1, FDM: rapid prototyping by melt deposition, mainly made of ABS and PLA.
Melt extrusion (FDM) process materials are generally thermoplastic materials, such as wax, ABS, PC, nylon and so on. Feed in the form of filaments. After heating, the material melts in the nozzle. The nozzle moves along the cross-sectional profile and filling trajectory of the part, and at the same time, the molten material is extruded, rapidly solidified and combined with the surrounding materials. Each layer is superimposed on the previous layer, which plays the role of positioning and supporting the current layer.
2.SLA: Stereolithography equipment, the main material is photosensitive resin.
Curing is the earliest rapid prototyping technology. Its principle is to polymerize liquid photosensitive resin according to photopolymerization principle. Under the irradiation of ultraviolet light with a certain wavelength (x = 325 nm) and intensity (w = 30 MW), liquid materials undergo rapid photopolymerization, and the molecular weight increases sharply, and the materials change from liquid to solid.
Curing is the most researched and mature technology at present. Generally, the layer thickness is between 0. 1 ~ 0. 15 mm, and the precision of the molded parts is relatively high.
3, 3DP: three-dimensional powder bonding, the main material powder materials, such as ceramic powder, metal powder, plastic powder.
Three-dimensional printing (3DP) technology was invented by EmanualSachs of MIT and others. 1989, e.m.Sachs applied for a patent for three-dimensional printing, which is one of the core patents in the field of amorphous droplet printing. 3DP process is similar to SLS process, and is made of ceramic powder, metal powder and other powder materials.
4. Selective laser sintering, main material powder material.
SLS process, also known as selective laser sintering, was developed by C.R. of the University of Texas at Austin at 1989. SLS process is made of powder material.
Coating powder on the upper surface of the molded part and scraping; High-intensity CO2 laser is used to scan the section of parts on new layers. Sintering the powder of the material together under the irradiation of high-intensity laser to obtain the cross section of the part, and bonding it to the lower molding part; After one stage of sintering, a new layer of material powder is spread and the next stage of selective sintering is carried out.
5.LOM: It is divided into physical manufacturing, and the main materials are paper, metal film and plastic film.
LOM process is called layeredentitymanufacturing, which was developed by MichaelFeygin of Helisys Company in the United States in 1986. The company introduced two types of molding machines, LOMO- 1050 and lomo-2030. LOM process uses film materials, such as paper and plastic film. The surface of the board is pre-coated with a layer of hot melt adhesive.
6.PCM: Moldless manufacturing technology
PCM (Mouldless Casting Manufacturing) was developed by Tsinghua University Laser Rapid Prototyping Center. Rapid prototyping technology is applied to the traditional resin sand casting process. Firstly, the CAD model of casting is obtained from the CAD model of parts. The profile information of section is obtained from STL file of casting CAD model, and then the control information is generated from layer information.