1. Multiple choice questions: (***24 points, 2 points for each small question, 1, 2 is entitled double choice, and the rest are single choice)

1, and the following description uses the same physical laws as figure 1 ().

A. "Phantom" B. "Cup bow and snake shadow"

C. "Dig the wall and steal the light" D. "Get immediate results"

2, about the imaging of the following four kinds of optical instruments is correct ().

A. The magnifying glass becomes an upright enlarged real image B, and the camera becomes an inverted reduced real image.

C. The periscope becomes an upright isometric virtual image D. The slide projector becomes an upright magnified real image.

3, in the evening, spread a piece of white paper on the desktop, put a small flat mirror on the paper, let

The light of the flashlight shines on the flat mirror, as shown in Figure 2. Seen from the side: () Figure 1.

A. The mirror is bright, and it has specular reflection.

B.the mirror is dark, and it has specular reflection.

C. The white paper is bright and has specular reflection.

D. black and white with diffuse reflection.

4, at night, people pass under the high street lamp, the change of the shadow length is ()

A. lengthen B. shorten C. short first, then long D. long first, then short Figure 2

The distance from the lens to the film of many cameras is adjustable. The photographer has "adjusted the focal length" before a certain shooting, so that the subject can form a clear image on the film. If the subject moves before shooting, the distance between him and the photographer becomes very far. In order for him to keep a clear image on the film, the distance between the lens and the negative should be () A, a larger B, a smaller C, a smaller D, a larger D and a smaller D..

6. When the light is refracted obliquely from the air to the water surface, the correct one in the light path diagram shown in Figure 3 is ().

Figure 3

7, divers in the water to see the essence of the shore "scenery" is ()

A. the virtual image of the scene is just like above the scene. B. the real image of the scene is like the scene below.

C. the real image of the scene, like above the scene D. the virtual image of the scene, like below most objects

8. As shown in Figure 4, Xiaoming's kitten enjoys her full-length portrait in front of a flat mirror. At this time, the full-length portrait it sees should be () in the picture.

Figure 4 Figure 5

9. As shown in Figure 5 on the upper right, a beam of light enters the bottom of the cup to form a light spot. Gradually add water to the cup, and the light spot will ().

A, move right B, move left

C, motionless d, uncertain

10, slide show, slide show should be placed away from the lens ()

A. Stand upright between 2 times focal length and 1 times focal length.

B, the focal length is greater than 2 times, should be placed upright.

C. if the focal length is more than 2 times, invert it.

D is between 2 times focal length and 1 times focal length, and placed upside down.

1 1 and of the four phenomena shown in Figure 6, () is formed due to the refraction of light.

12, an object gets an image on the screen through a convex lens, which is now transparent.

The upper part of the mirror is covered to prevent light from passing through, so the image on the screen () Figure 6.

A. the upper part is missing. B. the lower part is missing. C. the size changes. D. the image properties are unchanged, but it is darkened.

II. Fill in the blanks (***30 points, 65438+ 0 points per grid)

13, it is said that the scenery in Yaoli, Jingdezhen is beautiful. "Fish flies in the sky and birds swim in the water." The "fish" in this beautiful spectacle is an image formed by light; "Bird" is an image formed by light.

14,1997 March 9, Mohe, China.

The phenomenon of "total solar eclipse" has appeared, as shown in Figure 7.

The position of total solar eclipse on the sun, the earth and the moon is

In the picture, A is and B is.

This is due to the formation of. Figure 7

15. It takes 500s for the light from the sun to reach the earth, and the distance from the earth to the sun is about km.

16. As shown in Figure 8, when a thick piece of glass is placed on the pencil, it seems that the pencil is divided into three sections, which is a phenomenon of light.

17, a ray perpendicular to the plane mirror, reflected light and incident light.

The included angle is degrees, and if the propagation direction of light remains unchanged,

When the plane mirror rotates 20 counterclockwise, the light is reflected.

The included angle with the incident light is degrees. Figure 8

18, the human eye is equivalent to a camera, the retina is equivalent to a camera, and the object forms a new image on the retina. At present, many students in our city don't pay attention to eye health care, which leads to more and more myopia, as shown in Figure 9 below, and it will become as shown in Figure 9 after correction.

Fig. 9 methyl ethyl propyl butyl ester

19, Dandan's height 1.5m, standing 3m in front of the flat mirror. The distance from her image to the mirror is _ _ _ _ _ meters, and the image height is meters; If a board as big as a flat mirror is placed behind the mirror 1m as shown in figure 10, then she _ _ _ _ (fill in "can" or "can't") sees her own image in the mirror. If she approaches the flat mirror at a speed of 0.5m/s, the speed of the image relative to the person is m/s, and the size of the image (the filling becomes larger, smaller or unchanged).

Figure 10 Figure 1 1

20. Figure 1 1 is the optical path diagram of light obliquely incident into human air from glass. As can be seen from the figure, the reflection angle is degrees and the refraction angle is degrees.

2 1. In the experiment of observing convex lens imaging, it is necessary to adjust the heights of candles, convex lenses and light screens so that their centers are about. If the position of the convex lens remains unchanged after adjustment, put the candle flame at points A, B, C, D and E in turn, as shown in figure 12, and adjust the position of the light screen at the same time, then:

(1) Put the candle flame on _ _ _ _, and the smallest image will appear on the screen.

(2) Put the candle flame at _ _ _ _ point, and the image on the screen will be the largest.

(3) Put the candle flame at _ _ _ _ point, and there is no candle flame image on the screen.

(4) If the candle flame moves from point A to point D, the distance from the image to the lens and the size of the image are _ _ _ _. (Fill in "bigger" or "smaller" and "unchanged") Figure 12.

Three, drawing or short answer questions (*** 18 points, 2 points for each small question)

22. Complete the light path diagram shown in Figure 13 or draw the appropriate type of lens in the box.

Figure 13

23. The direction of the light reflected by the plane mirror is shown in figure 14. Please draw the incident light on the map and indicate the incident angle.

24. According to the imaging characteristics of plane mirror, draw the image of object AB in plane mirror MN in figure 15.

25. As shown in figure 16, AB is an incident ray from point light source S, and CD is a reflection ray from another incident ray from S. Please draw the position of point light source S in the figure.

Figure 14 Figure 15 Figure 16

26. As shown in Figure 17, the sunlight makes an angle of 60 degrees with the horizontal plane. Use a plane mirror to make sunlight shine on the bottom of the well in the vertical direction. Please draw a picture to determine the position of the plane mirror and indicate the degree of the included angle between the plane mirror and the horizontal plane.

27. As shown in Figure 18, the light emitted by the luminous point S hits the interface between air and water, and is reflected and refracted at the same time. Draw the incident light corresponding to the reflected light passing through point A as accurately as possible, and make the approximate position of the corresponding refracted light. (Continue to draw traces)

Figure 17 Figure 18

28. With the rapid development of China's economy, many manufacturers have changed the view that "the fragrance of wine is not afraid of the depth of the alley" and advertised their products one after another, but some advertisements have neglected the scientific nature. As shown in figure 19, there is a scientific error in the advertisement. Please find it and briefly explain what physical principles or laws it violates.

The mistake in the picture is

This is a violation.

Figure 19

29. On a thunderstorm night, Xiaohua opened the window and looked out ... Please imagine what he would see. Hear what? What's his problem? (Please write down questions related to physics)

30. Many physical phenomena can be observed in nature, which give us life.

Added a lot of fun. You have carefully read the cover of the first physics textbook.

Pictures taken in nature? Go ahead.

The physical phenomena you see and explain them briefly.

Physical phenomena:

Explanation:

.

Figure 20

4. Calculate or ask questions (***28 points, 3 1 question 6 points, 32-34 questions 4 points, 35 questions 10 points)

3 1, the five-star red flag flutters on the flagpole of the school playground. Students in order to measure

For the height of flagpole, three schemes (A, B and C from top to bottom) are designed, as shown in Figure 2 1 on the right. Please select one of the schemes:

(1) Which do you like better? Please explain his knowledge of physical optics;

(2) Use the data measured by students to calculate the height of the flagpole.

Figure 2 1

32. The object is located at a distance of 0/2 cm from the convex lens/kloc, and an enlarged real image is formed on the other side of the convex lens 20cm. Find out which range the focal length f of the convex lens is. (It is required to write a theoretical analysis process)

33. When doing an experiment to explore the imaging law of convex lens, Xiaohua found that the scale of the scale on the light table was "0-90 cm", but there were two convex lenses on the experimental table. Specifications are shown in the following table. The problem facing Xiaohua is: which lens is better to choose in order to explore the imaging law of convex lens? What do you think should be chosen?

The lens is _ _ _ _ _ _ _; (Select "A" or "B")

If another lens is selected, it will

The problems encountered are: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

34. Figure 22 below explores the law of light reflection. The first step is to change the direction and observe the reflection.

How the light direction changes; The experimental conclusions are as follows:

Step 2: Fold the right half f of the cardboard forward or backward to see if you can still see it.

The conclusion of the experiment is:

Figure 22 Figure 23

35. As shown in Figure 23, when Xiao Ming explores the imaging characteristics of flat mirror:

(1) Experiment with flat glass, ruler, candle and white paper. The purpose of choosing two identical candles is to determine _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ and compare _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

(2) Xiao Ming puts a lighted candle in front of a thin glass plate on a horizontal desktop, and then puts another unlit candle with the same size near the lighted candle and moves it to make it coincide with the image of the lighted candle in the glass plate. But in operation, no matter how Xiao Ming moves the candle in his hand on the desktop, it can't coincide with the image. The reason may be.

(3) After thinking and adjusting, he found the position of the image, the distance from the image to the mirror and the distance from the lighted candle to the glass plate. When the white paper is placed in the position of the image, there is no candle image on the white paper, which means that the plane mirrors an image.

Comprehensive examination paper of physical optics in junior high school

Reference answer

I. 1. c，D 2。 b，C3.b4.c5.b6.c。

7. An 8. C 9。 A 10。 D 1 1。 B 12。 D

Second, 13, refraction, imaginary number, reflection, imaginary number 14, moon, earth, straight-line propagation of light in homogeneous medium 15,1.5×108, kloc-0/6.

18, film, inversion, reduction, real number, c, a 1 9,3, 1.5, neng,1,constant 20,30,4621,same height, a,.

Three. Sketches from 22nd to 27th,

28. The spoon looks straight.

The law of refraction of light.

29. See lightning and hear thunder.

On a thunderstorm day, why do you see lightning first and then hear thunder?

30. I saw the virtual image that the flowers on the other side of the water drop became bigger.

The water drop is equivalent to a convex lens and has the function of a magnifying glass. The flower is in its focal length range, so it becomes an enlarged virtual image.

Four. 3 1. If option B is selected:

(1) Light travels in a straight line to form a shadow.

(2)AB/CD = EB/FD AB =(EB×CD)/FD =( 18× 1)/0.6 = 30(m)

32、6㎝& lt； f & lt 10㎝

33.B.

When an object becomes a real image, the distance between the image and the object will be greater than 90㎝, and the light screen cannot accept the image.

34. Incident light. When the incident light approaches (or goes away from) the normal, the reflected light approaches (or goes away from) the normal.

Reflect light. Reflected light, normal light and incident light are on the same plane.

35.( 1) Location of the image. The size of the image.

(2) Xiao Ming lit a candle in front of the glass plate, moved the candle in his hand, and looked for the image on the same side.

(3) Equality. Virtual.