Kyle Poirot is a world-famous traveler, born in a merchant's family in 1254 Venice. 17 years old, followed his father and uncle through the Middle East, came to China for more than four years, and traveled in China for 17 years. After returning home, he published a book "Travel Notes of Marco Polo", which described his experience in China, the richest country in the East, aroused Europeans' warm yearning for the East, and had a great influence on the opening of new air routes in the future. At the same time, western geographers also drew an early "world map" according to the description in the book.
When Kyle Polo was a child, his father and uncle went to the East to do business, came to the Yuan Dynasty (today's Beijing) and met Kublai Khan of the Mongolian Empire, and brought back Khan's letter to the Pope. After they returned home, Kyle Poirot pestered them every day to tell stories about their trip to the East. These stories aroused Kyle Poirot's great interest and made him determined to go to China with his father and uncle. 127 1 year, when Kelpolo 17 years old, his father and uncle took letters and gifts from the Pope and a dozen traveling companions to lead Kelpolo to the East. They entered the Mediterranean from Venice, then crossed the Black Sea, passed through two river basins, and came to the ancient city of Baghdad in the Middle East. From here to Hormuz at the mouth of the Persian Gulf, they can go directly to China by boat. However, at this time, an accident happened. When they were shopping in a town, they were targeted by robbers. The robbers caught them while they were sleeping at night and unlocked them. At midnight, Kyle Poirot and his father escaped. By the time they called for reinforcements, the robbers had already left, and no one left except my uncle.
Kyle Poirot, his father and uncle came to Hormuz and waited for two months. They didn't meet a boat to China, so they had to go by land.
This is a road full of difficulties and obstacles, and it is a road that even the most ambitious travelers are discouraged. From Hormuz to the east, they crossed the desolate and horrible Iranian desert, crossed the steep and cold Pamirs, climbed mountains and mountains, overcame the troubles of disease and hunger, escaped the invasion of bandits and wild animals, and finally came to Xinjiang, China.
Once here, Kyle Poirot's eyes were attracted. Beautiful and prosperous Kashgar, beautiful and rich Hotan, and orchards full of flowers, Kyle and others continued eastward, crossing the Taklimakan desert, and came to the ancient city of Dunhuang to pay tribute to the world-famous Buddha statues and murals. Then, they saw the Great Wall of Wan Li through Yumen Pass. Finally, it crossed the Hexi Corridor and finally reached the capital of the Yuan Dynasty. It's the summer of 1275, and they have been away from their motherland for four years!
Kyle Poirot's father and uncle presented letters and gifts from the Pope to Kublai Khan, and introduced Kyle Poirot to Khan. Khan admired the young and clever Kyle Poirot, specially invited them to tell stories along the way into the palace, and took them back to Dadu, and later left them as officials in the Yuan Dynasty.
Clever Kyle Poirot quickly learned Mongolian and Chinese. Under Khan's orders, he took the opportunity of traveling around the country and traveled all over China. He was stunned by the vastness and richness of China. He has been to Xinjiang, Gansu, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian and Beijing, as well as Vietnam, Myanmar and Sumatra. Wherever he goes, he always inspects the local customs in detail. After returning to metropolis, I reported to Kublai Khan in detail.
In the Travels of Marco Polo, he praised the prosperity of China. Developed industry and commerce, bustling market, gorgeous and cheap silk brocade, magnificent capital, perfect and convenient post road traffic, universal circulation of paper money and so on. The content of this book fascinates everyone who has read it.
17 years passed quickly, and Kyle Poirot became more and more homesick. 1292 In the spring, Kelpolo and his father and uncle were entrusted by Kublai Khan to escort a Mongolian princess to Persia to get married. They took the opportunity to ask Khan to return to China. Khan promised them that they could return to China after completing the task.
At the end of 1295, the three of them finally returned to their relatives who had been away for 24 years. The news of their return from China quickly spread throughout Venice, and their stories aroused great interest. They brought back countless treasures from China, making them Venetian billionaires overnight.
1298, Kelpolo participated in the war between Venice and Genoa and was unfortunately captured. In prison, he met the writer Ruth Tieqian, so he had the Travels of Marco Polo dictated by Kyle Polo and recorded by Ruth Tieqian. This book was widely circulated in Europe, which aroused Europeans' admiration for China's civilization and wealth, and finally triggered the discovery of new sea routes and new continents.
Until 13 century and even 14 century, the connection between the north and south poles only stayed in the meridional direction. Whether human beings explore the North Pole or goods from the North Pole are continuously transported to all parts of the south, they all move in the north-south direction and go their separate ways. From Western Europe to East Asia, they have their own channels and have no contact with each other.
However, during this period, a great event happened in human history, which not only linked the East and the West, but also gave human beings a new meaning to March into the Arctic. Therefore, although the incident itself is purely a personal act, it has injected new vitality into human history and the process of human March to the North Pole, which has played a great role in promoting it. This is Kyle Polo's trip to the East and his trip to Kyle Polo.
127 1 year1month, Kyle Poirot, who was only 17 years old, followed his uncle through an extremely difficult and long journey, and finally came to Yuandu, an ancient oriental civilization, until 1295, when he left and lived in China for 24 years.
If he doesn't write about these experiences, then things will probably stop here, and at most they will just evolve into some legends. But fortunately, he lived in prison later, probably because he had nothing to do, so he dictated it himself, and some people wrote the immortal masterpiece Marco Polo's Travels. According to him, at that time, commodities and trade in the Asian Arctic were mainly shipped to China.
Because of this, people in China at that time had some concepts about the North Pole, such as "It is a dark area", "The sun can't be seen most of the time in winter", "The bear is white and big", and people there "travel with dogs on sleds" and so on. According to the Tatars at that time, he was told that they often plundered in the north, thus forcing the residents there to move further north.
As you can guess, Kyle Poirot's oral experience is probably mainly to satisfy people's curiosity. I'm afraid he never dreamed that this book would have such far-reaching historical significance. People have discussed enough about his important role in East-West communication, but little is known about his influence and significance in Arctic exploration. In fact, it is precisely because Kyle Poirot described China in his travel notes as "arachis duranensis, with beautiful women like clouds and all kinds of silks and satins" that just like heaven not only aroused the curiosity of westerners, but also aroused their predatory desire. Although some people believe in God, they also know that in their lifetime, heaven can't get in anyway. However, China is real, and whoever can get there will have great wealth. Therefore, they turned their attention to China.
The Yuan Dynasty was an empire with a vast territory spanning Europe and Asia, and the central government set up a post road (the route for delivering official documents and officials) to keep in touch with khanates everywhere. This made the cultural exchanges between the Central Plains and overseas safe and convenient, so the cultural exchanges between China and the West were very frequent during this period, and a considerable number of European businessmen entered China and even reached the capital of the Yuan Dynasty. Among these people, the Venetian businessman Kyle Poirot is the most famous.
Kelpolo's father Nicholas and uncle Mafio are businessmen engaged in eastern trade. They lived in the Khincha khanate of the Yuan Dynasty for many years. Later, he came to the Central Plains with the envoys sent by the khanate to the imperial court, and arrived in Shangdu (now northwest of Duolun, Inner Mongolia) about 1265. Kublai Khan received them and asked them about European countries. Kublai Khan decided to send an envoy to the Vatican and ordered Nicholas brothers to accompany him.
They arrived in Aga on the east coast of the Mediterranean Sea on 1269. At this time, the old pope had died and the new pope had not been elected, so they returned to their home in Venice. 127 1 year, they brought 17-year-old Kyle Poirot to Aga. The new Pope grigori X sent two priests to see Kublai Khan. On the way, two priests refused to go any further for fear that the road would be difficult. Kyle Poirot and the three of them continued to March eastward, along the ancient "Silk Road", passing through Syria, the two river basins, the Iranian Plateau, Central Asia, crossing the Pamirs, and finally reaching Shangdu at 1275.
Kyle Poirot was very clever and soon learned Mongolian and Chinese. Kublai Khan also trusted and valued him and ordered him to tour all provinces, so he traveled all over China, covering more than 50 cities including Xinjiang, Gansu, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Fujian. In the meantime, he was an official in Yangzhou for three years and was sent to Vietnam, Indonesia and other countries by the Yuan government.
Kyle Poirot lived in China for seventeen years. Later, King Khan of the Hande Republic of Ilg sent envoys to propose to the royal family of the Yuan Dynasty. Kublai Khan chose the new princess Kokejin and ordered Kyle Poirot and his father and uncle to escort him from Quanzhou to the Persian Republic of Ilhande by sea. They left China on 1292, arrived in Persia via Sumatra and India, and returned to Venice on 1295.
1298, a war broke out between Venice and Genoa, and Kelpolo was captured. In prison, he dictated his experiences in the East, and recorded them in a book with Ruth Tiqian, a Pisa man in prison. This is the world-famous trip of Kyle Poirot.
This book, also known as "Oriental Experience", has four volumes. The first volume mainly describes what I saw and heard on my way to China. The second volume mainly describes the situation in China, describing China's rich products and the bustling scenes of many cities; The third volume describes the situation of countries and regions around China; The fourth volume tells about the struggle of kings after Genghis Khan. The narrative in the book is true and reliable, so it is of great historical value. This book also opened the eyes of Europeans and aroused their yearning for oriental civilization. Among them, the famous navigator Columbus is an enthusiastic reader. The Travels of Marco Polo, which he read and annotated, is still preserved in the museum in Lisbon. Some geographers in Europe also drew the earliest "world map" based on this painting and calligraphy.
Before Kyle Polo came to China, many travelers in Yuan Dynasty had arrived in the west, among which Lu Yechu in Genghis Khan's period was the most famous. Lu Ye Chu Cai went on an expedition to the Western Regions with Genghis Khan in 12 19 and returned in 1224. 1228 wrote The Journey to the West, which recorded his geographical features along the way with Genghis Khan's expedition to the west. It is an important document to study the historical geography of 13 century.
In Yuan Chengzong, Zhou Daguan, a Wenzhou native, went to Zhenla with the delegation, which was the most famous maritime mission in the Yuan Dynasty. The True Wax written by him is the first book to comprehensively introduce the Angkor regime in Cambodia. Because of its informative and reliable information, it became a monograph with international reputation and was translated into French in 18 19.
Extensive and frequent exchanges spread Chinese civilization, including the four great inventions, to Europe and the world. According to historical records, movable type printing was introduced to Korea and Japan around the 4th century. Koreans made copper-lead movable type according to the principle of movable type printing. Later, along the Silk Road, Arabs introduced movable type printing to Europe, ending the situation that only monks could study and receive education in Europe and creating conditions for the Renaissance in Europe.
/kloc-In the 3rd century, the Arabs mentioned gunpowder in their books, which they called "China Snow" and "China Salt". During Mongolia's Western Expedition, Arabs learned the technology of using and manufacturing gunpowder weapons through fighting. Europeans also learned to use and manufacture gunpowder weapons.
The compass was also introduced to Europe by Arabs. With the compass, the navigation industry in Europe developed, some navigators opened up new routes, and the discovery of America finally completed the voyage around the world.