When the Qing Dynasty was still alive, what a strict and sacred place the Qing Dongling was.
According to the regulations of the Qing Dynasty, each tomb has a general manager, two wings, two Xiao Qi factions, sixteen Zhang Jing and about 80 military men. These officers and men are divided into eight classes every month, and each class has two Zhang Jing and ten A Bing, who patrol day and night. By the middle of Guangxu, the total strength of the Eight Banners stationed in Dongling had reached 1 100.
In addition, green camp, located in Malanguan, is an army dedicated to protecting the safety of Dongling. In the first year of Yongzheng, there were three battalions. With the continuous addition of tombs, by the fifth year of Jiaqing, Malan Town had eight battalions, with the number of people expanding from 600 to more than 1000. By the ninth year of Guangxu, this number had soared to 3 157.
Apart from the Forbidden City, the Royal Mausoleum is the first forbidden place. Many laws and regulations to protect the imperial tombs were written into the Qing Law. For example, in the law, "those who pass the mausoleum in chariots and horses and those who guard the mausoleum, the officials and the people enter the mausoleum, dismount with a hundred steps, and the offenders are disrespectful, with a hundred sticks"; "If the temple wall burns, it will be stranded at first, three thousand miles away from the staff." "Trees, flowers and plants are related to the shade of the hills. It is disrespectful to steal soil and take stones, and to open a kiln and set fire to them. Regardless of guarding ordinary people, the head is beheaded and the followers are exiled. " Dare to "disrespect" or destroy the imperial tomb, the punishment is extremely cruel.
Under such strict precautions, until Puyi abdicated and the Qing Dynasty perished, although there were small-scale fires, logging and theft in Dongling area, it was an idiotic thing to get into the grave and split the coffin to steal the treasure.
After the abdication of the Qing emperor, according to the relevant provisions in the Preferential Conditions, the tombs and institutions of the Qing Dongling still inherited the Qing system. According to the regulation of "integrated protection", the Qing Dongling, which belongs to the "private property of the royal family", has a minister to protect the mausoleum and is stationed in the Eight Banners Mausoleum. Zong Renyuan, the Ministry of Rites and other institutions continue to undertake the affairs of the mausoleum.
However, the Qing dynasty has collapsed, and the sacred forbidden area in the past can no longer maintain that dignity. According to the terms of abdication, the government of the Republic of China allocated four million and two thousand silver to the Qing Dynasty every year. However, due to the default of the government of the Republic of China and the profligacy of Puyi's small court, the salary of Dongling staff was paid in half in advance.
Barely maintained until 19 14. On the grounds that there was no salary and it was urgent to solve the living difficulties of the flag people, the tomb guards suggested that the minister of protecting the mausoleum report to Puyi and request permission to reclaim the land in the mausoleum area to make a living. Since then, the destruction of land and trees in Dongling has gradually escalated. 192 1 year, Zhili provincial authorities directly intervened in illegal felling of trees in the mausoleum area and established the so-called "Dongye Reclamation Bureau", and the land and trees in Dongling boundary began to be destroyed on a large scale.
In just over ten years, all the "document trees" and "sea trees" in Qianhuan and Houlong of Dongling District were illegally cut down. At that time, the lush green hills had turned into barren hills at 1928, and the environment of Dongling had been destroyed as never before.
What's more, when Zhang, who controlled the Beiyang government, was defeated and the Northern Expedition arrived, Dongling was in an unmanned vacuum. The ground buildings in Dongling were robbed and demolished by warlords and local bandits. First, all the bronze ornaments such as copper nails and copper characters in the temple were stolen, and then the partition, sill frame and window sill of the temple were removed and stolen.
Peng Yu, as the minister of protecting the mausoleum, saw that the situation was so chaotic that he no longer devoted himself to guarding it, and began to collude with the guardians to dismantle and sell the large cauldrons, bronze cranes and bronze deer displayed on the platform in front of Long 'en Temple in the mausoleum to enrich himself.
When local residents saw that the ministers guarding the mausoleum were all thieves, they thought that the mausoleum palace could be taken away at will, so they flocked to the mausoleum area and began to tear down the temple and sell it at will. In the meantime, a group of thieves took advantage of the chaos, dug up Huifei's tomb, entered the underground palace, threw coffins and carried corpses, and stole a lot of treasures.
With this beginning, Dongling in Qing Dynasty is like a piece of fat in the open space. Many army bandits are staring at red eyes and drooling. It is only a matter of time before Dongling is devastated.
Before Sun Dianying, it was Ma Futian and Wang who set out to rob the Dongling of the Qing Dynasty. Ma Futian was originally a bandit, gathering a group of people to make a living by kidnapping; 1927, Ma Futian accepted Zhao 'an, joined Feng Jun with his gang of more than 600 people and became the head of the army. Wang worked as a grave repairer in his early years, joined the company at the age of 20, and later became a trusted subordinate of Ma Futian.
1June, 928, under the attack of the Northern Expeditionary Army, Ma Futian saw that Feng Jun was doomed, so he went up the mountain with his hands and became a bandit again, robbing his family in Malanyu, his hometown. While doing a few "small businesses" that robbed money and burned more than a dozen shops, he sent people into Dongling to inquire about the movement and see if there was any possibility of poaching. Stealing Dongling is his dream hidden in his heart for many years! At this time, the army was retreating, and the Northern Expeditionary Army had not yet come. Dongling had no vacuum in which one soldier was in charge. He was overjoyed and immediately realized that this was a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity. Why not do it now? Ma Futian immediately led the bandits into Dongling and began to realize his long-cherished wish.
In just a few days, all valuable objects left on the ground of Dongling and several imperial tombs in Huanghuashan were almost looted by his bandits.
Just as Ma Futian was about to attack the mausoleum of the Queen Mother Dongling, mantis caught cicada, yellowbird followed, and Sun Dianying Guard appeared.
Sun Dianying is a man of history. In the 11th year of Chongzhen (1638), the Qing soldiers bypassed the Great Wall, went deep into the south of Kyoto and attacked Gaoyang City. Sun Chengzong, a senior minister of the Ministry of War of the Ming Dynasty and a university student in Dongge, led his family and the whole city to defend the city against the Qing Dynasty. In the end, due to the large number of Qing soldiers, the city was breached and captured. Sun Chengzong vowed never to surrender, and the Qing army strangled the 70-year-old man alive, and then slaughtered the whole family and the whole city. Only one of Sun Chengzong's four descendants, pickaxe, escaped from a nanny and brought out a baby boy when the city was broken.
The baby boy grew up and settled in Yongcheng, Henan Province. He is the ancestor of Sun Dianying.
Sun Dianying was nicknamed "the descendants of marijuana" because of smallpox. When he was a child, his father was killed by a flag bearer and lived in poverty. His mother dotes on him so much that he has developed the habit of lawlessness since he was a child. When I grew up, I hung out in casinos every day, made a living by gambling, and learned some mahjong tiles. He knows what they are by touching them. Later, he engaged in opium trafficking, joined the temple fair, a non-governmental organization in western Henan, and gradually mixed with the leaders of the temple fair with extraordinary intelligence. Because he was willing to spend a lot of money, he trafficked opium, made drugs and sold them to Shanghai, making a lot of money.
1922, when "Scholar General" Wu was in Luoyang, the drug Lord Sun Dianying was arrested strictly. He couldn't stand it in Luoyang and fled to Shaanxi.
He gathered a group of bandits, gamblers, cigarette dealers and so on to form a team and dominate one side. In order to gain more power, Sun Dianying went to Dingxingling, the commander of the national army, Ye Quan and others, and then took refuge in Zhang Zongchang, the "King of Shandong", and was appreciated by Zhang Zongchang, who was also a bandit. 1in the spring of 926, Zhang Zongchang and Li joined forces to counterattack the national army. Sun Dianying led his troops to attack Xu Yongchang, the third army of the national army, and made great achievements for Zhang Zongchang. Zhang Zongchang reorganized Sun Bu into the 35th Division of the Zhi-Lu Allied Forces, which was later expanded, and Sun Dianying was appointed as the commander. When the allied forces were losing ground under the attack of the Northern Expeditionary Army, Sun Dianying, who was good at have it both ways, took refuge in Xu, then commander-in-chief of the Sixth Army of the National Revolutionary Army, and Sun Dianying was appointed commander of the Twelfth Army.
Become an officer of the National Revolutionary Army and lead the troops to Zunhua, Hebei.
1928 In the early summer, Sun Dianying led his troops to Mashen Bridge in Jixian County, which is just across a mountain from the Qing Dongling.
Sun Dianying's team is a miscellaneous army that does not belong to the Kuomintang regular army, and it is not Chiang Kai-shek's "biological". Sun's salary has been deducted for a long time, so that officers and men can't get paid for half a year and their morale fluctuates. Absenteeism is common. If they don't distribute food money, they may even be in danger of mutiny. In the face of this grim situation, Sun Dianying was heartbroken, and it was difficult for the treasure house of Qing Dongling, which was close at hand, not to enter his field of vision.
Even if there is no shortage of money, Sun Dianying will not let go of the treasure of Dongling if there is an opportunity, let alone when it is short of money? But now, after all, he is an officer of the Republic of China, not an outlaw, so he can't be casual.
So he found Xu, the boss and commander-in-chief of the legion, and repeatedly urged Xu to pay; Xu has no choice but to talk about procrastination; Sun Dianying pushed harder and harder, but Xu was tired of it. Finally, Sun Dianying laid his cards on the table, saying that the soldiers had been miserable because they had not been paid for a long time. It is suggested that Dongling be dug up to pay for the treasures in the mausoleum.
After Xu was surprised, he was also heartbroken. He knew that if he really did it, this hemp seed Sun wouldn't have to be urged to pay so many death warrants. More importantly, his share of the treasure must be indispensable, so he faltered and didn't show his attitude. Knowing that he had no objection, Sun Dianying immediately called his teachers to plan.
In this way, the above-mentioned Ma Futian and Wang attempted to steal treasures, which happened to be a wonderful excuse for Sun Dianying to enter Dongling District. He immediately ordered his teacher Tan Wenjiang to attack Ma Futian's department in the name of "fighting bandits". The two sides fought fiercely in Malanyu town, and Ma Futian was defeated. Ma and Wang looked at the inexhaustible treasure of Dongling, swallowed their anger and retreated.
Immediately, Sun Dianying entered the mausoleum in the name of searching for enemies and weapons. Then, he posted more than a dozen notices everywhere, announcing that in order to protect the safety of Dongling, military exercises would be held in the mausoleum area and the mausoleum area would be closed.
In the name of "military exercises", the mausoleum area was tightly sealed, which shocked grave robbery and treasure theft at home and abroad.
Among all the tombs in the mausoleum area, Ding Dong Mausoleum of Empress Dowager Cixi is his first choice. First, Empress Dowager Cixi's extravagance and waste is the most prominent among the emperors of past dynasties, and her mausoleum is bound to be luxurious. Second, the burial time of Empress Dowager Cixi is very close, and there are clues about her entry into Tibet. It is easier to enter the underground palace than other tombs.
On July 4th, Ding Dong Mausoleum of Cixi in Putuo Valley was excavated for the first time. The engineering barracks dug all over the mausoleum for two days and two nights but failed to find the entrance to the underground palace. Sun Dianying sent someone to get the local underground insurance. When Di Bao heard that he was going to be a "staff officer" who stole the imperial tomb, he turned pale with fear, but he was not to be taunted by the commander. He had to say that he had never known the entrance to the underground palace, and the old flag bearer might know about it. Sun Dianying felt right and immediately sent someone to invite five or six old banners.
These old people don't know the entrance either. Sun Dianying thought they wouldn't tell the secret. First it was coaxing, then it was flogging and branding with a soldering iron. How can the old man endure such torture? Two died in less than half a day. One of them can't stand it. He said that there was a stonemason who had participated in the construction of the mausoleum more than ten kilometers away. Maybe he could remember the location of the underground palace.
In order not to let outsiders know about the entrance to the underground palace, craftsmen who built the last project of the imperial tomb in ancient times often buried their secrets in the ground when they finished, which is also an extremely cruel manifestation of feudal imperial power.
And this, this Jiang Meisen is really lucky. When Cixi was buried, eighty-one craftsmen were selected for the final burial tomb, and the masons were told that they could dig another tunnel first to go out. The craftsmen immediately knew that their time had come, and since they were chosen to do the last process, it was impossible to get out alive. Jiang masons wrote to him a few days ago, saying that his wife gave birth to an only son, and now he is required to die without looking at his son, no matter what. When he was moving a stone, he was distracted and slipped. A big stone hit him and he fainted on the spot. The supervisor was busy at that time, thinking that he was dead. He was afraid of soiling the gold coupon (that is, the bedroom) and quickly asked someone to drag it out and throw it on the bare hillside. When the masons woke up, they found that they were not in the mausoleum site, and they rolled around and climbed home in surprise and joy, thus saving their lives and keeping the secret of the entrance to the underground palace.
Jiang masons in their early sixties were suddenly invited to Dongling by several soldiers. He doesn't know what happened. Sun Dianying said to him, please tell me the entrance to the mausoleum of Empress Dowager Cixi, and I will take you back.
I don't know for what reason, Jiang masons who should have been happy to dig the tomb of Cixi just said nothing, and Sun Dianying's various temptations didn't work.
Sun Dianying got angry, and moved to torture devices to prepare for torture. On second thought, if Jiang masons were tortured to death like those two old banners, who else knew the entrance to the pyramid-shaped mound? So he rolled his eyes and patted the table: "Don't tell? Grab your son and see if I don't skin him! " This trick caught the mason's weakness. Before the soldier went out, he let the cat out of the bag with a whine.
Under the guidance of Jiang masons and the fate of explosives, the indestructible tomb, as a permanent project, was opened in front of these bandits, and the mysterious tomb of Empress Dowager Cixi, who ruled China for half a century, was in great trouble.
The prosperity and preciousness of the treasures in the underground palace need not be described in detail. Almost all of China's top material wealth is concentrated here. Every soldier who entered the mausoleum had a big flashlight in his hand, but under the reflection of the treasure light in the room, the light of the flashlight all lost its function.
All the treasures of human sacrifice were quickly robbed and emptied. Bandit soldiers hacked wildly and opened Cixi's coffin. The coffin full of treasures accompanied the first powerful woman in modern China. At this time, however, Empress Dowager Cixi was just a zombie who was ravaged by others. There is a huge pearl in her mouth. It is said that this pearl keeps the corpse from rotting. The soldier reached for it, only to find that the ball slipped down his throat; So, several big black hands pressed her head, punched her in the face and giggled twice. Cixi is full of teeth, but the orb does not roll out; Then several big fingers rudely broke her mouth, and when she took out the orb, her cheek was torn open.
In the process of robbing the treasure in the coffin, her body was thrown out of the coffin, lying face down in the mud with one hand twisted behind her.
Endless treasures were displayed in front of us, and all the officers and men plundered crazily. Sun Dianying stipulates that treasures should be concentrated first and then distributed, and no one is allowed to keep them. But under the strong stimulation of such great wealth, where can people control themselves? Sun Dianying gnashed her teeth and ordered Tan Wenjiang to shoot the officers and men who tore and robbed crazily. The body kept falling down and finally got the situation under control. However, some people still hide jewelry in their underwear, put it in their mouths and even stuff it in their anus. ...
This is probably the most famous robbery in history.
What will happen in that gloomy and mysterious catacombs leaves people with great imagination. The most eye-catching legend may not be the magic of the treasures in the tomb, but the fact that Empress Dowager Cixi was raped!
It is said that when Cixi's coffin was opened, she saw that her face was like life and her skin was white and full. A grave-robbing soldier actually became animal-minded, pulled down his pants and raped her. I didn't expect my body to shrink like a ghost at the sight of the air, and immediately defeated the grave robbers with strong sexual desire.
When the most luxurious tomb of Empress Dowager Ding Dong was stolen, Sun Dianying ordered the excavation of the Yuling Tomb of Emperor Qianlong in the heyday of the Qing Dynasty. The excavation method is the same as before, and the entrance to the tomb is also opened with explosives.
The underground palace during the Qianlong period was indeed bigger and more magnificent. After the coffin was opened, the body of Ganlong, who died 129, had rotted, leaving only braids, skulls and ribs. The bandit soldiers also quickly robbed the house of treasures.
Unlike the mausoleum of Cixi, Qianlong was the most elegant emperor in the Qing Dynasty, and there were many precious calligraphy and paintings in his mausoleum. The bandit soldiers only knew gold, silver and jewels, and these artistic treasures were savagely destroyed.
Sun Dianying also wanted to rob the Xiaoling Mausoleum of Shunzhi, because he heard that the emperor shunzhi had become a monk in Wutai Mountain before his death. The coffin in the mausoleum was empty and there was no treasure, so he didn't do it. Then I'm going to steal the Jingling of Kangxi. Unexpectedly, before the underground palace was dug, the yellow water flowed out and became more and more turbulent. In an instant, the water on the ground was more than two feet deep, and the bandits were afraid to continue.
After seven days and seven nights of frantic excavation, Sun Dianying returned home on July 1 1.