Transliteration of Maitreya in Sanskrit. Maitreya is a surname, translated as cishi, whose name is Aiduo, and translated as invincible. According to the Buddhist scriptures, he was born in a Brahmin family in South Tianzhu. He will live in the inner courtyard of Tiandou after he has achieved a positive result, and he will become a Buddha in the afterlife after Sakyamuni Buddha. It is considered to be the pioneer of Mahayana Buddhism yoga school. As for his statue, in the temples of the Han Dynasty, a smiling big-bellied bhikkhu was often made in the shape of a monk. Because it is said that this is the incarnation of Maitreya Buddha. So its shape is different from that of ordinary bodhisattvas.
Brief introduction of Maitreya Buddha
Maitreya Buddha is the future Buddha, and it is called "Qiangba" in Tibetan. "Maitreya" is the transliteration abbreviation of Sanskrit Maitreya, and it is called Mi Li, Mei Li, Mi Li, Miri, Malaysia, Mei Li Miri, Malaysia and Mei Li Miri, Malaysia Medicine, which is awkward. Bodhisattva's surname is also. Translated into cishi. The name Aiduo translates as "invincible". Or A Yi is the surname and Maitreya is the first name. Born in a Brahmin family in South Tianzhu. Shaugham's Buddha position has been filled with bodhisattvas all his life. The first Buddha went into extinction and was born in the pocket inner court. He was born at the age of 4,000, and gained enlightenment under the Longhua tree in Hualien Garden. The Maitreya Buddha, who lived in his early days, was endowed with compassion and samadhi, so he was called a kind teacher. Even if you become a Buddha, you are still famous.
Fahua Jiaxiang Shu Er said, "Maitreya, this cloud is cishi. Maitreya used to be called Maitreya. To all the wise immortals, Maitreya used to be all the wise immortals. Kindness is the samadhi sutra of kindness, so it is called kindness.
Hua Yanyun: "I got compassion for the first time, hence the name."
The name of the Tiantai network was sparse for five days: "Those who say Maitreya, there are clouds named after their surnames. Now it's not a surname, I'm afraid it's also a first name. who is it? Maitreya, this turn to cishi. In the past, the king who was kind to China was named Liuzhi of sandalwood, and China people called it the secretariat. My name has been cishi since I was born, and my surname is Aiduo. This cloud didn't win. It is said that Aiduo is a name. I personally don't read the text, and I can't hold it. "
The fifth Buddha robbed by immortals is Maitreya, and his life is the fourth layer of the world of desire. Maitreya Bodhisattva is lecturing to heaven in the inner court of Dou, which is a place on earth for 400 years a day. 4,000 years later (the life span of Dou is 4,000 years, that is, 5.67 billion years on earth), Maitreya Bodhisattva was born in the inner court of Tian and became a Taoist under the Longhua tree in the garden. Even if you become a Buddha, you are still famous.
Maitreya Buddha will be a blessed Buddha in the future. During his death, the earth experienced many changes. Mountains and rivers and stone walls are all extinct, mostly plain, with calm sea water, fertile land and many natural parks. All the year round, the weather is good, flowers bloom, and all kinds of suitable. The product has a bumper harvest, sweet fruit and natural japonica rice. No bran, it tastes delicious. If it is ripe, it can be eaten without cooking, and it is not bitter for people to eat for a long time. Without disaster, people are all good, without greed, anger, ignorance, slowness, doubt, ... not to mention murder, theft, adultery, alcoholism, ... and all other bad thoughts and words. Everyone knows the wonderful methods of practicing body, mouth and heart. People are equal, confused, have no disputes, meet happily, encourage each other with kind words, do good deeds, have no evil deeds, and eat without worry. Its clothes don't need artificial weaving, and there are trees on the ground, which will produce all kinds of soft clothes that anyone can wear; Most of the houses and palaces are made by law, and there is no filth on the ground. People have to pee, the toilet is opened and then closed by themselves. There are many kinds of treasures on the ground, so you can pick them up at will. People will say: I heard that in the past robbery (probably referring to our present robbery), man-made treasures hurt each other, were locked up in prison and suffered all kinds of troubles. Now this treasure is like a tile, unattended, and it is really peaceful. At that time, although there were a number of small countries in the world, only one big country was unified. On this earth, there is a vast plain of 400 Wan Li, four seas on each side, a metropolis, a cock-headed city, 500 miles from east to west and 280 miles from north to south. The land is flat, the population is large, the streets are neat, and there is a dragon king named Shuiguang in the air, which is fragrant at night and sunny in the daytime. In the city, Ye Hua, a Luo Cha man, appeared in the middle of the night to serve mankind, clean up the filth, and spread perfume all over the place, which was very fragrant. Dragons, gods and ghosts all work for human beings, but there is absolutely no need to worship them. At that time, there was no superstition in the world. The right time, the right place, the right people, the right people and the support of ghosts and gods gave birth to a wheel king. The king's name is Baya, and Kyoto is a city with the head of a chicken. For the people, the rule of law is based on justice. There are golden wheel treasures, elephant treasures, Ma Bao, jewels, jade treasures, pawn treasures and Tibetan treasures to stabilize the world. Without a knife and a stick, it is natural, free, carefree, equal and happy.
Maitreya belief is also very popular in China. In the Western Qin Dynasty, Maitreya Buddha was painted, such as the Bingling Temple Grottoes in Gansu. Maitreya statues before the Five Dynasties and the Song Dynasty are mainly divided into two categories: bodhisattva shape and Tathagata shape, which are created according to Maitreya's upper sutra and Maitreya's lower sutra respectively. Maitreya Buddha Bodhisattva mainly shows the Maitreya Buddha statue when the heavenly palace is called the heavens. At this time, Maitreya is dressed like a bodhisattva, sitting with two forks, or with his left foot hanging down and his right hand holding his chin, which means that Maitreya is waiting for labor in the Heavenly Palace, while the Buddha-shaped Maitreya is the image of the Buddha, which is not much different from the Buddha statue of Sakyamuni. Since the Northern Wei Dynasty, the belief in Maitreya's next life gradually became popular in China, and at the same time, Maitreya statues in Buddhist costumes began to appear.
As the future Buddha, Maitreya holds a very lofty position in the hearts of believers, so there are still some giant statues of Maitreya. The largest wood-carved Maitreya Buddha statue is in Wanfuge (also known as the Giant Buddha Pagoda) in Yonghe Palace, Beijing. The Buddha statue is18m high, with a buried part of 8m and a total length of 26m. It is carved from a complete piece of white sandalwood. The largest stone statue of Maitreya is Lingyun Buddha in Sichuan, which stands on Lingyun Mountain on the east bank of Minjiang River in Leshan City, Sichuan Province. Built on a cliff, the Giant Buddha is called "Leshan Giant Buddha" in the world. With a height of 7 1 m and a shoulder width of 28 meters, the statue is solemn, well-proportioned and magnificent, sitting on the river, and it is also the first stone statue sitting on a Buddha in the world. Tibet secretly worships Maitreya, and the largest bronze Maitreya is the Qiangba Buddha in Tashilhunpo Temple.
About five generations later, smiling Maitreya statues began to appear in temples in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. In fact, it is based on the image of a monk named Chechi. According to the Biography of Song Monks and other records, people from Mingzhou (now Ningbo, Zhejiang Province) in the Qi and Five Dynasties were also called Changting Zi. He often walks in and out of villages and towns, wandering around Jiangsu and Zhejiang with a cloth bag hanging on his staff. He is short and fat, with a big belly and uncertain speech, sitting and lying around. Can predict sunny and rainy days, "it will rain in the sky, that is, wearing wet cloth shoes;" Drought means dragging clogs. Residents use this as a test. Talking about good luck or bad luck with people is very fulfilling. Because he always carries a cloth bag, he is called a "cloth bag monk". He often pours all the things in his bag on the ground and shouts to the onlookers, "Look! Look! " He once wrote a song: "Only by being a Buddha with one heart, the ten sides are the most spiritual things in the world. It's not as real as the heart ... What's the difference between the heart and the brain? Why bother to seek justice? " (Biography of Song Monks, Volume 21) In the second year of Liang Zhenming (9 16), this deed sat on a rock under Lin Yue Temple in Mingzhou. Before he died, he left a poem: "Maitreya Buddha is really Maitreya Buddha. There are thousands of people in the two places, and they always show people for a while, and people don't know. "So later generations thought that he was the reincarnation of Maitreya Buddha and built a tower for him to support. In the third year of Song Chongning (1 104), Tan Zhen, the abbot of Lin Yue Temple, built a pavilion for it. Since then, a statue of Maitreya, with a bare stomach and a smiling face, has gradually become popular in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces according to the image of a "cloth-bag monk". He was placed in the Tianwang Temple, which made people feel happy as soon as they entered the gate and was deeply loved by the world. Later, this arrangement of "Maitreya Buddha with a big belly" became the custom of temples.
Among all kinds of Buddhist statues carved on Feilai Peak in front of Lingyin Temple in Hangzhou during the Five Dynasties, Song and Yuan Dynasties, there is such a statue of Maitreya. The statue of Maitreya sits on the cliff, with his bald head hanging down his shoulders and his face full of smiles and smiles. Dressed in cassock, bare-chested, with a big pocket in one hand and a string of beads in the other, I looked at the people who came to play and make pilgrimages happily. When people see this image, they are often infected by his frank smile and forget their troubles. Many temples have such a couplet in the Maitreya Hall: "A big belly can accommodate things that are difficult in the world; Open your mouth and laugh at the ridiculous people in the world. "