silverware at present.

K gold: "K" is a kind of gold ornament marked with 18K platinum or 18KWG, which is used to express the purity (i.e. gold content) of gold internationally. It is a white alloy with 25% palladium or nickel added to gold, which makes it more colorful. Rose gold on the market now is a kind of K gold, and its gold content is G750%. Nowadays, K gold jewelry is marked with multiple standards. Platinum: Platinum is also called platinum, and its English name is platinum, which is generally coded by its abbreviation PT. Platinum is resistant to corrosion and oxidation by strong acid and alkali, and its chemical properties are more stable than that of K platinum. Platinum ornaments are marked with "PT" logo and color. For example, "PT900" refers to the platinum products of jewelry, with a platinum content of 90%; "PT950" refers to the platinum products of this jewelry, with a platinum content of 95%. Marquette: In order to cover up the easy discoloration of silver, another method is to directly sulfide silver so that it will no longer turn yellow and black. Sulfurized silver presents a quaint effect. This method originated in Thailand and is also called "Makasit". 925 silver: 925 silver is the international standard silver for silver jewelry. In fact, the silver content of 925 silver jewelry is not 100%, because 7.5% alloy is added to pure silver, which improves the luster, brightness and hardness of silver. Tibetan silver: Tibetan silver was originally a commercial term. At first, merchants called it white copper or white copper mixed with a small amount of silver, but times have changed. Now businessmen call those alloy products such as tin and aluminum with extremely low prices Tibetan silver or earth silver. It will turn black after a long time, and it will not shine with silver cloth.

amber

Amber: Amber is a fossil of turpentine 40 million years ago, and it is also called the three organic gems with pearls and corals. Only 40 million years ago, turpentine fossils were hard enough to be inlaid into jewelry. There are three schools in Buddhism: abstinence, stability and wisdom. Only when people get rid of the troubles in the world can they improve their concentration. With a certain concentration, they will have a quiet heart-like peace. When people settle down to a certain degree, they will have the ability to judge right and wrong and the way to deal with problems.

Amber is a valuable medicinal material. It is recorded in Li Shizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica that amber can calm the mind and soothe the nerves, calm the five internal organs, and clear the heart and soothe the nerves. Corresponding to Buddhism's "precept, determination and wisdom", practicing with amber can help people to produce determination, which is a blessing for practitioners in Buddhism. Both Buddha and Bodhisattva help people get rid of disasters, and amber is also a gift from Buddha to help people get rid of mental and physical pain. Amber is a gem cultivated for millions of years. Taking amber as one of the seven treasures of Buddhism is also to show that it takes a long time to practice and stand the test before you can gradually realize it.

transparent

Crystal is a rare mineral, a kind of gem, and a kind of timely crystal, which belongs to the timely family in mineralogy. Its main chemical composition is silicon dioxide, and its chemical formula is SiO2. When it is pure, it forms colorless and transparent crystals, and when it contains trace elements such as aluminum and iron, it is purple, yellow and brown. After irradiation, trace elements form different types of color centers and produce different colors, such as purple, yellow, brown and pink. Inclusion crystals containing associated inclusion minerals, such as frosted crystals and green ghosts, include rutile, tourmaline, actinolite, mica and chlorite.

Crystal is a timely crystal mineral. Its main chemical composition is silicon dioxide, and its chemical formula is SiO2. Western countries think that everything that is transparent is crystal, so the word crystal includes colorless transparent glass (K9, ordinary glass is blue) and rock crystal ore. The ancient crystal names in China include water mirror, aquamarine, aquamarine, crystal, etc., which were purified at the "Hehan Sancai Conference". Therefore, in order to facilitate the distinction, Rockcrystal is usually referred to as (rock crystal) in the world. The well-developed single crystal is a hexagonal cone, so it is usually a block or granular aggregate, which is generally colorless, gray and milky white. When it contains other mineral elements, it is purplish red, smoky red, brown and so on.

When it comes to crystal, people will naturally think of its energy. The energy of crystal can purify people's body and mind. For those who worship Buddha, crystal is really an ideal instrument for self-cultivation and cultivation. Let's briefly introduce crystals and Buddhism.

Buddhism has an indissoluble bond with crystal. There are three treasures in Buddhism: Buddha, Dharma and Monk. Buddhism has seven treasures: gold, silver, amber, coral, dragonfly, coloured glaze and agate. Although different Buddhist scriptures have slightly different records of the seven treasures of Buddhism, the crystal is always in it. Buddha said, "If you get three treasures, you will be happy, and if you get seven treasures, you will be safe." At the same time, Buddhism has ten dharma circles. The ten dharma realms of "hell, hungry ghost, beast, shura, earth and heaven" actually refer to six personality deviations of human beings, and "hearing, feeling, bodhisattva and Buddha" are four progressive life realms with positive energy. Deviation can be related to the "seven wheels" of the human body (undersea wheel, reproductive wheel, sun gear, heart wheel, throat wheel, eyebrow wheel and crown wheel) through the mysterious forces of crystal, such as piezoelectricity, 8 million oscillations and focusing refraction per second, data storage, information transmission, energy conversion and energy expansion. Accordingly, it can be adjusted by balancing the body's endocrine and strengthening the activity of brain cells, and a positive life realm can also help the pursuer through the natural energy of crystal.

tridacna

Trionyx sinensis is the largest deep-sea shellfish, with a body length of about1m. Its shell is thick, its inner shell is white and smooth, and its outer shell is yellowish brown. The essence of its tail is cutting and grinding, which can be used as beads and decorative gems. Trionyx sinensis is the largest bivalve, with a maximum shell length of 1.8m and a weight of 500kg. Shells can be used as a bath basin for babies. Hard shells can be used to make all kinds of utensils, and meat can be eaten.

In traditional Chinese medicine, the tail of soft-shelled turtle was once considered to have the same curative effect as pearl, because its trace elements, chitin and amino acids have the functions of health care, promoting body metabolism, anti-aging and preventing osteoporosis, and grinding or powder is often something people like.

In Buddhism, the so-called tortoise shell refers to dark blue or purple ore or jade, which represents a kind of treasure in stone, and is not an object to kill and shell for rosary or to support Buddha and Bodhisattva. He is deeply loved by many masters and believers. Colorful hand beads can not only be used for decoration, but also be worn on the body to ward off evil spirits and keep safe. Masters often wear and recite spells with more than 27 beads to 108 beads.

Sanskrit seeks to land on Gerapo. Volume 2 (end) of Beijing Daily Xuan Zan said:' There are clouds in the car canal, showing my grandmother, alternating with blue and white.' Tortoise shell is a high-level sacred object of Tibetan Buddhism.

Red beads

That is, lohitamuktika, what you see is generally red coral beads. "Great Wisdom" (Volume 10) says:' True pearls are born in the belly of fish, bamboo and snake brain.' There is a cloud in "On the Buddhist Canon":' The name of the red worm is lohitamuktika, or the pearl is red, and it is called lohitamuktika.' True pearls are generally thin and gray, and red pearls refer to pearls with reddish color. Pure red pearls are extremely rare. Red coral beads are usually used instead of red beads.

agate

Agate is in the east and is known as one of the seven treasures of Buddhism. According to records, agate is called "agate" because its original stone shape is similar to that of horse brain. There are records of agate deeds in both the Old Testament and Buddhist classics. Agate is regarded as a gem or handicraft because of its rich color and aesthetic feeling.

malachite

The English name Malachite comes from the Greek Mallache, which means "green". Malachite has such a beautiful name because its color is similar to the green spots on peacock feathers. In ancient China, malachite was called "green", "stone green" or "blue". Malachite is an ancient jade material.

Malachite has such a beautiful name because its color is similar to the green spots on peacock feathers. Malachite occurs in the oxidation zone of copper sulfide deposits and often coexists with other copper-bearing minerals (azurite, chalcopyrite, native copper, etc.). ). The world-famous producing areas are Zambia, Australia, Namibia, Russia, Zaire, the United States and other regions. China is mainly produced in Yangchun, Guangdong, Daye, Hubei and Northwest Jiangxi. Malachite, a fragile but beautiful stone, means "happy wife". Green is the most active and intense green. Green malachite, although not as shiny as jewelry, has a unique elegant temperament.

Species and evaluation of malachite. The varieties of malachite are common malachite, malachite gem, malachite opal and malachite. Malachite gem is a very rare malachite crystal. Malachite is used as ornamental stone and craft appreciation, which requires bright colors, pure and uniform colors, clear ribbons, dense blocks and no holes, and the bigger the better. Malachite opal needs a positive background color and a clear light band. Malachite can be used to carve chicken heart pendants, egg-shaped rings, necklaces and seal materials.

Maintenance of malachite. Malachite is not durable and has low hardness, so it can't keep good luster for a long time. Only used as beads and brooches. Russians use malachite as the interior decoration material of buildings, and the pillars of St. Isaac's Cathedral in Leningrad are inlaid with malachite. Malachite is also used to carve various worship objects and decorations, fireplace and desktop inlay.

turquoise

It is an ancient jade, which can be traced back to the Persian kingdom in the 3rd century, and it is also regarded as an important instrument by Buddhism prevailing in Asia. Most of the turquoise ornaments we see today are inlaid with silver, and their styles still retain the exotic customs of the Middle East and the mysterious colors of Tibetan Buddhism. The most famous turquoise producing area in the world is Iran. The turquoise in China is mainly produced at the junction of Hubei, Henan and Shaanxi, and the most famous is the bare slash pine mine. The tone of turquoise is mainly blue-green. High-grade turquoise, that is, turquoise for jewelry, requires sky blue standard and uniform color. Followed by dark blue, blue-green and light gray blue.

American Indians believe that turquoise is the spirit of the sea and blue sky, which will bring good luck to the expedition. It is considered as a stone of success and luck and a symbol of divine power. Many ethnic minorities in the world regard it as a gift from God.

When wearing turquoise jewelry, it is best to keep a distance from cosmetics, perfume and other items to avoid damaging the gem jewelry. Because turquoise is porous, we should pay attention to avoid using heavy liquid to measure density, because tribromomethane and diiodomethane will discolor turquoise. Turquoise is delicate in color and afraid of pollution. Contact with tea, soapy water, oil stain, rust and alcohol should be avoided to prevent it from changing color after infiltrating into the gem along the pores. Turquoise is afraid of high temperature, so it can't be baked directly and exposed to direct sunlight to avoid fading, cracking and drying. Turquoise is hard and brittle, so don't bump against other hard objects, and pay attention when wearing it.

Moonstone

Also known as moonstone and moonstone, the chemical formula (potassium aluminum silicate) is the most valuable gem with optical effect. Colorless or milky white, high-quality people are often translucent, with a light blue halo, like hazy moonlight, which is a gem of feldspar. In ancient times, people in many countries in the world thought that wearing moonstone could bring good luck, awaken lovers' tenderness, give people strength and look forward to a bright future. In modern times, many countries regard the moonstone as the "birthstone of June" together with pearls and metamorphic rocks, symbolizing health, wealth and longevity. The processing value of rough and poorly polished moonstone is greatly reduced. Pay attention to the best optical effect when wearing moonstone.

pearl

Pearl is formed by wrapping foreign bodies with colloidal calcium carbonate compounds secreted by pearl oyster. The big round ones are the most expensive, and they are usually made into bead necklaces.

Pearl and Hepu ecological pearl are organic gems and have been regarded as rare treasures since ancient times. According to the research of geology and archaeology, there were pearls on the earth 200 million years ago. China is one of the first countries to use pearls in the world. As early as more than 4,000 years ago, it was recorded in Shang Yu Shu Gong that mussels could produce pearls, and there were also records of pearls in The Book of Songs, The Classic of Mountains and Seas, Erya and Zhouyi. Pearls are divided into natural pearls and cultured pearls according to their causes. Natural pearls mainly refer to pearls naturally formed in shellfish and mussels. Traditionally, pearls are divided into three types: seawater pearls, freshwater pearls and artificial pearls. Freshwater pearls refer to pearls produced in rivers. China's natural freshwater pearls are mainly produced in lakes in the south of China, and Zhuji, Zhejiang is a famous pearl town. There are five kinds of pearls: white, red, yellow, black and variegated, and most of them are opaque. In ancient times, people called natural round pearls walking beads. Pearl, agate, crystal and jade are also known as the ancient traditional "Four Treasures of the Study" in China. Now, pearls in Tang Wei are the most famous.

supplement

In different versions of the same scripture translated in different historical periods, the seven treasures are also different. Take the classic of infinite life as an example. The seven treasures in the Chinese version are gold, silver, colored glaze, crystal, dragonfly (also called car song), coral and amber.

The seven treasures contained in the edition of Cao Wei period are purple gold, silver, coloured glaze, crystal, coral and amber.

The seven treasures of the Tang Dynasty are gold, silver, coloured glaze, pear, beautiful jade, red pearl and amber.

The seven treasures of Song Dynasty are gold, silver, glass, pear, pearl and amber.

The seven treasures mentioned in Xuanzang's translation of Ode to the Pure Land are gold, silver, coloured glaze, beautiful jade, Muroti Jiela, lohitamuktika and Ashima Jiela.

The seven treasures of Tibetan Buddhism are chalcedony, beeswax, canals, pearls, corals and gold and silver, which are collectively called "the seven treasures of the West". So there are more than ten kinds of things that can be used as seven treasures.

There are three treasures in Buddhism: Buddha, Dharma and Monk. Buddhism has seven treasures: gold, silver, amber, coral, dragonfly, coloured glaze, agate and chalcedony. Get three treasures and the country, get seven treasures and the people are safe.