Xishuangbanna
Xishuang Dai language in Xishuangbanna means twelve, and Xishuangbanna is twelve Banna: Banna Jinghong, Banna Mengyang, Banna Menglong, Banna, Banna Menghai, Banna Menghun, Banna Mengga, Banna Mengzhe, Banna Naxi Ding, Banna Mengla, Banna Yi Wu. Xishuangbanna was the fourth year of Qin Long in the Ming Dynasty (1570), and Xuanweisi (the local chief) divided the jurisdiction into twelve Banna (in Dai language, "Twelve", "Xishuangbanna" and "Banna" mean 1,000 mu, that is, one Banna and one tax-collecting unit). Since then, A Dai has the name of "Xishuangbanna".
Optimal travel time
You can go to Xishuangbanna at any time
Xishuangbanna is one of the few places in Yunnan Province where there is no winter. 65438+ 10 in the coldest month, the average temperature here is 16℃, and in the hottest time, the average temperature is only 28℃. This temperature makes Xishuangbanna a place where it has never snowed before, and it is also a place where it has been basked for a long time. Xishuangbanna has only dry season and rainy season in a year, so there is a saying that "there is no winter in summer, and rain enters Qiu Lai".
165438+ 10 to April next year is the most suitable time to go to xishuangbanna tourism. During this period, the temperature is neither high nor cold. If you go to xishuangbanna tourism from June to September, you will have a chance to taste all the tropical fruits there, which is really great. May-June 5438+ 10 entered the rainy season, but the road conditions here are good, and it is still impossible to stop the arrival of the tourist season here.
[Edit this paragraph] function
Features of tourist area: green, foggy, Dai folk-custom, warm and harmonious, original ecology, which is qualitatively different from Southeast Asian countries and has unique charm. Xishuangbanna is the only tropical rain forest nature reserve in China, with trees covering the sky, rare birds and animals everywhere, and exotic flowers and herbs everywhere. Xishuangbanna, which is very close to Thailand and Myanmar, is full of Buddhist customs, and stupa temples are in harmony with Dai bamboo houses and ancient bamboo trees, which is a sacred scene.
Dai water-splashing festival
Songkran Festival of Olive Dam in Xishuangbanna Dai people call it "drinking sangkan" or "sangkamai" in Dai language. Because there will be a warm and grand water splashing and blessing activity during the Chinese New Year, outsiders call it the Water Splashing Festival. The Dai New Year is different from June in the Gregorian calendar. The June Songkran Festival in Dai calendar usually falls in the middle of April in Gregorian calendar and lasts for three to five days.
observe a holiday
Venue: Xishuangbanna Dai settlement, playing the ancient city song "Naxi Jingdi".
Festival features: The Dai people in Xishuangbanna hold a warm and grand water splashing activity in the middle of April in the solar calendar every year, and water splashing is a must-have activity for the Dai people in the New Year.
Celebration method:
On this day, people will "go to the market" (get together for entertainment). People will wear new clothes, sing and dance, focus on catching up, flying high, rowing dragon boats, losing bags and celebrating festivals.
In the past, Dai people were mostly held in villages over the years, and the scale was not large. After the establishment of Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, governments at all levels regard the Dai calendar year as an organized and leading activity to strengthen cultural exchanges among ethnic groups, display ethnic customs, attract investment and attract domestic and foreign tourists and merchants. Not only traditional activities such as splashing water, flying high, dragon boat racing, setting off fireworks, flying lanterns and building sand were carried out, but also cultural performances, commodity exhibitions and trade negotiations were added. Various parks also took advantage of their advantages to carry out cattle races. International friends, overseas Chinese, tourists and businessmen from inside and outside the province come in droves to celebrate festivals with people of all ethnic groups in Xishuangbanna, enjoy rich ethnic customs activities, watch the charming local scenery and carry out economic and trade activities. An important festival of Dai people over the years, strengthening cultural and economic exchanges, friendship and national unity.
[Edit this paragraph] History and culture
Legend of the Water-splashing Festival
According to folklore, in ancient times, the places where Dai people lived suffered disasters again and again. There is no rain in summer, no wind in spring, no sunshine in autumn and rainy in winter. Whether it is sunny or not, whether it rains or not, the four seasons are confused, crops can't be planted, fields and wasteland are abandoned, people and animals are infected, and mankind is facing extinction.
The man known as Paya Night, seeing such a scene, decided to go to heaven to find out the reason and told the heavenly king Ying Da Tira. He made wings out of four boards and flew into the sky, reporting the human disaster to King Tira of Ying Da. When I inquired about the smell of fragrant jacquard petals, I knew that the God in charge of wind, thunder, electricity, rain, sunny and cloudy was holding Madian Daraza, ignoring the rules of drought, rain and cold formulated by Ma Peng, and relying on the vast magical powers, deliberately created chaos. And this one holds Madian Dalaza, and his magic is brilliant, and the gods are helpless to him.
In order to punish this unscrupulous god, Ying Da Tira dressed up as a handsome boy and went to Dalam's house in Pengma Store to seduce girls. The seven daughters who were imprisoned in the palace for a long time by Madian Dalaza fell in love with this handsome boy at first sight. Ying Da Tila will hold Madiandala hostage, which will bring disaster to the world and make mankind face extinction. Seven kind-hearted girls who have been angry with their fathers on weekdays are determined to put righteousness above family loyalty and save mankind. They gather around their father every day to coquetry and explore the secret of his life and death. Facing the charming girl, Dalaza in Pengmadian finally revealed the secret: he is not afraid of knives, arrows, fire or floods, but only the hair on his head. When the girls found out the secret, they drank their father as drunk as a fiddler, took the opportunity to cut off a lock of his hair and made a bow. When they aimed the bowstring at Madian Dalachai's neck, his head suddenly fell off. But the head of Dalaza in Pengmadian is a devil's head, and the fire is in a mess. Seven girls saw it, regardless of safety, and rushed to their heads in emotion, and the divine fire went out. In order to put out the magic fire, the seven girls had to hold the devil in their arms and keep spinning until their heads rotted. Every time the two sisters take turns, they will splash water on each other to wash away the stains and eliminate the odor.
After the death of Madian Dalachai, Mahapeng in Shuluba rebuilt the calendar, took charge of the wind and rain, and the weather was good, so the people lived and worked in peace. Legend has it that the revised calendar was announced to his father in June after the Dai calendar. Therefore, the Dai people regard June, when the new calendar is announced, as New Year's Day. People splash water on each other during the Chinese New Year, so as to forget the seven kind girls who are disloyal and heartless, and to drive away evil spirits and seek good luck to be passed down to this day. Generally speaking, it takes three or four days for the Dai calendar to celebrate the New Year, which is usually called "Wan Mai", "Wan Fan" and "Mai Pai Ya Wan Ma". "Wanmai" is the day to say goodbye to the old year, which is somewhat similar to the New Year's Eve of the Lunar New Year. On this day, people should clean up, prepare food for the new year, bid farewell to the old year and welcome the new year. The year of "all kinds of troubles" is mostly one day, sometimes two days, which means that the sky is empty and does not belong to the day of the old annual report or the day of the New Year. People usually say that "Wannao" is a bad day for Madian Dalaza.
Daijia
Dai is the most populous minority in Xishuangbanna, with exquisite bamboo houses and beautiful peacock dance. Dai girls are beautiful in costumes, graceful in posture and good at singing and dancing, which is one of the charming scenery in Xishuang. The bamboo building where Dai people live is a dry-column building. The bamboo building is approximately square, supported by dozens of large bamboos, and the floor is suspended; The roof is covered with thatched rows, and the bamboo wall has a large gap, which is both ventilated and light-permeable. The slope on both sides of the roof is very large, showing an "A" shape. The bamboo building is divided into two floors, where people live upstairs, livestock are raised downstairs and sundries are piled up. It's also a place for rice and weaving. Dai men usually wear collarless double-breasted shirts and long-sleeved trousers wrapped in white or blue cloth. Dai women's clothing varies from place to place, but it is basically characterized by bunches of hair, skirts and shirts. The skirt is ankle-deep, the clothes are tight and short, the hem only reaches the waist, but the sleeves are long and narrow.
The Dai people take rice as their staple food, and the most distinctive one is bamboo tube rice. The production method is to put rice in a fresh bamboo tube, add water, and barbecue on the fire, which is fragrant and delicious. Pu 'er tea, a specialty of Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, was exported to all parts of China in the Tang Dynasty and Southeast Asia and South Asia in the Qing Dynasty. Now it has entered the markets of Japan, Western Europe and other countries and regions and become a famous tea at home and abroad. Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture is rich in special products, including 1 10 kinds of fruits alone. There are many kinds of animals and plants here, which are called "plant kingdom" and "animal kingdom". 199 1 year, Xishuangbanna national nature reserve was officially opened to the outside world, and people can visit the treasure house of nature and enjoy the rich subtropical customs.
Travel tips
1, in order to prevent mosquitoes and strong sunlight, umbrellas are needless to say, and mosquito repellent and sunscreen products need to be prepared. Heatstroke prevention drugs (such as Huoxiang Zhengqi Capsule) are essential.
2. Respect the living habits of Dai and other ethnic minorities when visiting.
There are many jewels and jades in Xishuangbanna, so we should choose them carefully.
4. When traveling to Myanmar and other border areas, special attention should be paid to safety and health.
Xishuangbanna belongs to the tropical rainforest climate, with no heat in summer, no severe cold in winter and warm and pleasant seasons. The best travel time is from June 10 to June of the following year. The annual average temperature is 2 1℃, and it never snows here. Even in June 5438+ 10, the daytime temperature is very high.
6. Be sure to bring a cool enough T-shirt and shorts, and it is best to bring a thin coat, because it will be a little cold sooner or later, and slippers must be ready. When I get there, I basically wear slippers every day, and sports shoes are absolutely unbearable.
7. It should be reminded that never take a taxi to the scenic spot. Taxi drivers will give you a lower charter price at first, but will force you to go to some commercial attractions and shopping places. They will pay tens of dollars to attract tourists to these places. If you insist on not going, they will shorten your trip, such as promising to come back and take you to the airport. If you don't go to the scenic spots or shopping places recommended by them, you will definitely find various reasons not to send you to the airport when you return to the city.