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abstract expressionism

American School of Painting, which rose in new york in the 1940s. Most abstract expressionist painters are full of energy? #2 1 160; Factional painter. They often paint quickly and powerfully on large canvases, sometimes with big brush strokes, sometimes with dye drops, and even directly splash pigments on the canvases. This way of painting is usually considered as important as painting itself. Other abstract expressionist painters use a peaceful and mysterious way to realize pure abstract images. The works of this art school are not all abstract or expressionist, but it is generally believed that such artists can trigger and release subconscious creativity through spontaneous creation.

Art information non-image art

What does informel mean in French? #38750; Image? #65292; Instead of the English word informative (? #38750; Formal? #65289; Meaning. In 1950s, non-image artists hoped to find a new way to create images, instead of borrowing recognizable forms from predecessors (see Cubism and Expressionism). Their goal is to abandon geometry and hieroglyphics and explore a new artistic language. They improvise shapes and methods. The works of non-image art are very diverse, and painters usually use free brushwork and rough painting techniques. Developed in America at the same time? #25277; Like expressionism? #30456; Similarly, the scope of non-image art is quite extensive, including figurative and non-figurative painters. Although this school is mainly centered on Paris, its influence is far from other parts of Europe, especially Spain, Italy and Germany.

Bauhaus Bauhaus

Bauhaus school was founded by architect Walter? #26684; Luo pius was founded in Weimar, Germany in 19 19, and became a modern design center in Germany in the 1920s. The school also reflected some socialist thoughts in Europe at that time, and its idea was to integrate art and design into daily life. Gropius firmly believes that artists and architects should be like craftsmen, and their works should be of practical value and affordable to ordinary people. The students of Bauhaus School include painters, architects, potters, weavers, sculptors and designers. They study together in the studio like painters and craftsmen in the Renaissance. Bauhaus's unique style is concise, geometric and highly refined. 1933, the Nazi government called the school the activity center of capitalist intellectuals and closed the school. Although Bauhaus School has been dissolved, teachers who left Germany and moved to other parts of the world continue to carry forward the design concept of the school.

Barbizon school babisan school

/kloc-From the early to the middle of the 9th century, a group of French painters traveled to a small village called Barbisan, which is located 40 miles southwest of Paris and on the outskirts of Fontainebleau forest. Away from the pressure of city life, painters go deep into the countryside with easels and paint nature outdoors. They painted warm scenery and people working in the fields, and studied the instantaneous influence of light and atmosphere on their surroundings. Many barbizon painters have been forgotten, but some of their discoveries have contributed to the innovative techniques of Impressionism in the future.

Baroque style

Baroque is an important style that prevailed in Rome in the early17th century, and it also prevailed in Europe to varying degrees until18th century. The word baroque comes from baroque in Italy. What does this mean? #22855; Different? # 12289; ? #2 1476; Is that weird? # 12290; Baroque art is generally characterized by drama Zhang Liwei, which can arouse the emotions of the audience. A typical baroque religious painting depicts a virgin or saint with spiral folds, surrounded by a group of angels like light clouds. The theme of ancient myths is also very popular, and the paintings are also very exaggerated. The works of art in this period are not all gorgeous, and the works of more melancholy dramatists such as Caravaggio are also classified as baroque art.

Camden town group Camden painting association

19 1 1 formed a group of British painters. Group members often get together with the painter Walter? #35 199; Celtic's studio in north London. Their creative theme is mainly the life of the urban working class, which is deeply influenced by the painter Vincent? #2096 1; ? #39640; With Paul? #39640; More influence and strong form and color. 19 13, the painting society and other art groups, such as the famous whirlpool painter (see whirlpool), formed the London Painting Society.

Cobra gobua association

1948 to 195 1 an international artists' society in Europe. The name "Gobua" is taken from the initials of the city (Copenhagen, Brussels, Amsterdam) where the original members of the community lived. The goal of this club is to advocate the unconscious free expression, paint with a free and informal attitude, and the striking colors make its works vivid and powerful. They put special emphasis on fantasy images derived from Nordic folklore and unconscious mysterious symbols, rather than purely abstract forms.

concept art

What is hidden behind the works in conceptual art? #270 10; Reading? #3520 1; Much more important than the skills used by the painter. In 1960s, conceptual art became an important international phenomenon, and its manifestations were very diverse. Its concept is still? #270 10; Reading? #2 1487; It can be conveyed through various media, including articles, maps, charts, movies, photos, performances and designs exhibited in galleries or designs designed for specific locations. Sometimes the landscape itself can become the work of artists, such as Richard? #2639 1; what's up #22823; Art of the Earth and Crystal? #296 15; Environmental sculpture? # 12290; The ideas expressed through conceptual art works mostly come from philosophy, feminism, psychoanalysis, film research and political radicalism. Artists of conceptual art regard themselves as creators of ideas rather than producers of works, which changes the traditional concepts of artists and works. Are Povera, a conceptual art group, was founded in Italy in 1960s and developed this concept with mediocre and worthless materials.

constructivism

19 13 Russian abstract art movement. Structuralism swept away the traditional artistic concept and thought that the form and process of modern industrial technology should be imitated. This applies especially to sculpture, which is composed of materials and technologies from various fields of industry? #32467; Structure? #32780; All right. In painting, the same principle is also reflected in the form of two-dimensional space; Abstract forms are used to create structures reminiscent of mechanized technology and are suspended in space in an almost architectural style. Although? #3243 1; Essence? #30340; Structuralism was popular in the early days of the Russian revolution, but its goals and ideas have always been adopted by artists in the 20th century.

cubism

This revolutionary technology of creating painting images was initiated by Balot in 10 years before the 20th century. #27605; Gasol and George? #24067; It was created by these two people. Although cubism presents an abstract geometric state, it actually depicts the real body. On these canvases? #24 179; Face? #29289; At the same time, the body presents different planes of objects from different angles. Cubism does not create the illusion of objects in space like artists since the Renaissance, but interprets objects in two dimensions on canvas. This innovation re-established the interaction between form and space, and changed the process of western art forever.

Dadaism

#36798; Da? #30340; The name itself has no meaning. It is used to solve an international phenomenon that is common from 19 15 to 1922. #2 1453; Art? #368 16; Move it. Its main activity center is the Voltaire Hotel in Zurich, which is composed of like-minded poets, painters, writers and musicians. #22 122; Sound? #38899; Music and spontaneous painting are experimental artistic activities in which * * * participates. Dadaism strongly opposes the established artistic forces and traditionalism, and its members are always ready to use their imagination by any means to create serious deviant events among mediocre and vulgar citizens. What are the typical Dadaism works? #296 16; Finished product? #65292; Imagine an ordinary object extracted from the original environment as? #33402; Surgery? #26469; Exhibition. Dadaism is a fanatical anti-rational movement, which laid the foundation for the emergence of surrealism in the 1920s.

Stylistism

19 17 by Special Olympics? #2096 1; ? #26460; Ford and Pete? #33945; Art movement and magazine initiated by Adrian in Holland. They believe that art should strive to achieve harmony, order and clarity in the process of continuous purification. Therefore, de stijl's works are all simple geometric figures, mainly using squares. The simplest elements that make up a picture are straight lines and pure primary colors. De stijl's goal is to have a philosophical attitude and use the concept of art to reflect the mystery and order of the universe. This action follows 193 1? #26460; Ford died, but it had a far-reaching impact on European architecture and practical art.

expressionism

Expressionism is an artistic force with Germany as the main center from 1905 to 1930. Expressionist painters intend to develop painting forms that can express inner feelings rather than the outside world. Their works are full of tension and passion and highly personalized. Their basic idea is to use canvas as a tool to express emotions. Strong, illusory colors and dramatic brushstrokes make typical expressionist works glow with vitality. So it's not hard to understand Vincent? #2096 1; ? #39640; That kind of rough painting technique and unique color application will be the source of inspiration for many expressionist painters.

fauvism

In an exhibition in Paris in 1905, the paintings in an exhibition room shone with pure and contrasting colors. They seem to be painted with fanatical passion. One critic called these works Fauvism (French, meaning? #37326; Beast? #65289; , hence the name. These? #37326; Beast? #33324; His works are characterized by obvious strong colors and dramatic brushstrokes, and with the depth of painting, a happy fantasy world with high emotions and colors is triggered.

futurism

The avant-garde art movement founded in Milan from 65438 to 0909. The goal of its members is to liberate Italy from its heavy past and show its modern glory. Futurist members are fascinated by modern machinery, transportation and communication equipment, so they use angular figures and powerful lines to express materialistic feelings in paintings and sculptures. One of the main characteristics of futuristic art is to capture speed and motion. Usually, several images depicting the same object or person move slightly at the same time to express a chaotic state.

gothic

The artistic style of European cathedrals prevailing in the Middle Ages (about 1 150 to 1500). At this time, the altar works are carefully crafted by imitating church buildings. Gothic painting and sculpture are characterized by depicting elongated figures, while painting rarely depicts three-dimensional space, and the perspective method used has no specific rules, which is difficult to convince people. By the end of 14 century, this style was more elegant and refined, and the interest in natural subjects increased. Detailed description of animals and plants has become a common feature of painting. Post-Gothic style has influenced many countries, so it is called international Gothic style.

impressionism

This painting movement began in France in the 1960s, 65438-09. Impressionist painters admire the amazing natural landscape of jujube trees in natural light, whether it is dawn, sunshine or dusk. They are fascinated by the relationship between light and color, and paint with pure color and free brushwork. They also fundamentally changed their choice of themes, avoiding traditional historical, religious or romantic themes and focusing on landscapes and daily life scenes. ? #2 1360; The name "Elephant Pie" comes from a reporter who watched Claude? #33707; Sunrise in Nai? #2 1360; An ironic remark after the item.

Dynamic art activity art

This name is used to describe the art that can concretely express real or superficial actions. This concept was first put forward in the 1920s, but it didn't become popular until 1950s and 1960s. Activity art can be quite simple (such as Alexander? #3277 1; Gerhard's device that vibrates with the wind can also be very complicated (such as Dinguri's sculpture operated by a motor). The name also applies to works of art that use light effects to create dynamic illusions for the audience.

be artificial/unnatural

As the development of Renaissance style, affectation is usually regarded as a reaction to the emphasis on harmony, order and perfection from15th century to16th century. This style is popular in Italy from 1520 to 1600. Its characteristics are bright to almost dazzling colors, complex composition, exaggerated characters and dynamic dramatization. ? #30699; The word "decoration" comes from Italian maniera, which means? #39 1 18; Ge? #65292; Specifically, it means elegance, balance and harmony. Over the centuries, the word has had many different meanings, but it is usually related to excessive skill, technology and frank expression of imaginative artists and their works.

Minimalism

Minimalism is a trend of painting and sculpture developed mainly in the United States in the 1960s and 1970s. As the name implies, minimalism refers to cutting the external form and pointing to the essence: purely abstract, objective and featureless, excluding external decoration or gesture. Minimalist painting is monochrome painting. Many square or linear structures are drawn by mathematical calculation, but it can arouse a sense of solemnity and existence. Sculptors use industrial processing methods and materials to add steel, and use plastics and even pipes to make a series of geometric shapes. This sculpture has no hallucinogenic characteristics. Minimalism can be regarded as a reversal of abstract expressionism which dominated the whole modern art in the 1990s and paid attention to emotional expression.

Nabis Nabi painting club

For 19, a small group of painters who were active in the 1980s, influenced by Paul? #39640; Inspired by solid color painting. The technique of this faction is like Morris, one of the members? #24503; What Tony said: # 19968; Before becoming a war horse, a naked woman or an anecdote, a painting is essentially a plane covered with color. ? #23485; Flat color blocks or patterns on a wide picture are the characteristics of Nabi's paintings. In addition to painting, this group is also interested in prints, posters, book illustrations, fabrics and drama design.

Neoclassicism, neo-expressionism and neo-romanticism.

What is the prefix Neo? #26032; ? #30340; It means to restore previous trends or ideas. For example,/kloc-neoclassicism, which developed in the second half of the 8th century, aims to return to classicism and reproduce the elegant style in ancient Greek and Roman art. In art and architecture, he likes lines and symmetry and often borrows ancient artistic styles. Neo-expressionism refers to some painters in America and Europe, especially in Germany, who wanted to revive the characteristics of expressionism in the late 1970s. Neo-expressionist works tend to be highly personalized, and the creative attitude is more enthusiastic and intense. Neo-romanticism refers to a strong drama form combining romanticism and surrealism in the 20th century.

Op Art light effect painting art (optical illusion art)

Abstract art movement developed in 1960s. Op art is the abbreviation of optical art, which is intended to develop a movement of human vision. It plays visual games with the audience by creating seemingly flickering and trembling images. Although the work of light effect art itself is static, its shape and color can cause visual movement.

Metaphysical painting

This art movement is 19 17 by George? #24503; ? #22522; Rico and Carlo? #2 1345; Los Angeles was founded in Italy. It is characterized by distorted perspective, unnatural light and strange images, and often uses mannequins or statues to replace the human body. This school of painters arranges objects in an illusory relationship, creating a fantastic magical atmosphere. In this respect, metaphysical painting has many similarities with surrealism, but unlike this, metaphysical painting pays attention to the rigor of composition and the value of architectural theory.

pop art

An art movement that appeared in Britain and America in 1950s was inspired by images of consumer society and popular culture. Comics, advertisements and mass products are all part of this movement. The characteristics of pop art books, such as Richard, one of its members? #2772 1; Milton said, is it? #3070 1; Temporary, popular, consumable, low-cost, mass-produced, young, creative, sexy, sleek, charming, big business? # 12290; This rough theme is usually emphasized by hard edges and photo-like techniques in painting, but little attention is paid to details in sculpture. Composite photos, combination art and collage are also common in pop art.

Pre-Raphael Brotherhood Pre-Raphael Sect

A group of young British artists named 1848. Frustrated by the decline of English painting, they tried to revive early Italian art before Raphael in the heyday of the Renaissance, such as Sandro? #27874; Ticelli and filippo? #2 1033; Compared with the sincerity in the works. Pre-Raphael painters often depict literary, historical and religious scenes, and often put forward moral comments on social behavior and social relations in their works. The works of this school are rich in texture and exquisite in details, which shows the painter's strong interest in the decorative characteristics of flowers and fabrics.

The Renaissance

People in the Middle Ages feared God, and churches were everywhere. Art at this time usually depicts heaven and saints. They seldom depict reality. But since the14th century, human beings have begun to realize their importance and influence in the world. This regeneration (or? #22797; Xing? #65289; Its significance is also reflected in art: the characters become more realistic, the space is more real, and religious stories begin to be described from the perspective of human nature. With the passage of time, from the early Giotto and Ma Saqiao style works to the peak of the Renaissance? #33452; With the immortal creation of Michelangelo and Raphael, it is easier for artists to reconstruct the image of the world on canvas, wet murals and altar paintings. Although the Renaissance is usually closely related to Italy, it also took place in Germany and Flanders north of the Alps. However, while Italian Renaissance artists focused on the creation of perspective and illusion space, Flemish and German Renaissance artists emphasized the presentation of the world around them with fine and gem-like descriptions.

Rococo rococo style

A relaxed and pleasant decorative style developed in France around 1700, and spread throughout Europe in 18 century. ? #2793 1; Coco? # 19968; The word comes from French rocaille, which means decorative shells or natural rocks used to decorate fountains or caves. Rococo art, which is dominated by interior decoration style, is characterized by charming, elegant and brisk atmosphere and light and soft colors. Its theme is often the glorious past and indecent love stories of nobles or upper-class people.

romanticism

/kloc-the art movement that prevailed in northern Europe and the United States from the end of 0/8th century to the beginning of 0/9th century. Romanticism is so diverse that it is difficult to explain it with a single definition. This school of artists abandons rational dogma and attaches importance to imagination and the expression of personal feelings. Their works often describe some special emotions, such as fear, loneliness, victory and sincere love. Romanticism officially ended in the middle of19th century, but this trend still exists in expressionism and neo-expressionism in the 20th century.

superrealism

Surrealism rose in France in the 1920s. Andre, the main theorist of this school? #2 1 187; What is the goal of surrealism? #35299; Solve the existing contradiction between dream and reality? #65292; This can be used in a wide range. Painters of this school often depict horrible and irrational scenes with photographic accuracy, create strange creatures with daily necessities, or develop painting skills that can make the subconscious appear. Although surreal works are symbolic, they still show a strange world, ranging from quiet dreams to nightmare fantasies.

symbolism

/kloc-a literary movement that prevailed in France at the end of 0/9. Symbolist painters deny realism and think that painting should express thoughts and psychological states, rather than simply describing the visible world. Their styles range from gorgeous and rich as jewels to pale and calm, but their interest lies in the expression beyond the world. Symbolists prefer religious or mythical themes. Other common themes are lust, death and sin.

Vorticism

19 14 the avant-garde art movement founded by Windham Lewis in Britain. ? #26059; Vorticism? #20043; Comments by Italian futurist painter Bochuni: # 25152; Creative art originates from the whirlpool of emotion. ? #2 1644; Like futurism, Vorticism adopts rough, angular and highly dramatic styles in painting and sculpture, aiming at capturing vitality and movement. Although this art movement did not last until after the First World War, it was the first important trend of British art towards abstraction.

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