Old Town of Lijiang's first poem.
Welcome speech 1 min
There is a song called "Go home often", and there is a desire to go out and have a look. To put it bluntly, it is tourism. Hello, tourist friends, nice to meet you here. First of all, please allow me to sincerely welcome you on behalf of our Good Time Travel Agency. First, let me introduce myself. My surname is Wang. Please call me Xiao Wang. This one on my right rear is just the most diligent one on this trip. Our driver, Li Shifu, has ten years' driving experience, so everyone can ride in his car with confidence. In the next trip to Yunnan, Li Shifu and I will serve you wholeheartedly. Because of fate, we are together. If you have any difficulties or problems during your trip, please ask them in time, and I will answer them for you in time. May my company make our journey smoother and happier.
Introduction Section 65438 +0 minutes
Yunnan, referred to as Yun for short, is the capital of Kunming, located in the southwest border of China, and is one of the important birthplaces of human civilization. Yuanmou, who lived 6.5438+0.7 million years ago, was the earliest human being discovered in China and Asia until 2065.438+03. During the Warring States period, this was the place where Yunnan tribes lived. Yunnan is? Colorful Yunnan in southern Cai Yun? Another way of saying this is because it is located? South of Yunling? Named after this. It covers an area of 390,000 square kilometers, accounting for 4. 1 1% of the national area, ranking eighth among provincial administrative regions in China. The total population is 45.96 million (20 10), accounting for 3.35% of the national population, ranking 12. It governs 8 cities and 8 ethnic autonomous prefectures. Adjacent to Yunnan Province are Sichuan, Guizhou, Guangxi and Tibet. Yunnan's three neighboring countries are Myanmar, Laos and Vietnam. The Tropic of Cancer runs through the south of the province.
Excess 1 min
Old Town of Lijiang lay before us. Old Town of Lijiang's streets are surrounded by mountains and waters, paved with red breccia, with Sifang Street, Shogunate and Wufeng Tower.
Lijiang is one of the second batch of famous historical and cultural cities in China, and also one of the two ancient cities in China that have successfully declared the world cultural heritage as an ancient city as a whole.
Old Town of Lijiang has rich and colorful local ethnic customs and entertainment activities, such as Naxi ancient music, Dongba ceremony, divination culture, ancient town bar and Naxi Torch Festival. Old Town of Lijiang embodies the achievements of ancient urban construction in China, and it is one of the types with distinctive features and unique style in China.
Building layout 1 min
Old Town of Lijiang has not been influenced by the copy of the Central Plains, with nine miles in the square, three gates on the side, nine wells and nine fairs in junior high school, and Jiugui Liquor in Jingtu. There is no road network or tight fence in the city. In the layout of the ancient city, three mountains are screens and one river is connected. There are three rivers running through the city, and every household has tap water; The layout of the street and the setting of meridians have a curved, secluded, narrow and vivid style. The pattern of Old Town of Lijiang is spontaneously formed, with northwest facing southeast. Old Town of Lijiang, with water as the core, presents a unique spatial layout of water lanes due to the flexible use of water. Dense bridges are the greatest feature of Old Town of Lijiang. In terms of external modeling and structure, the ancient city houses have integrated the skills of Central Plains architecture and Tibetan and Bai architecture, and formed architectural techniques such as stone walls, overlapping roofs, small blue tiles and wooden frames, and formed a unique style in architectural layout and architectural artistic techniques. Most of the dwellings are civil structures, and the common forms are: three squares and one wall, four entrances and five patios, front and rear courtyards, one entrance and two courtyards, etc.
Mufu part 1 min
Although Mutus's official residence is king, it was built in a corner of the south of the city, which is contrary to the tradition of "centering". As the center of the city, it is the square street where merchants gather, and the criss-crossing streets radiate in all directions from the commercial center of square street.
It can be seen that the ancient city was originally formed in the rural market and eventually prospered due to commercial trade. This is closely related to the history of the ancient city as an important town of the ancient tea-horse road for thousands of years.
The palace-style architecture of wooden toast has become spectacular in the Ming Dynasty. Xu Xiake, a traveler and geographer in the Ming Dynasty, once marveled that "the beauty in the palace means king" in Diary of a Journey to Yunnan. In the Ming Dynasty, there were more than 1000 residents in the ancient city, and the residential buildings were also quite large. Xu Xiake once described Old Town of Lijiang as a "residential community with rows of tile houses", which shows the prosperity of residential buildings.
Sifang Street Section 1 min
Sifang street is a snack street in the ancient city. There are dozens of small restaurants on both sides of the street. Every restaurant has all kinds of rice noodles unique to Yunnan, so this street is also called Lijiang Rice Noodle Street. Sifang Street in the center of Old Town of Lijiang is said to have been built by Mu Tusi in Ming Dynasty according to the seal shape. This is the most important hub station on the ancient tea-horse road. Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, merchants from all directions have gathered here, where the cultures of all ethnic groups meet and live. It is the economic and cultural exchange center of Lijiang.
Fang Guoyu's former residence 1 min
Fang Guoyu's former residence is located at Nanjing Road 10. 7 1 No.72 Wuyi Street consists of a courtyard with two corners, four main courtyards, two small courtyards with three squares and one wall, and a back garden. Covering an area of 1.98 temple, with a total construction area of 1.473.2 square meters, it is the best-preserved and largest typical courtyard in Old Town of Lijiang, and has been listed as a key protected residential building and cultural relic protection unit in Old Town of Lijiang. In 2002, the ancient city protection administration opened it as the former residence of Fang Guoyu, and in September 2009 it was listed as a patriotic education base in Yunnan Province. There is a plaque hanging at the front entrance of the former residence, which was built in the 10th year of Guangxu (1884).
1 min
Fusaiji, located in Puji Mountain, 6 kilometers northwest of Old Town of Lijiang, was founded in the 36th year of Qingganlong (177 1). It is one of the five largest Lama temples in the suburbs of Lijiang, and is famous for its bronze tile hall. The courtyard of the main hall consists of the mountain gate, the pagoda (gatehouse), the main hall and the north and south wing rooms. The main hall is rectangular in plane, initially covered with tiles. The living Buddha went to the southwest to give lectures and raise funds. 1936, covered with copper tiles, with an area of 46.4 square meters. 1988 is listed as a provincial cultural relics protection unit. In the courtyard of the main hall, there are two cherry trees in Yunnan, which were planted by 177 1 and are the best in Yunnan.
Farewell message 1 min
Life is like a trip, you don't have to care about the destination, what you care about is the scenery along the way and the mood of watching it. Time flies, our trip to Chengde is coming to an end, and Xiao Wang is going to say goodbye to everyone. He is inevitably a little sad, but all good things must come to an end. Goodbye is inevitable, but goodbye is also to meet again. Thank you for your support and understanding of my work during the trip. I hope you can make valuable suggestions on the shortcomings, and I will definitely correct them immediately. Acquaintance is fate, and traveling in the same car is fate. I wish you good health, all the best and a wealth of money. Finally, I wish you all the best on your way home and have a safe trip. I hope you can go home with Xiao Wang's blessing, have a good sleep and have a good dream. I look forward to seeing you again!
Old Town of Lijiang's tour guide II
? Colorful Yunnan, dreamy Lijiang! ? Dear friends, welcome to Old Town of Lijiang for sightseeing. Only two ancient cities in China were listed on the World Cultural Heritage List by UNESCO in the same year (1997). One of their two brothers is in the north and the other is in the south. Pingyao Ancient City is in the north and Old Town of Lijiang is in the south. 20 1 1, Old Town of Lijiang scenic spot was rated as the national AAAAA tourist scenic spot.
Dear tourists and friends, Old Town of Lijiang enjoys an excellent geographical position. The ancient city is located in the ancient city of Lijiang City, Yunnan Province, in the middle of Lijiang Dam, with an urban area of 2 square kilometers. Old Town of Lijiang is bordered by Jinhongshan in the north and Lion Mountain in the west. There are thousands of hectares of fertile land in the southeast, and the terrain is high in the north and low in the south. Such a geographical location can block the cold current in the northwest in winter and bring warm wind from the southeast in summer, so Old Town of Lijiang is warm in winter and cool in summer. It can be seen that the location of the ancient city is very scientific, and we have to admire the wisdom of the ancients at that time.
Dear friends, Old Town of Lijiang has a long history. Old Town of Lijiang was founded in the Northern Song Dynasty and has a history of nearly 800 years. This ancient city was built by Naxi ancestors at that time. At present, it is the only ancient city in China built by ethnic minorities, and it is also the only ancient city without walls. Looking around China, most ancient buildings will be surrounded by high horsehead walls, so why not build walls in Old Town of Lijiang? One of the most popular sayings is that the Naxi leader who built Old Town of Lijiang at that time was surnamed Mu. You can think it over. What if? Wood? A wall built around words will become a wall? Sleepy? Where are the words? So there is no wall here! After the completion of the ancient city, Naxi people called it? Gong Benzhi? , of which? Miyamoto? It means granary. This? Do you know? Translated into Chinese, it is called the market, so Old Town of Lijiang is a place where granaries are distributed.
My friends, Old Town of Lijiang is rich in tourism resources. Old Town of Lijiang is currently composed of Dayan, Baisha and Donghe. Dayan Ancient City is one of the most distinctive ancient cities in Lijiang, located in the center of Lijiang Basin. In the southwest corner of Lijiang basin, there stands a pen peak, which looks like a huge pen. The basin at this time is like a big inkstone, because in this ancient time? Research? And then what? Inkstone? General, so people call the ancient city Dayan ancient city. Old Town of Lijiang is also a famous water city. Why do you say that? That's because Lijiang has three rivers, Xihe, Zhonghe and Donghe, which are divided into numerous tributaries in Old Town of Lijiang. So we can enjoy it here? Bridges, running water, people? The characteristics of Jiangnan water town, every household is on the move, and every household is looking down on youth? Spring city scenery. It is said that seeing is believing, so please come with me to enjoy this ancient city!
Dear tourists and friends, have you said it? There is the Forbidden City in the north and the shogunate in the south? Is our place famous locally? The Forbidden City? Mufu is gone. This shogunate was built in the Yuan Dynasty and is now a museum in Old Town of Lijiang. It is an east-west building with a total area of about 30,666 square meters, and there are about 100 rooms in it. Among them are our wanjuan building, the house of representatives and so on. Through the door? Mufu? As can be seen from the plaque, the owner of this wooden house is the residence of a family named Mu. People call him Master Mu, who was the toast of Naxi people at that time. ? Toast? This is not the bread we eat. It was an official post established by the Yuan Dynasty, which was mainly awarded to the leaders of ethnic minorities in the northwest and southwest regions, so this Mu Tusi refers to the Naxi leaders at that time. So when Naxi people talk about it? Master Mu? Come on, just like we mentioned our ancestors.
Dear friends, the ancients once said? Nothing but reading. ? We are now in the Wanjuan Building of the Shogunate. As the name implies, this wanjuan building is a place without books. There are thousands of books here, and the books are piled up. Wanjuanlou has three floors, one is mainly used for reading, the other is used for collecting books, and the third is used for writing books. At that time, Naxi toast strongly advocated people to read books. When the country is in danger, Naxi men will fight bravely with the chieftain on the battlefield, and they will usually learn piano, chess, calligraphy and painting, so many people are both civil and military. This excellent tradition has been passed down to this day. According to statistics, intellectuals above junior high school account for 1% of the total number, from which we can see the Excellence of Naxi nationality.
Dear friends, we are now in the center of Old Town of Lijiang-Sifang Street. If the Lijiang River is compared to Beijing and Sifang Street is Tiananmen Square in Beijing, then this Sifang Street refers to Little Square now. Sifang Street is located in the center of Old Town of Lijiang with a total area of about 4,000 square meters. So what exactly does this quartet mean? This name was given by our wood master. Does it have one? All the truth? The meaning of. Of course, Sifang Street was once the most important hub station on the ancient tea-horse road and the center of Lijiang's economic and cultural exchanges. Since ancient times, people from all directions have come here to trade goods. Now it has become a snack street in the ancient city. There are more than a dozen small restaurants on both sides of this street. Every restaurant has all kinds of rice noodles unique to Yunnan, so this street is also called? Lijiang rice noodle street? . Then please enjoy it!
Old Town of Lijiang's tour guide's three words
Hello, dear tourists and friends! Welcome to Old Town of Lijiang. I am your tour guide on this trip.
Today we are going to visit Old Town of Lijiang. Two ancient cities in China have been listed on the World Cultural Heritage List by UNESCO. Located in the south and the north respectively, each has its own characteristics. Pingyao Ancient City in Shanxi is in the north, and Old Town of Lijiang in Yunnan is in the south. Old Town of Lijiang consists of three relatively independent urban construction units: Dayan, Baisha and Shuhe. Dayan Ancient City is their concentrated representative, so people often call Dayan Ancient City Old Town of Lijiang. Geographically speaking, Dayan Ancient City in Lijiang is a well-known ancient city of minority plateau at home and abroad.
Dayan ancient city
Dayan Ancient City is located in the center of Lijiang Basin. Look at Wenbi Peak in the southwest corner of the basin, just like a giant pen in the sky. Lijiang basin is like a big inkstone made of jasper. In ancient times? Research? And then what? Inkstone? This ancient city is called Dayan. No wonder people say that Lijiang's cultural prosperity is due to its beautiful Zhong Ling and outstanding people.
The ancient city was formed in the late Song Dynasty and early Yuan Dynasty. Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it has been the commercial center of northwest Yunnan and the important town of the ancient tea-horse road connecting Yunnan, Sichuan and Tibet. It has a history of over 800 years. The ancient city covers an area of 3.8 square kilometers, with an altitude of about 2400 meters. There are more than 6,200 households with a permanent population of more than 25,000, of which the Naxi population accounts for about 67%. Old Town of Lijiang 1986 was declared as a national historical and cultural city by the State Council on February 8th, and 1997 was listed as a world cultural heritage by UNESCO on February 4th.
Ancient city site selection
Old Town of Lijiang and Suzhou ancient city have the same characteristics? Small bridge and flowing water? In addition to its characteristics, it is also unique in the site selection of the ancient city, street layout and Naxi folk houses. The ancient city faces Jinhong Mountain in the north, Lion Mountain in the west, fertile land in the southeast, and the terrain is high in the north and low in the south. This location blocks the northwest cold current in winter and sends warm air to the southeast in summer, making the ancient city warm in winter and cool in summer, and the climate is comfortable and pleasant. The Yu He River around us provides clean and sufficient water for this ancient city. It can be said that the positioning of the ancient city is very scientific.
Waterwheel? Watch the wall? Shuilongzhu
The waterwheel in front of us is said to be a children's waterwheel, and some people say it is a lover's waterwheel. There used to be waterwheels in the ancient city, but they are still used in some remote places today. It can be used to grind rice and flour. If people live in high places or the fields to be irrigated are in high places, but water flows in low places, it can also be used to lift water.
Next to the waterwheel is a photo wall with an inscription by President Jiang Zemin. There are three-bedroom and one-hall zhaobi dwellings in the ancient city, and the zhaobi is like this. On the right side of the wall is a drain. The dragon is in charge of water. Civil buildings in the ancient city are most afraid of fire, but water can overcome fire. Therefore, this water dragon column was set up to express the people's desire to avoid fire. For thousands of years, the people of the ancient city have loved the ancient city as their own eyes. Please love the ancient city as much as the people of the ancient city, and don't throw cigarette butts and garbage.
Ancient city distribution
The layout of streets and houses in the ancient city can be said to be based on water and follow the trend. At the foot of Xiangshan Mountain, the Black Dragon Pool spring water flows out of the thousand-meter-long Yu He River, where it is divided into Xihe River, Zhonghe River and Donghe River. In the ancient city, it is divided into more tributaries, which pass through the streets and alleys, enter the hospital through walls, and flow all over the city, making Old Town of Lijiang rich in the aesthetic taste of people with small bridges and flowing water. The streets, houses, water and mountains in the ancient city stretch naturally, which is quite different from the square chessboard layout of many ancient cities in China. Harmony between man and nature? The beauty of the garden. The layout with water as the pulse also tells us that if a friend gets lost in the ancient city, he can walk out of the ancient city and walk to the entrance as long as he goes upstream. Please follow me into the ancient city along Xinhua Street on the west bank!
Wuhuashi neighborhood
Some friends may have noticed the paving stone under our feet, which is called Wuhua Stone. The ancient city is paved with this beautiful gravel slab, which has been quite smooth after thousands of years of stepping and grinding. Such a street is dry and dusty, and it is not muddy when it rains. If you enter the ancient city after a shower, the streets will be washed clean by the rain, just like a colorful one? Huadao? Stretching out into the distance is simply beautiful. This five-flower stone is a kind of granite, and all ancient cities are paved with this stone. No wonder Japanese guests said: You Lijiang people are really rich! ?
Guangchang steet
Tourists, now we are in Sifang Street. Sifang Street is the central square of the ancient city. It is an approximately rectangular square street surrounded by rows of connected sidewalks, covering an area of about 6 mu. Why is it called Sifang Street? There are two main opinions: one is that the square looks like the seal of the square magistrate and is named Sifang Street by the toast. All the truth? Meaning. Some people say that it is called Sifang Street because the roads here extend in all directions and are the distribution center for people and logistics in all directions. Why is Sifang Street so famous? If there is a world-famous trade route, the Silk Road, in the north of our country, then there is also one in the south of our country called? The ancient tea-horse road is a trade channel for horses, furs, medicinal materials and other specialties in Tibetan areas and Lijiang, as well as tea, silk and jewelry in the south. Old Town of Lijiang is an important town on the ancient tea-horse road, and Sifang Street is the trade center of this important town.
Throughout the ages, during the day, merchants gathered here and their business was booming, so naturally they returned to the city. Even several surrounding bridges have become exclusive places for some commodities, such as this bridge in front of Gong Ke Square. Sell pea bridge? What's the name of this bridge in the southwest corner? Duck egg bridge? . At night, especially on holidays, it has become a dance floor for children of all ethnic groups. People lit bonfires, sang folk songs and danced all night in the pottery village, Li Ali and Lusheng. If you happen to meet such a grand event, you can't help but join them. Poems by wooden toast in the Ming Dynasty? Singing and dancing in the moonlight without breaking the reed? It is a true portrayal of this grand occasion.
Perhaps everyone has noticed that Sifang Street is not horizontal, but slightly inclined to the east. Why? As the Naxi proverb says, Sifang Street is a lively market, selling everything except chicken feet. There will be a lot of garbage in a few days, and there are no fixed cleaners in the ancient city. According to the topography, the people of the ancient city skillfully used the Xihe River to wash the streets naturally. The way to do it is: when going to the market in the afternoon, people lock a gate on the street river with three boards, and the west river overflows the bank and flows to the market on the street. The owners of the surrounding shops carry water with sticks, and the sewage flows into the East River to irrigate thousands of hectares of farmland. Washing streets with river water saves the effort of sweeping the floor, which is probably unique in cities in China.
Kegongfang
This is the square, originally for the Yang family in this alley? One door, three elevators? Built it. Lijiang was implemented in the first year of Yongzheng in the Qing Dynasty, namely 1723? Change the soil and return to the flow? That is, from the original chieftain rule to the floating official rule designated by the central government for a certain term, Lijiang has since entered the feudal landlord society from the feudal Lord society. The change of social system has greatly stimulated the reading enthusiasm of folk children. Change the soil and return to the flow? By the time the imperial examination was abolished in the late Qing Dynasty (180), Lijiang had produced more than 60 juren and 7 scholars. ? One door, three elevators? This is not surprising in the culturally developed Central Plains, but it is a sensational event in Lijiang, a frontier ethnic minority area ruled by Tusi for a long time, so the government and the people donated money to build a two-story Gong Ke Square here. In the late Qing Dynasty, the last Jinshi of Lijiang River and Ji Geng appeared in this alley, so the villagers rebuilt Gong Ke Square on the burned site and upgraded it to three floors. Actually, from where? Change the soil and return to the flow? By the end of the Qing dynasty, there were two imperial examinations in the ancient city alone? One door, three elevators? . At present, there are hundreds of experts and professors in Naxi nationality with a population of over 300,000. The number of students admitted to the college entrance examination every year has been among the best in the province according to the average population. It can be said that Naxi nationality is a nation that advocates culture and is good at learning. Ok, you can stroll around Sifang Street for 30 minutes, or buy some local products and souvenirs, and meet here in 30 minutes. Shall we go next? Naxi quadrangle? Visit.
Goose ancient music concert? Dongbagong
On the east street on our left, there are the famous Dayan Ancient Music Concert and Dongba Palace, and their ancient music performances have their own characteristics. At present, there are more than a dozen such ancient bands active in urban and rural areas of Lijiang. What are the ancient music played here? White sand joy? And then what? Lijiang Dongjing Music? Two parts. ? White sand joy? It is a native music of Naxi nationality and one of the four ancient music in China. There are Benedict, a book, San Si Ji and other tunes, which are soothing and deep, and make people cry. ? Lijiang Dongjing Music? At first, it was court and Taoist music, and there were some tunes such as one river wind, one mountain slope sheep and water dragon songs. Due to the special geographical location of Lijiang and the Naxi people's love for ancient music, many tunes that have been lost in the Central Plains are preserved in Lijiang, deep in Yunling. After hundreds of years of circulation in Lijiang, it has a strong Naxi charm, so it is called? Lijiang Dongjing Music? . What is the performance of Naxi ancient music? Three cares? World-famous. Which three ancient ones? Ancient music, ancient musical instruments, ancient old people. In the performance of ancient music, in addition to the traditional flute, gong, guzheng and so on. There are rare ancient musical instruments such as Bobo and Su Gudu, and most of the players are old people with white beards. Listening to ancient music in an antique atmosphere will make you feel that the ancient style is extraordinary and arises spontaneously? This song should only be heard in the sky, but how many times can it be heard on earth? Feeling, thus playing a role in cultivating sentiment and purifying the soul. We are going to listen to Naxi ancient music tonight, and we will introduce it in detail then.
There used to be many inns nearby, and some specially received Tibetan caravans coming and going on the ancient tea-horse road. Where there is a caravan, there is forage. The open space in front of us sells pasture, not only fodder for mules and horses, but also straw and mountain grass for weaving straw mats and sandals. There are several local products and wood carving shops in this street. You are welcome to visit and choose.
Now we have reached the East River. You can also visit East Street? Golden key cultural palace? With what? He Zhigang's research? .
World Heritage Old Town of Lijiang Symbol Monument
The overall shape of this monument is Dongba of Naxi nationality. People? Based on Chinese characters, the plaque is embedded in the World Heritage emblem and the statue of human ancestors in Naxi myths and legends, highlighting? People-oriented, making history? The moral of, embody? Children of all ethnic groups shine with mountains, rivers, the sun and the moon? The theme of. Dongba sutra "Dashboard Map" said that only Chongren Company survived after the flood disaster. Later, he married a fairy with red background and white praise, and came to Lijiang to live a farming life of grains, cattle and horses falling from the sky. Lin Hong Bai Bao gave birth to three sons. The eldest son speaks Tibetan, the second son speaks Naxi and the third son speaks white. They became the ancestors of Tibetan, Naxi and Bai respectively.
Tourists, today we crossed the Xihe, Zhonghe and Donghe rivers in the ancient city. No, we have traveled through the time tunnel for thousands of years. Riverside map on Qingming Festival? I am coming out of middle school and will be integrated into the traffic of modern cities. I hope the beautiful scenery of small bridges and flowing water and rich national culture in Old Town of Lijiang will leave you with beautiful memories, and thank you for your support to my work. Thank you.