The increase of leisure time in China has greatly enriched people's lives. At the same time, people's leisure consumption ability is constantly improving, and the consumption for catering, shopping, tourism, fitness and entertainment has increased greatly compared with before. This indicates that people have turned from meeting the basic needs of reality to yearning for spiritual life, from the traditional production-consumption mode to consumption-production mode, and people have begun to enter a new stage of all-round development from a limited stage. ■ Keywords: stimulating the pressure of consumption blowout and profiteering in holiday economy.
The Golden Week officially started on 1 1 of 1999. At that time, the State Council issued a special document, the main purpose of which was to stimulate consumption and stimulate domestic demand. Due to the anniversary of the National Day and the weather, 1999 "Eleventh" tourism was not popular.
Spring is a good time to travel. During the Golden Week of May 1, 2000, people took advantage of the long vacation to travel. Most traditional tourist attractions are crowded with people. At that time, the media used "blowout" to describe this sudden tourist tide. We saved the year.
Taishan Scenic Area has set a record of receiving more than 50,000 people a day, and this record has not been broken so far. At stations and scenic spots, people wait in line for cars and other ropeways for hours. Tickets are difficult to buy, rooms are difficult to book, and cars are difficult to travel ... This scene is still vivid to many people.
Crowds of tourists jostle shoulder to shoulder, which makes all the tourist attractions, hotels, transportation and catering feel unprecedented pressure, resulting in profiteering and cheating, and the prices of accommodation and catering have doubled.
From then on, people were surprised to find that there was so much "gold" in the Golden Week. The media used "pots full of pots" to describe the gains of merchants and "holiday economy" to describe the new impetus of the Golden Week. Since then, charter flights and special trains have entered people's sight, and the number of people traveling abroad with passports has also increased. That is, from then on, the real mass tourism boom began. ■ Keywords: cold and warm line diversion tourism forecast holiday office scenic spot capacity dark horse
The concentrated outbreak of passenger flow in the early Golden Week not only made people see the potential of tourism, but also exposed the practical problems and supply and demand bottlenecks in tourism on a large scale. A large number of blind tourists gather in traditional cultural scenic spots, which brings new challenges to the management of scenic spots. The crowded travel process brings many people a feeling of suffering instead of happiness. Is this a tour?
The government took action. On the one hand, we began to vigorously promote some non-mainstream cold and warm routes, on the other hand, we began to set up holiday offices, launched a tourism forecasting system, included hot spots in the monitoring scope, released dynamic tourism information through the media, and macro-controlled the direction of passenger flow to guide tourists to avoid tourist peaks and hot spots. At the same time, the optimal capacity of some scenic spots was announced. Under this capacity, people's sightseeing is comfortable, and the pressure of scenic spots is also within a reasonable range.
Some emerging tourist destinations, especially mountain tourist attractions with large capacity, have risen rapidly and become the "dark horse" of the market. For example, the popularity of Mengyin Mengshan is an example. Among many forest parks, it is the first to play the brand of "natural oxygen bar", and the number of tourists in the Golden Week even exceeds Mount Tai. This kind of "dark horse" case is not uncommon in the development of the Golden Week, and it happens every year. For example, the later Jiangbei Watertown Liaocheng, Yishui Underground Wonder Tourist Area, Qingdao Underwater World, etc. They all took advantage of the golden week's favorable weather, geographical location and people, and quickly became popular. The Golden Week has therefore become the "touchstone" of the scenic spot.
With the development of the Golden Week and the concern of all walks of life for holiday tourism, there are more and more information channels for tourists, and they are becoming more and more rational in tourism consumption. This effectively eased the contradiction between supply and demand of Golden Week tourism.
■ Keywords: Cancel the paid vacation dispute
governmental
Macro-control objectively plays a role in guiding passenger flow and market. However, the controversy or doubt that accompanied the Golden Week has never been broken. Is the consumption pattern and institutional arrangement of these 7-day National Day holidays a big advantage or a big disadvantage? In this regard, there are two completely different views: one is to retain the Golden Week system, and the other is to cancel the Golden Week and replace it with paid vacation. Some public opinions have also given suggestions such as "decentralized holidays" and "zoning".
However, the reality that people face is that although "paid vacation" has been stipulated in principle in law, in practice, there are not many units that can really implement it. For most people, "paid" and "fake" leisure methods are only theoretical ideas.
A few days ago, the National Holiday Office also fully affirmed the rationality of the Golden Week. The person in charge said that under the constraints of many factors such as small coverage, inadequate implementation and short weekend time, it is impossible to travel long distances. Public holidays with the basic feature of covering all citizens not only meet the actual needs of the people, but also conform to the traditional concept of attaching importance to the family in China, creating conditions for family outings.
Statistics from the tourism sector also provide evidence. For example, in the "Eleventh" in 2000, our province received 5.092 million tourists, and in the "Eleventh" in 2004, it reached 65.438+0.07784 million, and the total tourism revenue increased from 2.078 billion yuan to 5.607 billion yuan. Since the implementation of the Golden Week, the country has received a total of 654.38+0.7 billion tourists, with a rapid growth trend in the three Golden Weeks every year. From 2000 1 1 month to May 2005 1 day, the total national tourism revenue was 429.2 billion yuan.
For the vast number of tourists, the Golden Week has become a festival of expectation. Moreover, paid vacation and Golden Week are completely complementary, not antagonistic. Keywords: leisure, balance, rationality, self-driving lifestyle, respect for the market
The Golden Week entered its seventh year, and the discussion about the "seven-year itch" of the Golden Week spread. The fact that supports this view is that the golden week reception of travel agencies began to encounter waterloo, which was not as good as before.
This is just a small profile. It is understood that although the tourist reception of provincial capital travel agencies showed a downward trend during the Golden Week, this is not enough to show that the Golden Week has lost its charm, which is precisely a more rational and balanced performance of the market.
It is reported that around 1999, there were only about 500 tourist attractions in our province. At present, according to the data held by the Provincial Tourism Bureau, there are more than 800 scenic spots selling tickets. With the richness of various tourism products such as ecology, humanities, fitness, leisure and amusement, the market capacity of tourist attractions in our province has greatly increased. Take Jinan as an example. In just a few years, in addition to the three major scenic spots in the urban area, more than 40 scenic spots of different types have appeared in the suburbs of Jinan, forming a recreational belt around the city with rich contents. If you add free scenic spots, the market capacity will be even worse.
In addition, people's travel modes are becoming more and more diversified, and the development trend from sightseeing to leisure has begun to appear. More and more tourists are no longer satisfied with a hasty sightseeing tour, but pay more attention to the quality of leisure, and are more willing to stay in the scenic spot with their families or friends for a few more days. The growth of groups in go on road trip makes the choice of these tourists more flexible, and they don't have to be subject to traffic conditions like group tourists. The traffic conditions in our province are very convenient, which also increases the market capacity to some extent.
Relevant persons of Holiday Office of Shandong Provincial Tourism Bureau believe that the development of Golden Week really makes tourism a way of life for people. Although it is accompanied by controversy, it is inseparable from people's lives. In the development process of Golden Week from disorder to balanced rationality, the regulatory role of the market itself can not be ignored. As long as we respect the market rules and take tourists as the basis, the development of Golden Week will get better and better.
According to Shen Danyang, spokesman of the Ministry of Commerce, during the "Eleventh" Golden Week of 20 15, the national consumer market was prosperous and stable, sales maintained steady and rapid growth, traditional consumption was upgraded, and emerging consumption flourished. Mass consumption, information consumption, green consumption, tourism and leisure, cultural and sports entertainment have become the highlights of holiday consumption, and consumption is accelerating the shift from focusing on quantity satisfaction to pursuing quality improvement, from material commodity consumption to more service consumption.
There are many bright spots in commodity sales. Seasonal clothing, shoes and hats, gold and silver jewelry, household appliances, information products, new energy vehicles and other commodities are selling well, and the consumption structure has been significantly upgraded. New products in autumn and winter have been listed one after another, and sales have increased rapidly; National Day "wedding season" leads the sales boom of home appliances, and intelligent energy-saving products are more popular; The effect of the new automobile consumption policy began to appear, and new energy vehicles and small-displacement vehicles were especially favored. Beijing Asian Games Village auto market sales increased by more than 20% year-on-year, and some new energy vehicles were sold out.
Popular catering continues to flourish. New catering consumption patterns such as gourmet group purchase, online ordering and semi-finished ordering are very popular. Some traditional catering enterprises have joined hands with the take-away platform to launch food delivery service, so that citizens can enjoy food without leaving home. The operating income of key catering enterprises in Jiangsu, Inner Mongolia, Hubei, Henan and Xinjiang increased by 17.6%, 15.7%, 14.5%,14.0, respectively.
Cultural leisure is widely favored. Festivals such as traveling, watching movies, watching exhibitions, reading books and sports are increasingly favored by the people. Healthy leisure activities are deeply loved by the public. Cinemas everywhere are bursting with popularity, and many museums, science and technology museums and exhibition halls have opened special exhibitions for the Golden Week, which are welcomed by tourists. "National holidays and anniversaries"
(1949 65438+released in the State Council on February 23, 2007, the first revision was based on the State Council's Decision on Amending the National Holidays and Remembrance Days, and the first revision was based on the State Council's Decision on Amending the National Day on February 23, 2007.
Article 1 These Measures are formulated for the purpose of unifying holiday arrangements for national festivals and anniversaries.
Article 2 Holidays for all citizens:
(a) the New Year, holiday 1 day (10/day);
(two) the Spring Festival, a holiday of 3 days (Lunar New Year's Eve, the first day of the first month, the second day);
(3) Tomb-Sweeping Day, holiday 1 day (the day of the Qingming Festival);
(4) Labor Day, holiday 1 day (May 1 day);
(5) Dragon Boat Festival, holiday 1 day (the day of Dragon Boat Festival in the lunar calendar);
(6) Mid-Autumn Festival, holiday 1 day (the day of the Mid-Autumn Festival in the lunar calendar);
(7) National Day, 3 days off (65438+ 10/0/2, 3).
Third holidays and anniversaries of some citizens:
(a) Women's Day (March 8), women have a half-day holiday;
(2) Youth Day (May 4th), and more than 14 youths have a half-day holiday;
(3) Children's Day (June 1), children under 14 have a holiday 1 day;
(4) Army Day of China People's Liberation Army (1 August), and active servicemen have a half-day holiday.
Article 4 The local people's governments in areas where ethnic minorities live in concentrated communities shall determine festivals in accordance with the customs and habits of their own nationalities.
Article 5. The 27th anniversary, 30th anniversary, July 7th anniversary of the Anti-Japanese War, September 18th anniversary, Teachers' Day, Nurses' Day, Journalists' Day, Arbor Day and other festivals and anniversaries will not be closed.
Article 6. If all citizens' holidays fall on Saturdays and Sundays, they should make up their holidays on working days. If some citizens have a holiday on Saturday and Sunday, they will not be compensated.
Article 7 These Measures shall come into force as of the date of promulgation. On June 9, 2007, 165438+, the National Development and Reform Commission announced a new national statutory holiday adjustment plan. The main contents of the adjustment include:
1. The total number of national legal holidays has increased by 1 day, that is, from the current1day to 1 1 day.
2. Adjust the schedule of national statutory holidays: 1 day New Year's Day holiday remains unchanged; The Spring Festival holiday will remain unchanged for 3 days, but the start time of the holiday will be adjusted from the first day of the first lunar month to New Year's Eve. "May 1" International Labor Day was adjusted from 3 days to 1 day, a decrease of 2 days; The "Eleventh" National Day holiday will remain unchanged for 3 days; Tomb-Sweeping Day, Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival are added as national statutory holidays, each 1 day (the first month of the lunar calendar is closed).
3. It is allowed to move up and down on weekends, which will break with legal holidays. Moderator: Canceling May Day is only the first step of the Golden Week reform, right?
Cai Jiming: Personally, I think so. Our suggestion is to cancel the "Eleventh" Golden Week.
Moderator: In your opinion, can the previous three golden weeks of May Day, November Day and Spring Festival be cancelled?
Cai Jiming: Yes, only the Spring Festival is significant, because it is a folk festival that has been passed down for thousands of years. There are many things to do in the Spring Festival, and there are many cultural connotations and national traditions. Very meaningful. You are like May 1 day and 1 1 day. Ordinary people have nothing to do but travel and buy things. On the contrary, they played down the political significance of the festival itself.
Moderator: What is the reason for canceling May Day first? Is it because of the National Day that we still keep "Eleventh" for the time being?
Cai Jiming: I don't know why the National Development and Reform Commission did this. Supposedly, there is not much difference between the two festivals.
Moderator: Is the proposal put forward by the research group clear?
Cai Jiming: Our proposal is to cancel two ("May Day" and "Eleventh Day") and cancel them at the same time. We didn't say which one to cancel first and then which one to cancel. It is not reasonable to say "Eleventh", especially for primary and middle school students. The summer vacation has just ended, and some schools don't even start school until mid-September. Just after two weeks of class, students will have a holiday soon, and their inner impetuous is very unfavorable to their study.
Restoring traditional festivals helps to restore traditional culture.
Moderator: Are all the members of the research group from an economic background? Do you have any other academic background?
Cai Jiming: Most of them are doctors and professors in economics. Recently, we also recruited a history professor. Engaged in folklore research and traditional festival research. He is Professor Liu Xiaofeng from the History Department of Tsinghua University.
Moderator: The cancellation of Golden Week has been controversial. Do the members of the research group mainly hold more views on waste storage?
Cai Jiming: Of course, our views are completely consistent, which can be said to coincide. It's not that I'm a mentor, I'm the project leader, so I impose my views on others. As soon as we discuss it, it seems that a * * * knowledge is naturally formed. Influenced by our surroundings, the sound we heard is basically consistent with the plan we put forward.
Of course, it does not rule out that a few people have reservations about canceling the Golden Week. Some scholars even think that turning traditional festivals into legal holidays can promote the traditional culture of the Chinese nation, which is a bit too high or unrealistic. They think it depends on basic education. In fact, we are not talking about restoring traditional festivals, but restoring the whole traditional culture. We just say "helpful" and it has a great effect.
Personal experience: Golden Week is a "week of suffering"
(Viewpoint PK: Wang Yanyong: The negative effects of Golden Week have been minimized)
Moderator: How do you spend the Golden Week?
Cai Jiming: Personally, it's not just the Golden Week, but any festival. If it weren't for a business trip, I would do research at home.
I went to travel during the first Golden Week. At that time, I went to Mount Tai. At that time, I thought the Golden Week was a "suffering week" and I never went out again.
Someone reminded me that you are a professor, and you have winter and summer vacations yourself, as if "it's easy to stand and talk". They may not know the situation, and not all professors do.
In fact, we can completely cancel the "Eleventh" Golden Week, change the holiday to 1 day, and add the Lantern Festival and the Double Ninth Festival. Please note that Mid-Autumn Festival and Double Ninth Festival are not fixed on a certain day, but cross with 1 1. It is entirely possible to have a continuous holiday. Mid-Autumn Festival or Double Ninth Festival is 1 day, eleven is 1 day, plus two Saturdays and Sundays, ***6 days. The following is a list of National Day, Mid-Autumn Festival and Double Ninth Festival holidays from 20 15 to 2030:
2015: Mid-Autumn Festival on September 27th, and it will be closed from September 27th to 65438+1October 2nd.
20 16: Double Ninth Festival1closed on 9 October, 65438+10 October-65438+13 October;
20 17: Mid-Autumn Festival is on10.4, 65438+10.010.6;
20 18: Mid-Autumn Festival will be closed on September 24th, 65438+1October1-65438+1October 3rd;
20 19: the Double Ninth Festival will be closed on 1 October 7, 1 October1October,1October 65438+7;
2020: Mid-Autumn Festival will be closed on 10/day, 1 0/day-10+6 days;
202 1: Mid-Autumn Festival will be closed on September 2 1 day, and on June 1 day;
2022: Double Ninth Festival1October 4th, 65438+1October1-65438+1October 6th;
2023: Mid-Autumn Festival on September 29th, from September 29th to 65438+1October 4th;
2024: Mid-Autumn Festival will be closed on September 17,1-10/3;
2025: Mid-Autumn Festival1October 6 closed 65438+1October1-65438+1October 6;
2026: Mid-Autumn Festival on September 25th, from September 25th to June 5438+1 October1closed;
2027: Double Ninth Festival1October 8th closed 65438+1October1-65438+1October 3rd;
2028: Mid-Autumn Festival1October 3, closed 65438+1October1-65438+1October 6;
2029: Mid-Autumn Festival closed on September 22nd, 65438+1October1-65438+1October 3rd;
2030: The Chung Yeung Festival10.5, 65438+10.0, 65438+10.6 will be closed.
It can be seen that 19 can be closed for six days in most years, and it can be closed for seven days in 20 19 and 2026, with only 20 13, 20 16, 20 18 and 202 1. (20 18, 8 days off in 2027)