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Song of everlasting regret-Bai Juyi
original text
The emperor of China, eager to shake the beauty of an empire, has been in office for many years, searching and never finding it.
Until a child of the Yang family grew up in the inner room, almost before she grew up, and no one knew her.
However, due to the gift of heaven and no concealment, it was finally elected royal one day.
If she just turned her head and smiled, there were a hundred spells, and the powder and paint of six palaces disappeared without a trace.
It was early spring. They let her bathe in a pure pool to warm and smooth her creamy skin.
Because she was tired, a maid lifted her up, when the emperor noticed her for the first time and chose her as his bride.
On the night of spring, the warm hibiscus curtains covered her fluttering hair, petals on her cheeks and golden ripples on her head.
But the night in spring is short and the sun rises too fast. Since then, the emperor has given up his early hearing.
He wastes all his time on parties and revelry. He is the lover of spring and the tyrant of night.
There are other ladies in his court, 3,000 of whom are stunning beauties, but his love for 3,000 is concentrated on one person.
The golden house is dressed up to serve the night. When the table in the jade tower is cleaned, she will wander around and drink wine slowly.
Sisters and brothers are in this country because she illuminates and glorifies her family.
When a girl is born instead of a boy, she brings happiness to every father and mother in the empire.
... high rose plum palace, into the blue clouds, and the wide breeze carries magical notes.
Soft songs and slow dances, strings and bamboo music, the emperor's eyes can never stare at her.
Until the sound of drums came from Yuyang, which shocked the whole earth and broke the tune of rainbow skirts and feathers.
The Forbidden City, a nine-story palace, is hidden in the dust and travels southwest from thousands of chariots and horses.
The imperial flag opened the way, suddenly moving and stopping, 30 miles from the capital and passing the west gate.
People in the army stop, and no one will move until they are under their hooves. They may trample on those moths.
The gorgeous hairpin fell to the ground, and no one picked it up, a green and white Hosta and a golden hairy bird.
The emperor couldn't save her, so he had to cover his face. Later, when he turned to look, there was blood and tears.
Hidden in the yellow dust from the cold wind, they crossed a cloud line at the crack of the steeple path.
Under Emei Mountain. The last few came, and the flags and banners lost their colors in the fading sun.
But the water in Shu is always green and the mountains are always blue, so your majesty's love is constant and deeper than the sky.
He stared at the desolate moon from his temporary palace, and he heard the rain at dusk, cutting his chest.
Heaven and earth in last contact, the dragon car comes home, and the emperor never leaves.
The memory and pain are buried in the soil of Maweipo. Where is her white face? .
Rulers and lords, when their eyes met, cried on their coats. They rode horses, loosened the reins and slowly returned to the capital.
Pond, garden, palace, everything is the same as before, Taiye Lake hibiscus, Weiyang Palace willow.
But the petals are like her face, and the willow leaves are like her eyebrows. Whenever he looks at them, what can he do but cry? .
Peach and plum trees are in bloom. In the spring wind, after the autumn rain, the leaves fall to the ground.
The palaces in the west and south are scattered with evening grass, and the steps are piled with red leaves that are not swept.
(one day flowering: flowering at night; Nannei Yizhou: Nanyuan)
Bai Fuxin, a disciple of Li Yuan, and eunuchs in her pepper yard. .
Fireflies were flying on the throne, and he was meditating in the twilight. , he will extend the wick to its end and still never fall asleep. ..
Bells and drums will slowly ring the long night, and before dawn, the Milky Way in the sky will become clear.
And the porcelain mandarin ducks on the roof grow thick morning frost, and the jade is cold, so who and who * * *.
The distance between life and death is year after year, but no beloved soul has visited his dream.
There lived a Taoist priest in Lingqiong. He was a guest in the sky and could summon the gods through his concentration.
People were moved by the emperor's constant meditation, and they begged the Taoist priest to see if he could find her.
He opened a path in space, like lightning, cut through the sky, up and down, looking for it everywhere.
Above, he looked for the green void, below, the yellow spring, but he didn't find the one he was looking for in two places.
Then he heard a narrative about the magical island at sea, and the mountains were in nothingness.
There are pavilions in the five-color sky, and exquisite immortals walk back and forth.
And one of them, they call it forever true, has a face like her snow and flowers.
So he went to the golden gate of the West Hall, knocked on the Jasper Gate, and asked a girl named Small jade to tell Shuang Perfect.
This lady, after hearing the news of Emperor China's envoy, woke up from her dream in her canopy.
She pushed open the pillow, got dressed, shook off her drowsiness, opened the pearly curtain, and then opened the silver screen.
Because she left in such a hurry, her muddy hair ornaments hung aside, and when she came along the platform, her flowered hat was loose.
A breeze blew her cloak and fluttered with her movements, as if she were dancing with a rainbow skirt and feather coat.
Tears fell from her sad pale face, just like the spring rain on pear flowers.
(Lan Tong: column; Fluttering: floating)
But when she asked him to thank her monarch, her eyes shone with love. Since they separated, her form and voice were unfamiliar to her.
Because happiness ends in the courtyard of the sun, the moon and dawn become long in the palace of Xianshan.
But when she turned to look down at the earth and tried to see the capital, there was only fog and dust.
He expressed his love for the old man and sent him back a shell box and gold hairpin through his special envoy.
However, one branch of the hairpin and one side of the box were kept, and the gold of the hairpin and the shell of the box were broken.
"Our souls belong to each other," she said, "just like this gold and this shell." Somewhere, at some time, on earth or in heaven, we will be together.
She sent him a message through his messenger, reminding him that only the hearts of the two of them knew the oath.
On the seventh day of July, in the Palace of Eternal Life, we secretly told each other in the quiet midnight world.
We hope to fly in heaven, two birds become one and grow on the earth, two branches of a tree. ..
The earth endures, and the sky endures; One day both will end, and this endless sadness will last forever.
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The emperor of the Tang dynasty longed for beautiful women, and he ascended the throne for many years, but he never got what he wanted.
Yang's daughter grew up in a boudoir and was unknown at first.
God created beauty, and she was finally elected to the court of the Ming emperor.
She looked back and smiled, with a variety of amorous feelings, and her appearance overwhelmed the palace full of concubines.
In early spring, Ming Taizu sent her to Huaqing Pool to take a bath, and the hot spring water caressed her jade-like skin.
The maid held her delicate body, which was a prelude to the king's favor.
The hair is lined with beauty, and the pearls are in perfect harmony, enjoying the joy of spring night in the embroidered account.
The daughter of Spring Night is really anxious, and Ming Di, a gentle town, is reluctant to leave.
She talks and laughs all the time, accompanied by spring outing, and stays in the bedroom at night.
All the beautiful women in the harem have charm, and only she is loved by 3,000 people.
She dresses up every night to win your favor, and she drinks her youth in Yulou.
Sisters and brothers followed her to the top, rich and powerful, and suddenly became giants.
Parents all over the world are moved not to have sons, but to have daughters.
The Palace Que of Mount Li is towering into the sky, and the palace music is sent with the wind and can be heard everywhere.
How wonderful the Ming emperors enjoyed and could not see the silk and bamboo songs and dances all day.
The rebel alarm from Yuyang broke the tone of Caiyu.
The capital was also invaded by the scourge of war, and the fleeing royal teams rushed to Shu Road.
The son of heaven hurried to rest, only a hundred miles west of Chang 'an.
Guards refused to March, but Ming Di made a letter, and the imperial concubine died before the horse.
Her relics are scattered all over the floor, such as white jade hairpin, golden phoenix hairpin and pearls.
Ming Chengzu, who had no rescue plan, covered his face. When he looked back, he could not stop crying.
The bleak hate platform is filled with yellow dust and climbs along the winding plank road to Jiange.
There are few people on Mount Emei, and the flag is dim in the dim sunlight.
Ming Taizu's thoughts are always there from morning till night.
Seeing the moonlight in the palace made the emperor uncomfortable, and smelling the bells in the rain at night made people feel sad.
Things got better, and the Emperor returned, passing Maweipo on the way, and couldn't help wandering around.
In the loess under Mawei slope, she fell asleep and never saw Yu Yan alive again.
You look at me and I look at you. It's very sad. I believe Ma Dongxing will return to Chang 'an.
The palaces in Chang 'an are still the same, with lotus flowers in the pool and wicker in Weiyang Palace.
Lotus flowers like her face and willow leaves like her eyebrows make people not cry.
Whether it's the spring breeze of peaches and plums, the sun is shining high, or the autumn night rain hits the phoenix tree.
The south of Nishimiya is covered with mournful hay, and the red leaves are piled high.
At that time, the children of the pear garden added 20 cents, and the female officials in the empresses' palace were old.
At dusk, the fireflies in the bedroom are sad and still unable to sleep.
The autumn night is getting longer, the bells and drums are winding slowly, the milky way is flashing, and the day is about to break.
The Yuanyang tile is frosted, and the jade is empty. Who is lonely in lovesickness?
Life and death are long, and after years of suffering, she has never been here in a dream.
Lin Qiong Taoist is a guest of Hongdumen, and he can attract the dead with his pious mind.
He felt Ming Di's deep yearning and was willing to pursue it tirelessly with the help of magic.
Riding a cloud like lightning into the sky, asking questions everywhere.
From the blue sky to the yellow stratum, there are no beautiful images in both places.
Suddenly I heard Penglai fairyland on the sea, and the fairy mountain was illusory.
Exquisite pavilions, colorful clouds around, the fairy in the building is soft and light.
One of the fairy's fine print is so true that she looks like an Iraqi.
Jin Que was in front of the Jade in the West Chamber. Wu Xiaoyu asked and told Dong Shuangcheng.
The ladies-in-waiting informed the envoys of Ming Chengzu that they woke up from a deep sleep in the fairy account.
She put on her clothes, left the bed, wandered around, lifted the bead curtain and sat on the silver screen.
She was half-cocked, still sleepy when she woke up, and Corolla was not neat, so she went out to pick her up.
The long sleeves were gently blown up by the wind, just like the scene of dancing in those days.
A sad face is full of tears, like a pear flower with raindrops in spring.
She gazed at the king affectionately, and since then her voice and appearance have disappeared.
When the love affair between human beings was cut off in Zhaoyang Hall, a long fairy tale was unbearable in Penglai Palace.
Looking back at the distant world below, I can't see Chang 'an, but I can see the vast fog and dust.
I can only send my heart as a token of the past. Please take this box of gold hairpin back to court.
Chai Jin kept a cymbal box and a fan, and Chai Jin broke the golden cymbal box and divided the jewels equally.
As long as the king's heart is as firm as gold, there will always be reunion in heaven and earth.
When I left, I spoke again, sincerely, and there was an oath that both of us knew.
On Tanabata that year, there was no one in the Fairy Hall in the middle of the night. She booked an afterlife with Ming Taizu.
I would like to be a pair of birds in the sky, and I would like to be a pine and cypress on the ground.
Forever or in the end, only this endless hatred is endless.
Keyword annotation
Han Di: Originally Liu Che, the emperor of the Han Dynasty. This refers to Li Longji, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. The literary creation of Tang people is often called Tang in Chinese.
Heavy color: love women. Fall in love with the country: a stunning woman Li Yannian sang a song to Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty: "There are beautiful women in the north, and they are peerless and independent. Take care of the city first, then the country. I'd rather not know this country and the whole city, and it's hard to get another beauty. " Later, "falling in love with the country" became synonymous with beauty.
Yu Yu: If you control space, you can rule the world. Han Jiayi's On Qin: "Make good use of long-term strategies to levy internal forces"
The Yang family has a daughter named Yang Xuanyan, the patriarch of the family, who was raised by his uncle Jue since childhood. At the age of 17 (in the 23rd year of Kaiyuan), Li Mao, the son of Xuanzong, conferred the title of princess. At the age of twenty-seven, he was canonized as a imperial concubine by Xuanzong. Bai Juyi called it "born in the inner room, no one knows her", and the author deliberately avoided it for the emperor.
Beauty: Beautiful figure.
Liugong Daidai: refers to all the concubines in the palace. The ancient emperor set up six palaces, namely the master bedroom (where daily government affairs were handled) and the Yan bedroom (where people rested), which were collectively called the six palaces. Make-up: Make-up is women's cosmetics. Powder is used to wipe the face, and makeup is used to stroke the eyebrows. This generation refers to the women in the sixth house. No color: it means that everyone has lost their beautiful appearance by contrast.
Huaqingchi: Huaqingchi Hot Spring is located at the foot of Lishan Mountain in the south of Lintong District, Xi. Tangquan Palace was built in the 18th year of Zhenguan in Tang Dynasty (644), renamed Wenquan Palace in the 2nd year of Xianheng (67 1), and renamed Huaqing Palace after being expanded in the 6th year of Tianbao (747). Tang Xuanzong lived here every winter and spring.
Coagulation: describes the skin as white, tender and moist, just like coagulated fat. The Book of Songs Feng Wei said that "skin is like frozen fat".
Waiter: Maid in waiting.
New Town Enze: Just got the favor of the emperor.
Cloud edge: Mulan's poem: "The window is decorated with clouds, and the mirror is painted yellow". Describe the female temple as beautiful as a cloud. Jin Buyao: A kind of gold jewelry, which is coiled with gold and silver wires into the shape of flowers, decorated with hanging beads and the like, inserted in the hair temples and swayed when walking.
Lotus curtain: A curtain embroidered with lotus flowers. Describe the subtleties of this narrative. Xiao Gang's Thirteen Rhymes of Xie Huilian: Pearl Curtain, Jade Curtain and Lotus Curtain.
Spring night: wedding night.
Kerry 3,000: History of the Empress of the Later Han Dynasty: Since Wu Yuan, the world has increased the cost of whoring and even abandoned the imperial court for 3,000. There are many women in the harem. According to the Biography of Eunuchs in the Old Tang Dynasty, there were 40,000 maids in Chang 'an Damei, Daming, Xingqing Palace, Taizi Tenth Palace, Huangsun Baisun Courtyard, Dudong Damei and Shangyang Palace during the Kaiyuan and Tianbao years.
It is recorded in The Story of Hanwu that when Emperor Wu was young, his aunt held him in her lap and asked him if he wanted his daughter Gillian to be his wife. He smiled and replied, "If you get Gillian, you should hide it in a golden house."
Land laying: sublet land. According to the Biography of Empresses in the Old Tang Dynasty, Yang Guifei had three sisters, and Xuanzong was named the wife of the country. Old aunt, Mrs. Han. Third Aunt, Mrs. Guo Feng. Aunt Ba, Mrs. Feng Qin. The princess's father, Xuanzang, gave the gift to Qiu and Duke Qi. Mother sealed Mrs. Guo Liang. Uncle Jessica Hester Hsuan is Guang Luqing. Then starting with my brother, I became a great scholar. Kun is Princess Taihua, a person who loves war. From his ancestral brothers to the country, he is the right prime minister. Sister. Sister.
Unfortunately: cute and enviable.
Happiness when giving birth to a girl instead of a boy: According to Chen Hong's "Song of Eternal Sorrow" and "Biography of Bai Juyi's Ancient Poems", there were some folk songs at that time, such as "Don't be sad and unhappy when giving birth to a girl, don't like when giving birth to a man", "Men should not be concubines of married women, but look at women as a threshold" and so on.
Mount Lishan Huaqing Palace. Mount Li is in Lintong County, Shaanxi Province today.
Condensed silk bamboo: refers to the soothing melody accompanied by stringed instruments and wind instruments.
Yuyang: County name, which governs Pinggu County in Beijing and Jixian County in Tianjin. At that time, it was under the jurisdiction of An Lushan, the capital of Pinglu, Fanyang and Hedong. In the winter of the 14th year of Tianbao (755), An Lushan rebelled in Fanyang. A small drum used by ancient cavalry, referring to war.
Niyi Song: The name of dance music is said to have been presented by Yang, the messenger of the West Cool during the Kaiyuan period of Tang Dynasty. Later, it was polished and written by Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, and the name was changed. Music deliberately expresses illusory fairyland and fairy images.
Jiuchongchengque: the capital of Jiuchongmen, referring to Chang 'an. Smoke: refers to the occurrence of war. Que refers to the buildings on both sides of the ancient palace, generally referring to the palace or the residence of the emperor. Nine Debates on Chu Ci: The Gate of Jun is nine fold.
Heading southwest from hordes: In June of the 15th year of Tianbao (756), An Lushan broke through Tongguan and approached Chang 'an. Xuanzong led Yang Guifei and others out of Yanqi Gate and fled to the southwest. At that time, there were not many accompanying guards, and "thousand riding" was an exaggeration. Ride: one person rides a ride.
Cuihua sentence: Li Longji westbound to Mayi Post (now Xingping, Shaanxi), more than a hundred miles away from Chang 'an. He was forcibly attacked by the guards and stopped moving forward. Please punish Yang He for his injustice. Xuanzong had to do this to protect himself.
Cuihuaqi: a flag decorated with kingfisher feathers, used by the emperor's honor guard. Sima Xiangru's "On": The flag is raised and the drum is drummed. Hundred Li: refers to Mawei slope which is more than 100 Li away from Chang 'an.
Sixth Army: refers to the emperor's army. Zhou Li Shimonoseki Sima: Wang Liujun. According to the old and new records in the Records of Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty and Zi Jian, in June of the 15th year of Tianbao (756), Ge went to Tongguan, where he was forced to surrender to An Lushan, but Tongguan failed to hold it, and the capital was in chaos. Xuanzong seeks to benefit Shu, but he is personally levied by imperial edict. After the battle, the scholars were horrified. In the early morning of the next day, Xuanzong fled from Yanqiu Gate, accompanied by only the prime ministers Yang and Wei, who served Gao Lishi, the prince, the prince and the princess, and the emperor and grandson were more than enough. On the day of Chen Bing at Erma Post Station (now north of Xingping County, Shaanxi Province), the armies did not enter. Chen, the general of Longwu, plays: On the contrary, in the name of punishing loyalty and serving the country, Chinese and foreign people have endless grievances. Today, it is shocking that the country is hard to resist and take advantage of the situation. Your majesty should be partial and comprehensive, and it is a big plan for the country. Those who are loyal to their country can be brought to justice. The messenger of Tubo told the post office that Yang even plotted against the barbarians. Soldiers surrounded the post and took control of Yang and Wei, but the soldiers still didn't solve it. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty ordered Gao Lishi to slap him in the face. He replied, "The generals punished the loyalty of the country, and the imperial concubine was in the palace, so people were afraid. Xuanzong ordered Lux to give the imperial concubine suicide.
Wan zhuan: describes the sad and lingering appearance of a beautiful woman before she dies. Moth eyebrow: the name of ancient beauty, referring to Yang Guifei. Feng Wei in the Book of Songs said: A cicada's head flies with a moth eyebrow.
Flower-shaped jewelry made of jade jewelry. Entrust land: discard it on the ground.
Cuiqiao: Jewelry, shaped like the tail of a bluebird. Goldfinch: Goldfinch is shaped like a phoenix (called Suzaku in ancient times). Jade scratch head: jade hairpin. "Miscellanies of Xijing" Volume II: Emperor Wu was out of date and scratched his head with a jade hairpin. Since then, people in the harem have scratched their heads with jade.
Cloud stack: a plank road high into the sky. Yíngyū: Winding and coiling. Jiange: Also known as Jianmenguan, in the north of Jiange County in Sichuan today, it is the main road for Qin to enter Shu. The mountain here is like a sword, the cliff here is broken, and the two mountains are like doors. Zhuge Liang chiseled stones and crossed the plank road in the air when he was in Shu.
Emei Mountain: In today's Emei Mountain in Sichuan. Xuanzong didn't pass Emei Mountain on his way to Shu, which generally refers to the high mountain of Shu.
Palace: the temporary residence of the emperor when he is not in Beijing.
Ringing bells in the rain at night: Addendum to Ming Taizu's Miscellaneous Notes: Ming Taizu was lucky enough to travel southwest. When I first entered the inclined valley, it rained for more than ten days and I smelled it in the rain on the plank road.
The bell corresponds to the mountain. On earth, I mourn the imperial concubine and choose her voice as "Lin Yuling's Song" to express my regret. "Here alludes to this matter. After that, "Yulinling" became the epigraph name of Song Ci.
Everything turns around: refers to the improvement of the situation. In 757, Guo Ziyi army regained Chang 'an. Huilongguan: The emperor's car is back.
That memory, that pain. Where is her white face? According to Biography of Empresses in the Old Tang Dynasty, Xuanzong returned from Shu, ordered envoys to pay tribute to Yang Guifei, and ordered him to be reburied in his original place. At the beginning, the boil was covered with a purple mattress, the skin was rotten, and the sachet was still there. Officials offered sacrifices, and the emperor watched sadly, making it look like a different temple, watching day and night.
Believe in the horse: it means to beat the horse unintentionally and let the horse go forward.
Grandpa: There is a grandfather pool in the Han Palace. Weiyang Palace: There was Weiyang Palace in Han Dynasty. This refers to the Chang 'an Palace in Tang Dynasty.
Xigong Nanyuan: The palace is called ouchi. West Palace is Tai Chi Palace in the west and Xingqing Palace in the south. After Xuanzong returned to Beijing, he first lived in Nannei. In the first year of Shangyuan (760), under the guise of Su Zong, the right official Li coerced Xuanzong to move westward and exiled his cronies Gao Lishi and Chen.
Liyuan disciple: refers to the musicians and dancers trained by Xuanzong in that year. Liyuan: According to the Records of Rites and Music in the New Tang Dynasty, the institution that taught music in the Xuanzong Palace in the Tang Dynasty once sent 300 people to coach singing and dancing, and has always been called "the disciples of the Emperor's Liyuan".
Pepper House: The residence of empresses is called pepper house because it is made of pepper and mud. Supervisor: the maid in the palace follows. Qing 'e: Young maid-in-waiting. According to the Records of Baiguan in the Book of the New Tang Dynasty, there is a supervisor and a deputy supervisor in Neiguan Palace, depending on the seven items.
Pick out the lonely lamp: In ancient times, oil lamps were used for lighting. In order to make the light on, you should pick up the oil-soaked lamp grass later. Pick it up, it means it's late at night. According to the press, the palace of the Tang Dynasty lit candles instead of oil lamps at night, aiming at describing the bitterness of Xuanzong's living environment in his later years.
Delay: slow. It turns out that the starting and ending time of bells and drums is used here to describe Xuanzong's mood when he can't sleep at night.
Sadness: the appearance of dusk. Want to dawn: When will the night dawn?
Yuanyang tile: tiles put together on the roof. "The Biography of the Three Kingdoms Shu Wei Ji Fang" contains: Two tiles of Wendi's dream house fell to the ground and turned into a pair of mandarin ducks. The roof tiles are combined with each other, which is called yin-yang tile, also known as Yuanyang tile. Frost flower: Frost flower.
Emerald blanket: A quilt embroidered with jade birds. Chu Ci evokes the soul: jade beaded quilt, rotten Guang Qi. Said it was precious. Who and * * *: Who and * * *.
In Lingqiong, there lived a Tianke Taoist: It means that a Taoist came to Chang 'an from Lin Qiong. Lin Qiong: In today's Qionglai County, Sichuan Province. Hongdu: the palace gate of Luoyang, the capital of the Eastern Han Dynasty
Name, here refers to Chang 'an. History of the Emperors in the Later Han Dynasty: In February of the first year of Guanghe, he began to set up a bachelor's degree in Hongdumen.
Soul: Attracting the dead soul of Yang Guifei.
Alchemist: A person with magic power. This refers to Taoist priests. Diligence: Do your best.
Empty and control qi: that is, walk on the clouds.
Poverty: exhausted, looking everywhere. Blue sky: the sky. Yellow: underground.
Fairy Mountain on the Sea: The Historical Records, the Closed Sutra, the Mystery, the Messenger's Asking for Penglai, the Abbot and Yingzhou are three sacred mountains, which spread in Bohai Sea.
Exquisite: gorgeous and exquisite. Five clouds: colorful clouds.
Elegance: lightness and femininity. Zhuangzi's Pleasure Tour: From the mountain shot from the ancient hills, God and people live together, and their skin is like ice and snow, and they are graceful as virgins.
Uneven: it seems, almost.
Jin Que: Magnolia Taiping Volume 66. Quote Dadong Yujing: In Qing Dynasty, there were two palaces, the left entrance and the right entrance. West Chamber: Er Ya Shi Gong: There is a Japanese temple in the east and west chambers. The west wing is on the right. Tim: Yumen. That is, the change of jade que.
I also asked a girl named Yingying to tell Shuangjue: It means that there are many courtyards in Xianfu, and it has to be made public. Xiao Yu: Fu Cha, Wu Wang. Twin cities: the legendary maid of the Western Empress Dowager. Here all refer to Yang Guifei's fairy maid.
Jiuhua account: A beautifully embroidered account. Jiuhua: heavy flower pattern. Exquisite words and descriptions. Biography of Empresses in Song Dynasty: Zhao Yang's Wheel in Han Dynasty, Wei Jiuhua's photo.
Bead foil: bead curtain. Silverscreen: A screen decorated with silver. You: One by one. New sleep: I just woke up. Sleep, wake up
May: sleeves.
Jade capacity is lonely: this refers to the bleak and sad look. Dry: criss-crossing. Tears are everywhere here.
Concentration (dì): Gaze.
Zhaoyang Hall: the bedroom of Zhao, the favorite concubine of Emperor Hancheng. This refers to the palace where Yang Guifei lived.
Penglai Palace: the legendary fairy mountain on the sea. This refers to the imperial concubine's residence in Xianshan.
Humans.
Old things: refers to the pledge of Xuanzong's engagement before his death.
Send it: ask the Taoist priest to bring it back.
Chai left two words: divide the golden hairpin and the cymbal box into two halves and keep half for yourself. Break up: separate. Divide cymbals: Divide the pattern on the cymbal box into two parts.
Re-delivery message: the imperial concubine is paying attention to saying goodbye and asking him to take a message.
Two hearts know: only Xuanzong and Guifei know.
Immortal Palace: Huaqing Palace in Lishan Mountain was built in the first year of Tianbao (742). According to July, the following six sentences are made up by the author. Chen Yinque said in Bai Yuan's Poems, Song of Eternal Sorrow and Ancient Poems of Bai Juyi: "The private oath in the Palace of Eternal Life on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month was an added story, which was not true at that time." "Xuanzong Linxing Wentang will be in the cold winter and early spring. Today, I have carefully examined the two books of Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, and I have never been lucky in the hot summer. " The so-called longevity hall is not the longevity hall of Huaqing Palace, but the customary name of the bedroom hall of Chang 'an Palace.
Two-winged bird: the legendary bird name. It is said that only one eye and one wing can fly together.
Connecting branches: Two tree trunks embrace each other. The ancients often used these two things to express the love of husband and wife and never separate.
Hate: regret. Continuous: continuous.
Creation background
In the first year of Yuanhe (806), Bai Juyi was appointed as county commandant (now Xi zhouzhi county). One day, my friends Chen Hong and Wang Zhifu and I visited Xianyou Temple near Ant, and talked about Li Longji and Yang Guifei. Wang Zhifu believes that something as outstanding as this will disappear with the passage of time if it is not polished. He encouraged Bai Juyi: "Lotte is deeper than poetry and deeper than love. How about trying to make a song? " So Bai Juyi wrote this long poem. Chen Hong also wrote the legendary novel Song of Eternal Sorrow and Bai Juyi's Biography of Ancient Poems.
works appreciation
Ever since Song of Eternal Sorrow and Bai Juyi's ancient poems came out, their themes have been the focus of debate among readers. There are also very different views. There are generally three kinds: one is the theme of love. It is a love poem praising Li Yang. And affirm their sincerity and persistence in love; The second is the political theme theory. It is believed that the focus of the poem lies in allegory, exposing the "endless hatred" inevitably brought by "the emperor of China, whose lust may shake the beauty of an empire", and condemning the debauchery of the Tang and Ming emperors that led to the Anshi Rebellion, so as to admonish the later monarchs; The third is the dual theme theory. It is believed that it is a mixture of exposing and praising unity, irony and sympathy, which not only shed tears of sympathy, but also blamed on political misconduct and resentment. How, still want to analyze from the work itself.
Poetry can be divided into four levels:
The first layer, from "the emperor of China, lust is enough to shake the beauty of an empire" to "the emperor's eyes can't stare at her enough", describes how Tang Xuanzong emphasized color and sought color before the Anshi Rebellion, and finally got Yang Guifei, "If she just turned to smile, she would have a hundred spells." After the imperial concubine entered the palace, she was arrogant and extravagant. She not only "inherited her kindness", but also "listed all her sisters and brothers in the soil". After repeatedly rendering the imperial concubine of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, she was completely addicted to singing, dancing and drinking. The first sentence of the book not only implies the tragic factor of the story, but also plays a role in arousing and guiding the whole poem;
The second layer, from "until the war drum, from the boom of Yuyang, the earth shook" to "when he turned to look later, it was a land of blood and tears", describing the Anshi rebellion, Xuanzong's escape, being forced to give the imperial concubine the death penalty, and writing the "Song of Eternal Sorrow" is the basis of the tragic story. The poet deliberately played down the Anshi chaos caused by Xuanzong's extravagance and wrong country, and deliberately described where they would go. Readers are infected by the tragic atmosphere, rather than rational criticism of history. Chen Hong's Song of Eternal Sorrow and Biography of Bai Juyi's Ancient Poems say that "punishing the stunner and suppressing chaos" is a problem with a straight face and cannot be used as the writing motivation of this poem;
The third layer, from "hiding in the yellow dust blown by a cold wind" to "not dreaming", describes the loneliness and sadness in Shu after Yang Guifei's death, which is a kind of "sad color" and "heartbroken sound". When Chang 'an returned to Korea after the recovery, that depression was more important than Ma Wei and that memory. Where is her white face? . After returning to the palace, Chi Yuan remained the same, and things were different, and the lingering acacia made people sad;
The fourth layer, from "there is a Taoist who lives in Lingqiong" to "this worry is endless", describes that Xuanzong sent alchemists to find the soul of Yang Guifei, focusing on his loneliness and sad memories of his past love life. The poet used romanticism from heaven to earth, and finally let the imperial concubine reappear the fairyland on the illusory fairy mountain with the image of "tears falling down her sad white face like spring rain hitting pear flowers". The catharsis of "emotion" has gone beyond the emotional entanglement between emperors and concubines, and is more of a poet's subjective ideal element, which has already gone beyond the scope of historical facts, showing the contradiction and conflict between subjective desire and objective reality.
The last sentence "everlasting, everlasting; One day both will end, and this endless sorrow will last forever "is a sigh and cry of love, which is a kind of lament. Love is spread by fate and destroyed by political ethics.". This hatred has transcended time and space and entered an infinite realm. In this way, the poet expressed eternal love with "everlasting regret", that is, pointed out the theme of the whole poem.
Brief introduction of the author
Bai Juyi (772-846), a native of Xinzheng, Henan Province, was born in Taiyuan, Lotte, Xiangshan, and drunk. He was a great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty and one of the three great poets in the Tang Dynasty. Bai Juyi and Yuan Zhen * * * advocated the new Yuefu movement, and together with Liu Yuxi, they called the world "Bai Yuan" and "Bai Liu". Bai Juyi's poems have a wide range of themes, diverse forms and simple and popular language, and are known as "the poet's magic" and "the king of poets". Official to Hanlin bachelor, Zuo Zanshan doctor. In 846 AD, Bai Juyi died in Luoyang and was buried in Xiangshan. Up to now, there are Bai's "Changqing Collection", and the representative works include Song of Eternal Sorrow, Charcoal Man, Pipa Travel and so on.