Monday (August 2005-65438+May) is fine.

Glass has a long history. In the west, people often say that glass is God's best gift to mankind. Glass brings joy to life and inspiration to creation. This is a contradictory and very magical substance. Artists use it to be crystal clear, cool and firm, and at the same time, it has the characteristics of refraction and reflection, so that glass technology can achieve unpredictable and unpredictable artistic effects in artistic creation.

In the 6th century BC/KLOC-0, glass beads and glass inlays appeared in ancient Egypt. From 1550 BC to 1500 BC, glassware appeared in ancient Egypt and the two river basins. In the 4th century BC, Egypt invented glass casting, car carving, carving and gold plating. In BC 1 century, Syrians created a blowing process, which can blow molten glass into various forms of utensils at will. After that, blow molding appeared one after another, which was the beginning of large-scale glassware production. In 1 century, Rome became a glass manufacturing center. The glass crafts of the Roman Empire included blowing, blow molding, cutting, carving, carving, winding and gold plating. After the 5th century, the glass craft in Rome gradually declined. By the 8th century, except for colored glass mosaics in churches, European glass crafts were almost extinct. However, during this period, glass technology in the Middle East continued to develop. Syrian artists injected silver salt into the glass solution to extract glass with metallic luster. From the 9th century to14th century, Damascus, Constantinople and Cairo were the glass production centers in the Middle East. /kloc-In the 20th century, with the development of trade, Venice became the world glass manufacturing center. At that time, in order to monopolize glass manufacturing technology, the government concentrated glass artists on Murano Island, which faces Venice across the sea. The heyday of Venice glass production was from15th century to16th century, and its products almost monopolized the European market. /kloc-after the 0/6th century, glass craftsmen began to flee the island and spread to all parts of Europe, and the glass manufacturing technology gradually spread.

Another center of European glass manufacturing is Bohemia and Germany. During the Gothic period from 13 to 15, a kind of dark green glassware called "forest glass" was produced locally. A typical work is a kind of wine glass covered with small convex balls, with a high round bottom and a flared edge. By the16th century, the upper edge extended upward to form a small bowl. This style continues to this day and is called "Rhine glass wine glass". /kloc-in the 0/7th century, the glass industry in Europe developed rapidly, and France has produced large areas of glass mirrors and flat glass by casting. The British invented two most important technologies: one is lead glass. Second, the innovation of smelting technology, the fuel is changed from wood to coal, and a closed crucible is used. In addition, Dinan, a Swiss, invented the stirring method to make optical glass, which opened up a new way for melting high-uniformity glass.

/kloc-In the late 8th century, the industrial revolution played a great role in promoting the development of glass manufacturing industry, and Lubran soda process was invented in this period. /kloc-in the 0 ~ (th) century, ammonia alkali was invented to produce soda ash, which completely changed the state of relying on natural alkali and burning wood ash in the past. In the development of glass technology, a noticeable problem is the relationship between glass and architecture. Glass has been used in buildings for a long time. Gothic architects use glass to describe spiritual symbols: soft light falls in through high side windows, and in a dim church, the light is concentrated on the altar, which can lead people's thoughts to the sky. For Renaissance architects, the tall vertical windows were paradise on earth, and the colorful glass on the windows changed the light, forming an ethereal atmosphere and evoking the response of the soul. In the 20th century, the internal steel rafter frame has been further developed, resulting in two revolutionary changes, and these two changes have become the symbol of modern architecture, that is, the building is higher and the glass area is larger. The surrealist dream of transparent architecture has come true: Mies van der Rohe built a glass tower and philip johnson built a glass house.

Now dreams and reality are getting closer and closer. Glass can make everything.