Gem is the most beautiful and valuable stone among rocks. They are bright in color, crystal in texture, brilliant in luster, hard and durable, and rare. They are natural mineral crystals that can be used to make jewelry, such as diamonds, crystals, emeralds, rubies, sapphires and emeralds (rocks and cat's eyes). There are also a few natural single mineral aggregates, such as chalcedony and opal. There are also a few organic substances, such as amber, pearls, corals, coal powder, ivory, etc., which are also included in the broad sense of gems.
Jade is also the beauty of stone. But it also has bright colors, hard and delicate texture, and beautiful luster after polishing.
In a broad sense, gemstones are indistinguishable from jade. Generally, gemstones refer to minerals or rocks with magnificent colors, hardness, durability and rarity, which can be polished and carved into jewelry and handicrafts, including natural and synthetic materials and some organic materials.
In a narrow sense, there are two concepts: gem and jade. Gem refers to the single crystal or double crystal with magnificent color, crystal clear, hard, durable and rare, which can be polished into gem jewelry, including natural and synthetic, such as diamonds and sapphires. Jade refers to mineral aggregates or rocks with magnificent colors, hardness, durability and rarity, which can be polished and carved into jewelry and handicrafts, such as jadeite, nephrite, dushan jade and jade, both natural and synthetic.
Jade also has a narrow sense and a broad sense. In a narrow sense, it only refers to jadeite (represented by Burmese jadeite) and nephrite (represented by Hetian jade). Broadly speaking, it includes many kinds of minerals and rocks used for handicraft carving. As for colored stone, it refers to the low-grade arts and crafts stone with beautiful and delicate color and texture, low hardness and weak luster, but it can meet the requirements of processing technology. Some scholars advocate that colored stones should be included in the broad sense of jade, or that colored stones should be used as synonyms for jade for the time being.
Summary: Gemstones need to meet the requirements of magnificent, durable and rare colors. The five most precious gems in the world are diamond, ruby, emerald and emerald.
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